Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements
Science China Life Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
Abstract
Epigenetic
mechanisms
are
integral
to
plant
growth,
development,
and
adaptation
environmental
stimuli.
Over
the
past
two
decades,
our
comprehension
of
these
complex
regulatory
processes
has
expanded
remarkably,
producing
a
substantial
body
knowledge
on
both
locus-specific
genome-wide
patterns.
Studies
initially
grounded
in
model
Arabidopsis
have
been
broadened
encompass
diverse
array
crop
species,
revealing
multifaceted
roles
epigenetics
physiological
agronomic
traits.
With
recent
technological
advancements,
epigenetic
regulations
at
single-cell
level
large-scale
population
emerging
as
new
focuses.
This
review
offers
an
in-depth
synthesis
regulations,
detailing
catalytic
machinery
functions.
It
delves
into
intricate
interplay
among
various
elements
their
collective
influence
modulation
Furthermore,
it
examines
breakthroughs
technologies
for
modifications
integration
strategies
improvement.
The
underscores
transformative
potential
bolstering
performance,
advocating
development
efficient
tools
fully
exploit
agricultural
benefits
insights.
Язык: Английский
Recent allopolyploidization and transcriptomic asymmetry in the mangrove shrub Acanthus tetraploideus
BMC Genomics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(1)
Опубликована: Май 2, 2025
Mangrove
species
are
vital
to
the
ecosystems
of
tropical
and
subtropical
coastlines
worldwide.
Despite
underexplored
role
polyploidization
in
these
species,
deciphering
its
impact
on
gene
expression
is
essential
for
understanding
connection
between
diversification.
Our
initial
investigation,
integrating
multiple
nuclear
loci
with
morphological
cytological
data,
indicates
that
tetraploid
Acanthus
tetraploideus
likely
originated
from
allopolyploidization
events
involving
diploid
A.
ilicifolius
ebracteatus.
Expanding
insights,
this
study
utilizes
genome-wide
evidence
confirm
divergence
patterns
among
extant
mangrove
diploids
investigate
origin
transcriptome
asymmetry
tetraploideus.
Phylogenetic
analysis
molecular
dating
revealed
a
closer
evolutionary
relationship
ebracteatus
volubilis
than
ilicifolius,
diverged
approximately
6.92
Mya
9.59
Mya,
respectively.
Analysis
individual
whole
transcriptomes
homeologous
sequences
were
preferentially
clustered
ebracteatus,
rather
volubilis,
roughly
1:1
ratio.
The
high
similarity
nucleotide
homologous
polymorphisms
two
parental
diploids,
supports
hypothesis
recent
allopolyploid
Estimation
homeolog
general
attenuation
compared
silico
mix,
22.87%
67.66%
genes
exhibiting
biased
expression,
Further
investigation
identified
remarkable
retention
dominance
tetraploid,
suggesting
genetic
legacy
substantially
influences
reconfiguration
derived
tetraploid.
Meanwhile,
observation
numerous
novel
sets
suggests
shock
(i.e.,
transcriptomic
changes
induced
by
interspecific
hybridization)
associated
subsequent
post-polyploid
processes
also
significantly
While
no
strong
directly
links
specific
adaptive
traits,
unbiased
novelly
suggest
adaptations
stable
polyploidy.
Unbiased
involved
fundamental
cellular
related
chromosome
dynamics
cell
cycle
regulation
may
stabilize
polyploid
genomes,
supporting
species'
establishment
long-term
success.
These
findings
underscore
stability
adaptation.
sheds
light
origins
intricate
transcriptional
insights
enhance
our
comprehension
pivotal
plays
speciation
adaptative
evolution
species.
Язык: Английский
Epigenetic perspectives on wheat speciation, adaptation, and development
Trends in Genetics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
In vitro induction of tetraploids and their phenotypic and transcriptome analysis in Glehnia littoralis
BMC Plant Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Май 22, 2024
Abstract
Background
Glehnia
littoralis
is
a
medicinal
and
edible
plant
species
having
commercial
value
has
several
hundred
years
of
cultivation
history.
Polyploid
breeding
one
the
most
important
fastest
ways
to
generate
novel
varieties.
To
obtain
tetraploids
G.
in
vitro,
colchicine
treatment
was
given
seeds
then
were
screened
based
on
morphology,
flow
cytometry,
root
tip
pressing
assays.
Furthermore,
transcriptome
analysis
performed
identity
differentially
expressed
genes
associated
with
phenotypic
changes
tetraploid
.
Results
The
results
showed
that
0.05%
(w/v)
for
48
h
effective
inducing
(2n
=
4x
44)
superior
leaf
area,
thickness,
petiole
diameter,
SPAD
(Chl
SPAD),
stomatal
size,
epidermal
tissues
palisade
spongy
thickness
diploid
ones,
while
density
significantly
lower.
Transcriptome
sequencing
revealed,
total
1336
(DEGs)
between
diploids.
Chromosome
doubling
may
lead
DNA
content
change
gene
dosage
effect,
which
directly
affects
quantitative
traits,
such
as
increased
chlorophyll
content,
larger
stomata
thicker
tissue
leaves.
Several
up-regulated
DEGs
found
related
growth
development
CKI
,
PPDK
hisD
MDP1
KEGG
pathway
enrichment
analyses
enriched
metabolic
pathways.
Conclusions
This
first
report
successful
induction
information
presented
this
study
facilitate
programs
molecular
Язык: Английский
Integrated multi-omics reveals contrasting epigenetic patterns in leaf and root morphogenesis in Aegilops speltoides
The Crop Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Reshaping epigenomic landscapes in facilitating the speciation of bread wheat
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024
Summary
Polyploidization
is
a
driving
force
of
wheat
evolution
and
speciation,
yet
its
impact
on
epigenetic
regulation
gene
expression
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
constructed
high-resolution
landscape
across
leaves,
spikes,
roots
hexaploidy
tetraploid
diploid
relatives.
Inter-species
stable-expression
genes
exhibited
conserved
amino
acid
sequences
under
strong
purifying
selection,
while
dynamic-expression
were
linked
to
species-specific
adaptation.
During
hexaploidization,
dominant
D-subgenome
homoeolog
was
suppressed
via
reduced
activating
signals,
converging
with
the
A
B
subgenomes.
Proximal
chromatin
regions
near
more
stable,
whereas
distal
regions,
particularly
enhancer-like
elements
mediated
by
H3K27ac
H3K4me3,
exhibit
higher
dynamism.
Sequence
variations
in
these
enhancers
lead
differential
regulation,
influencing
traits
such
as
spike
development.
For
instance,
two
haplotypes
dCRE
region
TaDEP-B1
resulted
significant
differences
spikelet
numbers.
We
also
observed
coevolution
transcription
factors
their
binding
sites,
within
expanded
ERF
family,
which
regulates
morphology.
This
study
highlights
interplay
between
sequence
variation
modifications
shaping
transcriptional
during
offering
valuable
insights
for
genetic
improvement.
Язык: Английский