The impacts of rising vapour pressure deficit in natural and managed ecosystems

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(9), С. 3561 - 3589

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

An exponential rise in the atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) is among most consequential impacts of climate change terrestrial ecosystems. Rising VPD has negative and cascading effects on nearly all aspects plant function including photosynthesis, water status, growth survival. These responses are exacerbated by land-atmosphere interactions that couple to soil govern evolution drought, affecting a range ecosystem services carbon uptake, biodiversity, provisioning resources crop yields. However, despite global nature this phenomenon, research how incorporate these into resilient management regimes largely its infancy, due part entanglement trends with those other co-evolving drivers. Here, we review mechanistic bases at spatial scales, paying particular attention independent interactive influence context environmental changes. We then evaluate consequences within key contexts, resources, croplands, wildfire risk mitigation natural grasslands forests. conclude recommendations describing could be altered mitigate otherwise highly deleterious rising VPD.

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of elevated temperature and vapour pressure deficit on leaf gas exchange and plant growth across six tropical rainforest tree species

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243(2), С. 648 - 661

Опубликована: Май 17, 2024

Summary Elevated air temperature ( T ) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD significantly influence plant functioning, yet their relative impacts are difficult to disentangle. We examined the effects of elevated (+6°C) VPD (+0.7 kPa) on growth physiology six tropical tree species. Saplings were grown under well‐watered conditions in climate‐controlled glasshouses for 6 months three treatments: (1) low , (2) high (3) . To assess acclimation, physiological parameters measured at a set temperature. Warm‐grown plants had reduced stomatal conductance increased instantaneous water use efficiency compared Photosynthetic biochemistry thermal tolerance crit unaffected by but caused J max25 decrease increase. Sapling biomass accumulation all species responded positively an increase limited growth. This study shows that limitation even moderate increases can productivity rates independently from has important implications modelling climate change forests.

Язык: Английский

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Drought type determines the pattern of ecological response to drought in trees with different sensitivities

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Vapour pressure deficit affects crop water productivity, yield, and quality in tomatoes

Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 299, С. 108879 - 108879

Опубликована: Май 19, 2024

A high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) hinders calcium absorption in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), which severely reduces tomato yield, crop water productivity (WPcrop), and quality. Although reducing the VPD is effective for increasing yield productivity, regulating costly. Therefore, this study aimed to explore effects of regulation (high VPD=2.22 kPa, low VPD=0.95 kPa) during different growth stages on WPcrop, quality identify a management method that saves costs enhances above parameters. The results showed was significantly positively correlated with fruit absorption. Decreasing expansion stage it flowering increased accumulation fruits, thereby improving Additionally, stomatal conductance mesophyll conductance, intercellular chloroplast CO2 concentrations enhancing plant photosynthetic capacity, reduced stem potential, leaf relative content, potential difference, hydraulic By integrating game theory technique order preference by similarity ideal solution method, comprehensive analysis appearance, nutrients, flavour revealed growing plants under seedling, flowering, ripening not only enhanced value but also maximally humidification cost. Conclusively, controlling environmental at 2.22 kPa 0.95 can effectively increase This provides theoretical basis high-quality, efficient, water-conserving cultivation greenhouse tomatoes.

Язык: Английский

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An ecophysiological basis for the assembly of Australian rainforest tree communities

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

Abstract Understanding how past climate has filtered different tree strategies into communities is crucial for predicting future climates will impact species and communities, yet few studies have used physiologically interpretable traits to explain the assembly of entire across large, continuous climatic gradients. To address this gap, we systematically surveyed rainforest Australian subtropics (spanning 600 2,500 mm rainfall yr − 1 ) measured functional on 285 (91%) recorded species, including detailed measurements xylem anatomy describe species’ hydraulic strategies. The direction shape occurrence trends regional moisture gradient were strongly related their Evergreen with efficient hydraulics more prevalent in mesic locations, while those safer favoured drier climates. Despite having extremely hydraulics, deciduous declined along gradient. At dry end gradient, lower soil fertility increased prevalence very safe evergreen decreased relative high-fertility sites. Overall, reveal climate, biogeography jointly subtropics, providing a general foundation prediction under ongoing change.

