Acclimation of mature spruce and beech to five years of repeated summer drought – The role of stomatal conductance and leaf area adjustment for water use

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 951, С. 175805 - 175805

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024

Forests globally are experiencing severe droughts, leading to significant reductions in growth, crown dieback and even tree mortality. The ability of forest ecosystems acclimate prolonged repeated droughts is critical for their survival with ongoing climate change. In a five-year throughfall exclusion experiment, we investigated the long-term physiological morphological acclimation mature Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] KARST.) European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) summer drought at leaf, shoot whole level. Throughout period, reduced total water use by 70 % only 4-9 L per day tree, while was less affected about 30 reduction use. During first two summers, achieved this closing stomata up 80 %. Additionally, from second onwards, produced shorter shoots needles, resulting stepwise leaf area over 50 end experiment. Surprisingly, no premature loss observed. This allowed gradual increase stomatal conductance. After consumption same as controls, still reduced. contrast, showed whole-tree area, but nevertheless closure. If restriction transpiration closure sufficient ensure during then slow steady will successful use, stress survival. Neighboring appeared benefit water-saving strategy using excess water.

Язык: Английский

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Root system ideotypes: what is the potential for breeding drought-tolerant grapevine rootstocks?

Journal of Experimental Botany, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Abstract Adaptation to drought is one of the most important challenges for agriculture. The root system, and its integration with soil, fundamental in conferring tolerance. At same time, it extremely challenging study. result that investigations aimed at increasing crop tolerance have mainly focused on above-ground traits, especially perennial species. In this review, we explore trait syndromes would constitute tolerant ideotypes, taking example grapevine as a model grafted plant. We introduce discuss complexity interactions across different spatial temporal scales considering their diversity, plasticity, possible trade-offs. Finally, review future approaches discovering hidden tolerance, such state-of-the-art phenotyping technologies, use modeling tool upscale traits field, new strategies link genes phenotypes. Together these integrated can improve breeding rootstocks.

Язык: Английский

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The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration dominates ecosystem water use efficiency response to drought

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 363, С. 110423 - 110423

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Differences and driving factors of leaf functional traits between old tree and mature tree of Pinus tabulaeformis in the Loess Plateau

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025

Study the leaf functional traits is highly important for understanding survival strategies and climate adaptability of old trees. In this study, (over 100 years old) mature trees (about 50 Pinus tabulaeformis in Loess Plateau were studied, variation 18 (6 economic, 4 anatomical, 2 photosynthetic 6 physiological traits) was analyzed to understand differences between Combined with transcriptome simple sequence repeats (SSR) techniques, effects soil property factors genetic on potential molecular mechanisms studied. Compared trees, presented greater economic (except phosphorus content), anatomical stomatal density), superoxide dismutase activity) lower traits, their more conservative. The difference mainly driven by (common explanation rate 67.89%), independent effect (10.09%) slightly higher than that (2.88%). addition, constructing weighted gene co-expression networks analysis WGCNA), research identified 24 candidate hub genes regulate most which are related plant growth development stress response, can be used further regulatory mechanism analysis. conclusion, study helpful ecological P. tabuliformis under background change Plateau, provides a theoretical basis regulation protection

Язык: Английский

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Response and recovery times of vegetation productivity under drought stress: Dominant factors and relationships

Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 655, С. 132945 - 132945

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Genetically based trait coordination and phenotypic plasticity of growth, gas exchange, allometry, and hydraulics across the distribution range of Pinus pinaster

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Studying intraspecific trait variation across environments is key for understanding how resource-use strategies evolve. It hypothesized that plants from mesic have evolved toward a more acquisitive strategy with high growth potential and phenotypic plasticity, while populations xeric continental climates exhibit conservative slower better physiological performance under drier conditions. We tested this hypothesis through the phenotypical characterization of 14-yr-old Pinus pinaster Aiton trees 20 range-wide growing in two climatically contrasting common gardens. measured traits related to growth, leaf morphology, gas exchange, photochemistry, hydraulics. Consistent our hypothesis, we found oceanic areas exhibited higher rates allocation surface area conditions, along greater plasticity these traits. By contrast, had status, showing exchange photochemical efficiency, but lower sapwood-specific hydraulic conductivity Together, results provide evidence climate drives joint evolution stem their following an acquisitive-conservative axis resource use. Overall, coordination be highly plastic, likely maximize plant environmental

Язык: Английский

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Aboveground succulence in woody plants is related with drought survival in green roof modules and not their degree of anisohydry or water use

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Patterns of Adaptation to Drought in Quercus robur Populations in Central European Temperate Forests

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

In order to predict the future of European forests, it is crucial assess potential dominant perennial species adapt rapid climate change. The aim this study was reconstruct pattern distribution drought tolerance in Quercus robur current center species' range. and plasticity drought-related traits German populations Q. were assessed effects spring phenology demographic history on evaluated using a stress experiment common garden. We show that variation functional traits, including intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), leaf osmotic (π), rate drought-induced defoliation, high within populations. However, frequency trees with estimated constitutive increases decreasing availability regions population origin, indicating local adaptation drought. A strong correlation between observed suggests deficit interacts seasonality central climate. two processes are not influenced by post-glacial recolonisation Europe. results provide basis for optimistic prognoses its

Язык: Английский

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The Unstable Relationship Between Drought Status and Leaf Water Content Complicates the Remote Sensing of Tree Drought Stress

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Remote sensing holds promise for ecosystem-level monitoring of plant drought stress but is limited by uncertain linkages between physiological and remotely sensed metrics water content. Here, we investigate the stability relationships potential (Ψ) content (measured in situ via repeat airborne VSWIR imaging) over diel, seasonal, spatial variation two xeric oak tree species. We also compare these field-based with ones established laboratory settings that might be used as calibration. Due to confounding processes related growth, both lacked consistent when measured across space or through time. Relationships growing season were stronger more closely laboratory-based drydown methods than those (i.e., wet trees dry trees). These results provide insight into utility "space time" approaches remote demonstrate important limitations power high temporal resolution detecting stress.

Язык: Английский

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Distinct interactions of ericoid mycorrhizae and plant growth-promoting bacteria: impacts on blueberry growth and heat resilience

Plant Signaling & Behavior, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2024

Blueberries confront substantial challenges from climate change, such as rising temperatures and extreme heat, necessitating urgent solutions to ensure productivity. We hypothesized that ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ErM) plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) would establish symbiotic relationships increase heat stress tolerance in blueberries. A growth chamber study was designed with low (25/20°C) high temperature (35/30°C) conditions micropropagated blueberry plantlets inoculated ErM, PGPB, both. Gas exchange chlorophyll fluorescence properties of the leaves were monitored throughout growth. At harvest, biochemical assays biomass analysis performed evaluate potential oxidative induced by elevated temperatures. ErM application boosted root under 25/20°C but did not impact photosynthetic efficiency. In contrast, PGPB demonstrated a dual role: enhancing capacity reducing stomatal conductance notably 35/30°C conditions. Moreover, showcased conflicting effects, damage while intensifying it during 47°C shock. significant highlight lies opposing effects on conductance, signifying their reciprocal influence behavior, which may lead increased water uptake or reduced use. Understanding these complex interactions holds promise for refining sustainable strategies overcome challenges.

Язык: Английский

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