Microbial evolution—An under‐appreciated driver of soil carbon cycling

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Although substantial advances in predicting the ecological impacts of global change have been made, predictions evolutionary lagged behind. In soil ecosystems, microbes act as primary energetic drivers carbon cycling; however, are also capable evolving on timescales comparable to rates change. Given importance ecosystems cycling, we assess potential impact microbial evolution carbon‐climate feedbacks this system. We begin by reviewing current state knowledge concerning response and its specific effect dynamics. Through integration, synthesize a roadmap detailing how integrate into ecosystem biogeochemical models. Specifically, highlight microscale mechanistic models, including choosing an appropriate model (e.g., adaptive dynamics, quantitative genetics), validating with ‘omics’ experimental data, scaling adaptations level processes, ecosystem‐scale measurements. The proposed steps will require significant investment scientific resources might 10–20 years be fully implemented. However, through application multi‐scale integrated approaches, advance integration predictive understanding providing clarity role within broader context environmental

Язык: Английский

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Grassland litter decomposition is accelerated by herbivore dung deposition via changes in bacterial communities

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 385, С. 109557 - 109557

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A trait spectrum linking nitrogen acquisition and carbon use of ectomycorrhizal fungi

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025

Summary Trait spectra have been used in various branches of ecology to explain and predict patterns species distributions. Several categorical continuous traits proposed as relevant for ectomycorrhizal fungi, but a spectrum that unifies co‐varying remains be established tested. Here, we propose nitrogen acquisition carbon use trait fungi nitrogen‐limited forests, which encompasses several morphological, physiological, metabolic traits. Using simple stoichiometric model, the is linked concept apparent efficiency resolves contradiction with high supply host can maintain transfer despite building large mycelial biomass. We suggest fungal are distributed along this spectrum, lifestyles ranging from ‘absorbers’ niche productive forests availability soluble ‘miners’ ability exploit organic matter low availability. Further, ways test outlined empirically.

Язык: Английский

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Models of early destruction of Scots pine needles in the middle taiga of Eastern Fennoscandia

Dokuchaev Soil Bulletin, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122, С. 41 - 61

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

Decomposition of needle litter was studied in a series three successive two-year experiments pine forest. The effect the weather conditions proved to be significant only first two months decomposition. Analysis dynamics degradation our shows early destruction process falls into phases: fast (the warm period, up ~30% mass loss); moderate (from onset cold period second ~55% total slow from loss onward). A comparison empirical data on with asymptotic model revealed 10–13% misfit annual loss. reason is specific features decomposition certain chemical components needles, especially lignin/AUR. An attempt made simulate needles based patterns their various components. resultant and its simplified version quite accurately reflect characteristics but have some substantial limitations.

Язык: Английский

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Photodegradation in terrestrial ecosystems

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2024

Summary The first step in carbon (C) turnover, where senesced plant biomass is converted through various pathways into compounds that are released to the atmosphere or incorporated soil, termed litter decomposition. This review focused on recent advances of how solar radiation can affect this important process terrestrial ecosystems. We explore photochemical degradation and its consequences for biotic decomposition C cycling. ubiquitous presence lignin tissues poses an challenge enzymatic due biological recalcitrance, creating a substantial bottleneck decomposer organisms. recognition also photolabile be rapidly altered by natural doses sunlight increase access cell wall carbohydrates even bolster activity degrading enzymes highlights novel role modulating rates Lignin represents key functional connector between photochemistry biochemistry with our understanding exposure may wide range A mechanistic controls turnover help inform management other decisions related mitigating human impact planet.

Язык: Английский

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Eco‐evolutionary insights into microbial litter decomposition

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243(3), С. 825 - 827

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2024

This article is a Commentary on Chakrawal et al . (2024), 243 : 866–880

Язык: Английский

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Comparing plant litter molecular diversity assessed from proximate analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 197, С. 109517 - 109517

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Accurate representation of the chemical diversity litter in ecosystem-scale models is critical for improving predictions decomposition rates and stabilization plant material into soil organic matter. In this contribution, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate how conventional characterization quality using proximate analysis compares with molecular-scale 13C NMR spectroscopy. Using molecular mixing model, converted shift regions from fractions carbon (C) five compound classes that are major constituents material: carbohydrates, proteins, lignins, lipids, carbonylic compounds. We found positive correlations between acid soluble fraction insoluble lignins. However, acid-soluble underestimated overestimated lignins by 243%. identified two sources uncertainties: i) disparities composition based on hydrolysability actual obtained ii) conversion factors translate constituents. Both uncertainties critical, potentially leading misinterpretations decay models. Consequently, recommend including explicit substrate chemistry data next generation

Язык: Английский

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Soil quality under different tree species in an urban university campus: a multidimensional study

Environmental Earth Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 83(21)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Soil quality and health under different tree species in an urban university campus: A multidimensional study

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Soil is vital to food security and ecosystem nutrient recycling. Rapid infrastructure development projects requiring mineral resource extraction have led an overall decrease in soil quality. Due a higher environmental footprint, cities' quality has declined quickly, which requires continuous monitoring evaluation. Educational institutions are traditionally not taken into account for such monitoring. Thus, the present study investigated health status under 10 different plantations Maharshi Dayanand University located Rohtak city. Using digital volumetric methods, 20 physicochemical parameters nutrients viz. sand, silt, clay, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), macronutrients micronutrients. Sampling was performed at four depths (0-10, 10.1-20, 20.1-30 30.1-40 cm) collect 40 samples. Repeated measures of one-way analysis variance (ANOVA) pairwise comparison were used detect significant differences. Different tree affected significantly (p<0.05). The index value (SNIV) classified sand (3), pH (2.62), Ca²⁺ (2.82), Cu (2.60) Fe (2.65) high fertility class. Network demonstrated effect on OM nutrients. structural stability (SSI) appropriated 50 % samples as thoroughly degraded (SSI<5 %). Principal component (PCA) produced five components designated N, P, most critical chemistry variables. Hierarchical cluster (HCA) 3 clusters species with similar properties. Overall, campus's alkaline, non-saline deficient, surface layers more fertile. F. virens productive. results obtained customized solutions provided this article may help improve campus ans aid sustainable use, conservation management. This also motivate other campuses around globe assess their status.

Язык: Английский

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Synergy and trade-off between plant functional traits enhance grassland multifunctionality under grazing exclusion in a semi-arid region

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 373, С. 123877 - 123877

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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