Язык: Английский

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A Theoretical Framework to Quantify Ecosystem Pressure‐Volume Relationships

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(11)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT ‘Water potential’ is the biophysically relevant measure of water status in vegetation relating to stomatal, canopy and hydraulic conductance, as well mortality thresholds; yet, this cannot be directly related measured modelled fluxes at plot‐ landscape‐scale without understanding its relationship with ‘water content’. The capacity for detecting content via microwave remote sensing further increases need understand link between ecosystem function. In review, we explore how fundamental measures status, potential are linked ecosystem‐scale drawing on existing theory pressure‐volume (PV) relationships. We define evaluate concept limitations applying PV relationships ecosystems where quantity can vary short timescales respect plant over longer larger areas due structural changes vegetation. As a proof concept, plot‐scale aboveground curves were generated from equilibrium (e.g., predawn) potentials above ground biomass nine plots, including tropical rainforest, savanna, temperate forest, long‐term Amazonian rainforest drought experiment. Initial findings suggest that stored capacitance scale linearly across diverse systems, while relative values physiologically accessible storage do not systematically biomass. bottom‐up scaling approach relations identified characterise distribution within community also revealed relevance community‐level tissue fractions relations. believe will instrumental linking our detailed biophysical processes tissue‐scale which land surface models operate tower‐based, airborne satellite provide information.

Язык: Английский

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A regime shift in soil moisture triggered by selective logging in Bornean lowland tropical rainforests

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Context Aboveground biomass removal and canopy opening by selective logging modifies soil moisture in the main root zone, impacting aeration various biogeochemical processes tropical production forests. Objectives This study investigated relationship between damages topsoil (10 cm) logged-over forests Malaysian Borneo, controlling for intensity, time elapsed from logging, spatial autocorrelation. Methods Volumetric water content (VSWC), height model (CHM), leaf area index (LAI), historical data were collected 84 transects 15 sites exhibiting varying canopies. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to structure metrics (CSM) derived CHM LAI each transect. The first principal (PC1) quantified structural degradation analyzed comparison topography with VSWC across periods. autocorrelation examined relation conditions. Results increased 0.27 m³ m^{− 3} over 0.4 after logging. In area, PC1 a stronger predictor of than was. Wettest soils found underneath most degraded canopies, despite higher evaporative demand combined vapor pressure deficit. Conclusions revealed wetting humid forests, driven reduced transpiration loss rather opening. elevated regime could disrupt carbon nitrogen cycling impede forest succession, its coupling increases overall vulnerability disturbed rainforests.

Язык: Английский

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Woody component of tropical rainforest recovers slower from drought than the upper canopy layer and leaves

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Tropical rainforests are crucial for Earth's health, but climate change is making severe droughts more frequent. The 2015–2016 El Niño-induced drought caused significant biomass loss, yet the recovery duration of different vegetation components (woody parts, upper canopies, and leaves) remains unknown. This study employed satellite remote sensing data L-band Vegetation Optical Depth (L-VOD), X-band VOD (X-VOD), Enhanced Index (EVI) from 2010 to 2022, characterized by having sensitivities components, examine these in tropical evergreen broadleaf forest (EBF) regions during drought. Results showed that woody component had slowest recovery, particularly Africa, which took longer return pre-drought conditions than South America. Key factors influencing included severity, moisture-related climatic (i.e., VPD, precipitation, soil moisture), seasonal variations. Moreover, EBF America less impact drought, benefitted favorable (e.g., precipitation lower VPD), experienced higher variation monthly temperature resulting a faster observed Africa.

Язык: Английский

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Ecotypic Variation in Leaf Thermoregulation and Heat Tolerance but Not Thermal Safety Margins in Tropical Trees

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2024

ABSTRACT To avoid reaching lethal temperatures during periods of heat stress, plants may acclimate either their biochemical thermal tolerance or leaf morphological and physiological characteristics to reduce temperature ( T ). While from warmer environments have a greater capacity regulate , the extent intraspecific variation contribution provenance is relatively unexplored. We tested whether upland lowland provenances four tropical tree species grown in common garden differed safety margins by measuring traits, midday leaf‐to‐air differences (∆ ) critical defined chlorophyll fluorescence crit Provenance was species‐ trait‐specific. Higher ∆ were observed for Terminalia microcarpa Castanospermum australe with no effects other two species. Within‐species covariation led convergence across provenances. future studies should expand number investigated, our findings suggest that not differ substantially vulnerability as determined margins, despite operating .

Язык: Английский

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Conserved responses of water use to evaporative demand in mixed forest across seasons in low subtropical China

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 955, С. 176826 - 176826

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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