Contrasting water, dry matter and air contents distinguish orthophylls, sclerophylls and succophylls (leaf succulents)
Oecologia,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
207(4)
Опубликована: Март 20, 2025
Differences
in
leaf
texture
(hardness,
thickness)
distinguish
orthophylls
(soft
leaves),
sclerophylls
(hard
leaves)
and
(semi)succophylls
(water-storing
leaves).
Texture
is
controlled
by
dry
matter,
water
air
contents.
Our
aim
was
to
a)
identify
the
best
index
of
succulence,
b)
assess
how
these
three
components
vary
with
type,
c)
derive
bounds
for
properties
among
four
main
leaf-texture
classes.
Eight
contrasting
species
from
Namib
Desert,
South
Africa
were
assessed
their
area
(A),
thickness
(z),
mass
(D),
saturated
content
(Q),
relative
volume
various
indices
texture.
Q/A
(=
QV•z),
where
QV
storage
per
unit
z
an
ideal
succulence.
Specific
(SLA)
more
suitable
as
hardness
(SLA-1
=
D/A)
but
only
non-succulents.
Rising
specific
gravity
sclero-orthophylls
due
replacement
matter
succophylls.
Collation
13
worldwide
studies
showed
that
can
be
distinguished
a
≤
0.45
mg
mm-2
surface
succophylls
≥
0.9,
such
there
divergent
relationship
plants
regarding
water-storing
properties.
Semi-succophylls
defined
having
>
<
separated
SLA
10
mm2
mg-1
mass.
The
distribution
classes
may
greatly
within,
especially
between,
local
floras.
Язык: Английский
Species richness − environmental diversity relationships are shaped by the underlying species − area curves and negative secondary effects
Theoretical Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Large dataset analyses advance knowledge of seed ecology and evolutionary biology
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
242(6), С. 2399 - 2400
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024
While
scientists
have
long
recognized
the
role
of
seeds
in
life
plants,
a
mechanistic
understanding
seed
functions
has
emerged
only
past
two
decades
as
result
fruitful
communication
between
physiologists
and
ecologists
(Vleeshouwers
et
al.,
1995;
Vázquez-Yanes
&
Orozco-Segovia,
1996;
Finch-Savage
Leubner-Metzger,
2006;
Baskin
Baskin,
2014).
This
cooperation
facilitated
establishment
scientific
agenda
with
main
topics
hypotheses
that
need
to
be
quantitatively
tested
across
diversity
plants
at
different
spatial
phylogenetic
scales
(Saatkamp
2019).
Over
this
period,
thanks
availability
data
open
science
sources
(ENSCOBASE
(www.enscobase.maich.gr),
SER-SID
(www.ser-sid.org),
TRY
(www.try-db.org)),
number
long-standing
been
global
or
continental
scales,
including
questions
related
dispersal
space
time
(Chen
2020),
persistence
soil
seedbanks
(Gioria
2020)
germination
(Sentinella
–
is,
three
fundamental
functions.
still
far
from
synthesis
extant
spermatophytes,
progress
achieved
thus
provided
baseline
for
analytical
management
large
datasets
accounting
their
inherent
heterogeneity
complexity.
In
context,
we
recently
published
study
on
kinds
(classes)
dormancy
world's
biomes
(Rosbakh
2023).
shared
evolutionary
history
among
species,
formally
hypothesis
biogeography
(Jurado
Flores,
2005;
2014)
regarding
whether
macroscale
variability
temperature,
precipitation
fire
regime
drives
distribution
classes.
To
address
oversight
previous
broad-scale
correlation
studies,
which
did
not
consider
driver
evolution
(Pausas
2022),
also
included
potential
explanatory
factor
dormancy.
Beyond
specific
inquiry,
our
broader
was,
always
been,
bring
forefront
discourse
plant
ecology
evolution.
The
response
by
Pausas
al.
(2024)
suggests
mission
was
indeed
accomplished,
it
sparked
debate.
We
thank
dedicating
scrutinize
paper
providing
opinion.
