Quantifying mangrove carbon assimilation rates using UAV imagery

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Abstract Mangrove forests are recognized as one of the most effective ecosystems for storing carbon. In drylands, mangroves operate at extremes environmental gradients and, in many instances, offer few opportunities vegetation-based sequestering Developing accurate and reproducible methods to map carbon assimilation not only serves inform efforts related natural capital accounting, but can help motivate their protection preservation. Remote sensing offers a means retrieve numerous vegetation traits, which be plant biophysical or biochemical responses. The leaf area index (LAI) is routinely employed indicator health condition. Here, we apply linear regression model UAV-derived multispectral data LAI across three mangrove sites located along coastline Red Sea, with estimates producing an R 2 0.72 when compared against ground-sampled LiCOR LAI-2200C data. To explore potential monitoring within these stands, were combined field-measured net photosynthesis rates from 6400/XT, providing first estimate dryland systems approximately 3000 ton C km −2 yr −1 . Overall, results advance our understanding provide mechanism quantify mitigation reforestation efforts.

Язык: Английский

---

StomaVision: stomatal trait analysis through deep learning

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2024

Summary StomaVision is an automated tool designed for high-throughput detection and measurement of stomatal traits, such as number, pore size, closure rate. It provides insights into plant responses to environmental cues, streamlining the analysis micrographs from field-grown plants across various species, including monocots dicots. Enhanced by a novel collection method that utilizes video recording, increases number captured images robust statistical analysis. Accessible via intuitive web interface at < https://stomavision.streamlit.app/ > available local use in containerized environment https://github.com/YaoChengLab/StomaVision >, this ensures long-term usability minimizing impact software updates maintaining functionality with minimal setup requirements. The application has provided significant physiological insights, variations density, opening rates, total area under heat stress. These traits correlate critical processes, gas exchange, carbon assimilation, water efficiency, demonstrating tool’s utility advancing our understanding physiology. ability identify differences varying durations treatment highlights its value science research. Plain language summary automatically counts measures tiny openings on leaves, helping us learn how deal their surroundings. easy works well species. This helps scientists see change stress, making research easier more accurate.

Язык: Английский

---

Regional differences in leaf evolution facilitate photosynthesis following severe drought

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243(6), С. 2457 - 2469

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

Characterizing physiological and anatomical changes that underlie rapid evolution following climatic perturbation can broaden our understanding of how climate change is affecting biodiversity. It also provide evidence cryptic adaptation despite stasis at higher levels biological organization. Here, we compared evolutionary in populations Mimulus cardinalis from historically different climates the north south species' range an exceptional drought. We grew seeds produced predrought ancestral plants alongside peak-drought descendants a common glasshouse exposed them to wet dry conditions. Before drought, northern expressed traits contributing drought escape, while southern avoidance. Following both regions evolved reduce water loss maintain photosynthesis treatments (drought avoidance), but via alterations stomata, trichomes, palisade mesophyll. Additionally, lost ability take advantage These results reveal towards avoidance level suggest differences mechanisms between incur trade-offs. This sheds light on importance characterizing underlying for downstream life-history macromorphological traits.

Язык: Английский

---

Photosynthetic capacity in middle‐aged larch and spruce acclimates independently to experimental warming and elevated CO₂

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(12), С. 4886 - 4902

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024

Abstract Photosynthetic acclimation to both warming and elevated CO 2 of boreal trees remains a key uncertainty in modelling the response photosynthesis future climates. We investigated impact increased growth temperature on photosynthetic capacity ( V cmax J max ) mature two North American conifers, tamarack black spruce. show that at standard 25°C did not change with warming, while their thermal optima T opt g increased. Moreover, either 25°C, or decreased . The / ratio when assessed but significantly vary 25°C. reference temperature. found no significant interaction between all traits. If this lack , is general trend, it would have implications for improving representation vegetation models. However, research required investigate widespread nature larger number species biomes.

