bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024
ABSTRACT
Microbes
play
central
roles
in
soil
nutrient
cycling,
yet
a
limited
range
of
microbial
community
characteristics
have
been
used
to
explain
ecosystem
cycling
rates
and
their
importance
relative
plant
abiotic
factors
remains
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
assessed
which
126
commonly
measured
fungal
bacterial
best
explained
nitrogen
(N)
phosphorus
(P)
temperate
forests
the
Northeastern
U.S.,
as
well
contributions
microbial,
plant,
factors.
Using
boosted
regression
tree
modeling,
identified
variables
with
highest
models
explaining
rates:
abundances
ectomycorrhizal
fungi
N-decomposition
genes
from
oligotrophic
bacteria
were
most
important
for
net
ammonification,
indicator
taxa
networks,
nitrifying
bacteria,
copiotrophic
nitrification,
abundance
P-cycling
oxidoreductase
was
phosphate
change.
Microbial
more
variation
than
multivariate
linear
nitrification
release
rates,
but
not
ammonification
largely
by
edaphic
Leaf
litter
traits
also
temperature
soil.
Collectively,
our
findings
suggest
that
N-cycling
capacity
functional
guilds
should
be
incorporated
into
biogeochemical
improve
predictions
understanding
related
ecological
processes.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
242(4), С. 1486 - 1506
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024
Summary
Mycorrhizal
symbioses
between
plants
and
fungi
are
vital
for
the
soil
structure,
nutrient
cycling,
plant
diversity,
ecosystem
sustainability.
More
than
250
000
species
associated
with
mycorrhizal
fungi.
Recent
advances
in
genomics
related
approaches
have
revolutionized
our
understanding
of
biology
ecology
associations.
The
genomes
250+
been
released
hundreds
genes
that
play
pivotal
roles
regulating
symbiosis
development
metabolism
characterized.
rDNA
metabarcoding
metatranscriptomics
provide
novel
insights
into
ecological
cues
driving
communities
functions
expressed
by
these
associations,
linking
to
traits
such
as
acquisition
organic
matter
decomposition.
Here,
we
review
genomic
studies
revealed
involved
uptake
development,
discuss
adaptations
fundamental
evolution
lifestyles.
We
also
evaluated
services
provided
networks
how
hold
promise
sustainable
agriculture
forestry
enhancing
stress
tolerance.
Overall,
unraveling
intricate
dynamics
is
paramount
promoting
sustainability
addressing
current
pressing
environmental
concerns.
This
ends
major
frontiers
further
research.
Mining
significantly
impacts
terrestrial
ecosystems
despite
its
importance
to
the
global
economy.
As
part
of
soil
ecosystems,
fungi
are
highly
responsive
environmental
and
human-induced
drivers,
shifting
community
composition
structure.
Indeed,
play
a
key
role
in
maintaining
ecosystem
resilience.
Thus,
we
aim
address
question
whether
fungal
communities
maintain
similar
ecological
functions
changes
due
impact
mining
across
ecosystems.
To
evaluate
four
with
varying
iron
levels,
used
FUNGuild
database
assign
functional
guilds
at
genus
level.
Co-occurrence
network
ordination
analyses
were
infer
relationships
among
taxa
visualize
correlation
between
edaphic
properties
communities.
A
total
22
identified,
dung
saprotrophs,
wood
parasites,
plant
pathogens,
ectomycorrhizal
fungi,
animal
endophytes
being
most
abundant.
Soil
such
as
pH,
organic
matter,
texture,
nutrients
drive
taxonomic
shifts.
Our
findings
indicate
that
while
activities
shift
compositions
profiles
show
overlap
highly,
moderately,
lowly
impacted
indicating
redundancy.
Network
analysis
reveals
connected
hub
contribute
redundancy
might
act
buffer
against
disturbances.
emphasize
important
potential
for
using
bioindicators
recovery
post-mining
landscapes.
From
restoration
perspective,
this
offers
low-cost,
ecologically
meaningful
tool
monitoring
guiding
reclamation
efforts.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
244(3), С. 980 - 996
Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024
Summary
Effector
secretion
is
crucial
for
root
endophytes
to
establish
and
protect
their
ecological
niche.
We
used
time‐resolved
transcriptomics
monitor
effector
gene
expression
dynamics
in
two
closely
related
Sebacinales,
Serendipita
indica
vermifera
,
during
symbiosis
with
three
plant
species,
competition
the
phytopathogenic
fungus
Bipolaris
sorokiniana
cooperation
root‐associated
bacteria.
observed
increased
response
biotic
interactions,
particularly
plants,
indicating
importance
host
colonization.
Some
effectors
responded
both
plants
microbes,
suggesting
dual
roles
intermicrobial
plant–microbe
interactions.
A
subset
of
putative
antimicrobial
effectors,
including
a
GH18‐CBM5
chitinase,
was
induced
exclusively
by
microbes.
Functional
analyses
this
chitinase
revealed
its
plant‐protective
properties.
conclude
that
dynamic
underpins
ability
Sebacinales
thrive
diverse
niches
single
fungal
contributing
substantially
niche
defense.
Forestry An International Journal of Forest Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Abstract
A
nutrient
availability
experiment
was
carried
out
for
four
years
in
a
mature
mixed
stand
of
Pinus
sylvestris
and
Fagus
sylvatica
the
South-western
Pyrenees
mountains.
Initial
homogeneous
pine
regeneration
(~58
ago)
followed
by
uneven
beech
(~45
ago),
leading
to
current
successional
stage
which
areas
resembling
monospecific
stands
are
at
close
distances
under
comparable
environmental
conditions
pine−beech
areas.
Soil
fine
root
samples
were
collected
beside
trees
three
soil
treatments:
control,
litter
exclusion,
nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium
(NPK)
fertilization.
twice
year
(in
May
October
from
2017
2020),
2018
2020).
fertilization
had
bigger
impact
than
exclusion
on
chemical
parameters,
lower
pH
NH4+
values.
Also,
increases
total
nitrogen,
available
phosphorus,
microbial
phosphorus
found
after
Scots
showed
overall
biomass,
specific
length,
tissue
density
beech,
presenting
also
very
little
response
treatments.
On
other
hand,
higher
biomass
but,
when
fertility
enhanced,
recorded.
negative
effect
over
observed,
as
presence
decreased
growing
near
Beech
not
only
demonstrated
an
elevated
capability
compete
resources
but
greater
plasticity
pine,
enhancing
potential
take
advantage
new
resources.
Our
results
do
support
complementary
niche
partitioning
rather
competitive
interaction
European
has
edge
colonizing
volume
detriment
pine.
