American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
111(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Decades
of
empirical
research
have
revealed
how
the
geological
history
our
planet
shaped
plant
evolution
by
establishing
well‐known
patterns
(e.g.,
mountain
uplift
resulted
in
high
rates
diversification
and
replicate
radiations
montane
taxa).
This
follows
a
traditional
approach
where
botanical
data
are
interpreted
light
events.
In
this
synthesis,
I
instead
describe
integrating
natural
history,
phylogenetics,
population
genetics,
can
be
applied
alongside
geology
paleontology
to
inform
understanding
past
climatic
processes.
conceptual
shift
aligns
with
goals
emerging
field
geogenomics.
neotropics,
geogenomics
is
powerful
tool
for
reciprocal
exploration
two
long
standing
questions
biology
geology:
dynamic
landscape
region
came
it
richest
flora.
Current
challenges
that
specific
analytical
approaches
discussed.
scale
at
which
various
addressed
from
biological
what
makes
some
groups
plants
excellent
model
systems
research.
Although
discussed
reference
recommendations
given
here
should
expanded
exploring
long‐standing
on
earth
evolved
use
DNA.
Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
129(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
The
stable
carbon
isotope
composition
(δ
13
C)
of
plant
components
such
as
wax
biomarkers
is
an
important
tool
for
reconstructing
past
vegetation.
Plant
δ
C
mainly
controlled
by
photosynthetic
pathways,
allowing
the
differentiation
4
tropical
grasses
and
3
forests.
Proxy
interpretations
are
however
complicated
additional
factors
aridity,
vegetation
density,
elevation,
considerable
variability
found
among
species.
Moreover,
studies
on
in
soils
plants
have
focused
Africa,
while
structurally
different
South
American
savannas,
shrublands
rainforests
remain
understudied.
Here,
we
analyze
long‐chain
n‐
alkanes
fatty
acids
from
leaf
litter
to
assess
isotopic
each
type
investigate
influence
climatic
features
C.
Rainforests
open
types
show
distinct
values,
with
having
a
narrow
range
low
values
(
29
alkane:
‰
;
Suess‐effect
corrected).
This
allows
detection
even
minor
incursions
savanna
alkane
‰)
into
rainforests.
While
Cerrado
savannas
semi‐arid
Caatinga
grow
under
distinctly
climates,
they
can
yield
indistinct
most
compounds.
pronounced
spreads
between
33
alkanes,
consistent
across
two
homologs,
thereby
enabling
these
types.
same
multi‐homolog
analysis
be
extended
differentiate
African
savannas.
Summary
Grass‐dominated
biomes
in
South
America
comprise
c
.
20
million
years
of
history,
yet
their
evolution
and
underlying
drivers
remain
poorly
understood.
Here
we
apply
a
novel
approach
that
combines
scanning
electron
microscopy
imaging
with
computational
analysis
to
quantify
the
morphometrics
grass
(Poaceae)
pollen
micro‐ornamentation
from
Neotropics
since
Early
Miocene
(23
ago).
Three
spatial–temporal
sets
were
assembled
further
elucidate
variation
evolutionary
traits
grasses
through
space
time.
Our
results
reveals
three
groups
occupy
unique,
partially
overlapping
regions
exine
morphospace.
The
direction
this
shift
is
consistent
over
time,
progressing
towards
less
dense
ornamentation.
Interestingly,
extent
occupied
morphospace
did
not
vary
significantly.
This
first
time
true
morphological
Poaceae
becomes
apparent
We
hypothesize
changes
driven
by
processes
(evolutionary
drift
and/or
directional
selection),
potentially
migration
at
continental
scale.
high
diversity
likely
related
success
Neogene.
Seed Science Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(4), С. 239 - 263
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Abstract
We
have
reviewed
seed
dormancy
and
germination
in
the
Rubiaceae,
fourth-largest
angiosperm
family
(in
terms
of
species
richness),
relation
to
ecology,
life
form,
biogeography
phylogeny
(subfamily/tribe).
Life
forms
include
trees,
shrubs,
vines
herbs,
tropical
rainforest
trees
greatest
number
tribes
species.
The
has
five
kinds
embryos:
investing,
linear-full,
linear-underdeveloped,
spatulate
spatulate-underdeveloped,
seeds
are
non-dormant
(ND)
or
morphological
(MD),
morphophysiological
(MPD)
physiological
(PD)
dormancy.
Except
for
occurrence
investing
embryo
only
dry
fruits
Dialypetalanthoideae,
each
kind
is
found
fleshy
Dialypetalanthodies
Rubioideae.
In
temperate
regions,
there
with
ND
others
whose
MD,
MPD
PD.
A
complete
profile
(i.e.
some
PD)
was
shrubs
semi-evergreen
shrubs.
Dormancy-break
occurs
during
cold
warm
stratification
dry-afterripening,
depending
on
Some
long
periods
dormancy-break/germination
extending
4–5
30–40
weeks.
Soil
banks
5
15
Rubiaceae
respectively.
With
increased
distance
from
Equator,
diversity
decreases,
resulting
herbs
PD
at
high
latitudes.
conclude
that
low
richness
regions
not
related
dormancy/germination.
American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
111(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Decades
of
empirical
research
have
revealed
how
the
geological
history
our
planet
shaped
plant
evolution
by
establishing
well‐known
patterns
(e.g.,
mountain
uplift
resulted
in
high
rates
diversification
and
replicate
radiations
montane
taxa).
This
follows
a
traditional
approach
where
botanical
data
are
interpreted
light
events.
In
this
synthesis,
I
instead
describe
integrating
natural
history,
phylogenetics,
population
genetics,
can
be
applied
alongside
geology
paleontology
to
inform
understanding
past
climatic
processes.
conceptual
shift
aligns
with
goals
emerging
field
geogenomics.
neotropics,
geogenomics
is
powerful
tool
for
reciprocal
exploration
two
long
standing
questions
biology
geology:
dynamic
landscape
region
came
it
richest
flora.
Current
challenges
that
specific
analytical
approaches
discussed.
scale
at
which
various
addressed
from
biological
what
makes
some
groups
plants
excellent
model
systems
research.
Although
discussed
reference
recommendations
given
here
should
expanded
exploring
long‐standing
on
earth
evolved
use
DNA.