Язык: Английский

---

Fast Assimilation‐Temperature Response: a FAsTeR method for measuring the temperature dependence of leaf‐level photosynthesis

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 241(3), С. 1361 - 1372

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2023

We present the Fast Assimilation-Temperature Response (FAsTeR) method, a new method for measuring plant assimilation-temperature (AT) response that reduces measurement time and increases data density compared with conventional methods. The FAsTeR subjects leaves to linearly increasing temperature ramp while taking rapid, nonequilibrium measurements of gas exchange variables. Two postprocessing steps are employed correct measured assimilation rates effects sensor calibration drift. Results obtained those from two stepwise Our accurately reproduces results methods, by factor c. 3.3 (from 90 27 min), 55 10 550 observations). Simulation demonstrate increased substantially improves confidence in parameter estimates drastically influence noise. By improving speed density, enables users ask fundamentally kinds ecological physiological questions, expediting collection short-field campaigns, representativeness across species literature.

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of nano oxide particles on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of okra plant under water deficiency

Folia Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024

ABSTRACT Drought, as abiotic stress, has significant detrimental effects on the growth, physiology, yield and nutritional quality of plants. The distinctive characteristics nanoparticles (NPs) significantly contribute to essential physiological processes, indicating their considerable potential in promoting plant growth. This study investigated different NPs, including aluminium oxide (ANPs), silica (SNPs) titanium dioxide (TNPs), growth photosynthesis okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus L.) seedlings under drought stress conditions. plants were assessed after 48 days watering. Photosynthetic parameters like photosynthetic rate, transpiration intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance water use efficiency (WUE) measured with a portable system. results demonstrated that both ANPs SNPs can promote activity plants, exhibiting stronger effect compared ANPs. administration 50 mg · kg −1 for defined period most pronounced enhancement properties. In contrast, TNPs found have harmful influence properties plant. These findings lay an important foundation assessing nano particles

Язык: Английский

---

The long and tortuous path towards improving photosynthesis by engineering elevated mesophyll conductance

Authorea (Authorea), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023

The growing demand for global food production is likely to be a defining issue facing humanity over the next 50 years. In order tackle this challenge, there desire bioengineer crops with higher photosynthetic efficiencies, increase yields. Recently, has been interest in engineering leaves mesophyll conductance ( g ), which would allow CO move more efficiently from substomatal cavities chloroplast stroma. However, if crop yield gains are realised through approach, it essential that methodological limitations associated estimating gm fully appreciated. review, we summarise these limitations, and outline uncertainties assumptions can affect final estimation of . Furthermore, critically assess predicted quantitative effect elevating will have on assimilation rates species. We highlight need theoretical modelling determine whether altering truly viable route improve performance. Finally, offer suggestions guide future research , help mitigate uncertainty inherently parameter.

Язык: Английский

---

Native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi drive ecophysiology through phenotypic integration and functional plasticity under the Sonoran desert conditions

Physiologia Plantarum, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 176(5)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Abstract Knowledge is scarce to what extent environmental drivers and native symbiotic fungi in soil induce abrupt (short‐term), systemic (multiple traits), or specific (a subset of traits) shifts C 3 plants' ecophysiological/mycorrhizal responses. We cultivated an emblematic species ( Capsicum annuum var . glabriusculum , “Chiltepín”) look at how the extreme heat Sonoran desert, sunlight regimes (low = 2, intermediate 15, high 46 mol m 2 d −1 ) density arbuscular mycorrhizal AMF 1% v/v, 100% v/v), drive on responses through multiple functional traits (106 traits). The warming thresholds were relentlessly harsh even under intensive shade (e.g. superheat maximum reached ranged between 47–63°C), several pivotal synergistically driven by photosynthetic capacity, biomass gain/allometry, colonization traits); whereas concurrently, promoted most (76%) alterations acclimation short‐term opposite directions survival, phenology, photosynthetic, carbon/nitrogen economy). Multidimensional reduction analysis suggests that promotes a synergistic impact phenotypic integration plasticity response regimes; however, complex relationships among suggest variation determines robustness degree phenotypes between/within environments. Photosynthetic canopy surface expansion, Rubisco activity, nitrogen allocation, carbon gain, differential could be central overall fitness strengthening. In conclusion, we found evidence strong combined effect factors which are key effectors important trade‐offs short term.

Язык: Английский

---