For
sake
brevity,
here
will
focus
opinion
parts
letter
actually
article.
al.'s
primary
contention
is
selection
length
season
(PFSL;
Senande-Rivera
2022)
an
appropriate
predictor
pyroclimate
purported
alternative
predictors
inter-annual
environmental
variables,
particularly
those
delineating
regimes.
point
out
climate
seasonality
fire-prone
ecosystems
can
further
confound
results,
they
argue
more
comprehensive
consideration
such
crucial
unveiling
true
mechanisms
underpinning
nonrandom
patterns
fully
agree
these
views,
them
article
(paragraph
6
discussion;
Rosbakh
maintain
should
important
influence
than
add
'…
seasonal
no
clear
causal
basis'.
Since
view
strong
contrast
analysis,
(Baskin
elegant
experiments
(Donohue
Huang
2010),
testable
argumentation
evaluating
relative
effects
would
helpful.
Such
might
propose
natural
comparing
habitats
prevent
vegetation
exist
under
range
climatic
seasonalities
(e.g.
sparse
cliff
aquatic
vegetation).
yet
tested,
habitat
specialists
temperate
wetlands
cliffs
suggest
increase
drop
compared
adjacent
habitats.
Wetland
even
show
stronger
development
banks
Mediterranean
(Metzner
2017).
Moving
forward,
despite
advancements
techno-scientific
methods
science,
plant–environmental
interactions
remains
hindered
paucity
high-resolution
temporal
climate,
disturbance
regimes)
scales.
challenge
exemplified
reliance
PFSL
pyroclimate,
since
detailed
timing,
duration
severity
are
readily
available
scale.
low
predictive
power
dormancy-(pyro)climate
models
underscores
future
research
grounded
improved
theory
data.
end,
like
take
opportunity
highlight
dataset
includes
species
geographic
10
K
supplement
invite
fellow
researchers
complete
conduct
own
analysis
using
best
judgement.
firmly
believe
repeating
analyses
all
tool
advancing
Only
through
sharing
transparent
able
advantage
technological
developments
continue
incremental
ever-imperfect
pursuit
knowledge
research.
Sergey
appreciates
financial
support
NovoNordisk
Foundation
(Starting
grant
NNF22OC0078703).
None
declared.
SR
wrote
first
draft
response;
authors
contributed
MS
editing.
Data
used
(species
corresponding
classes)
(2023)
original
Zenodo:
https://zenodo.org/records/10207191
(DOI
10.5281/zenodo.10207190).
Язык: Английский
Fire and seed dormancy: A global meta-analysis
Annals of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024
Abstract
Background
and
Aims
Fire-released
seed
dormancy
(SD)
is
a
key
trait
for
successful
germination
plant
persistence
in
many
fire-prone
ecosystems.
Many
local
studies
have
shown
that
fire-released
SD
depends
on
heat
exposure
time,
dose
of
smoke-derived
compounds,
class,
lineage
the
fire
regime.
However,
global
quantitative
analysis
lacking.
We
hypothesized
more
prevalent
than
non-fire-prone
ecosystems,
crown-fire
compared
to
surface-fire
Additionally,
uncovering
patterns
relationship
between
cues
classes
at
scale
mirror
those
identified
or
regional
was
expected.
Methods
Totally,
246
published
during
1970-2022,
encompassing
1782
species
from
128
families
used
our
meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis
moderators
included
different
cues,
smoke
application
methods,
duration
concentration,
fire-proneness,
regimes,
ecosystem
types.
Key
Results
Heat
released
physical,
physiological
morphophysiological
dormancies.
For
release,
acted
synergistically,
KAR1
most
effective
compound.
regions;
particularly
under
crown
regimes.
occurred
mainly
Mediterranean
temperate
dry
forests,
warm
whereas
savannas
tropical
grasslands,
rainforests
generally
responded
negatively
fire.
Conclusions
strongly
influenced
by
regimes
latter
with
significant
role
shaping
scale.
The
synergistic
effect
release
reveals
intricate
interactions
previously
understood.
Understanding
these
crucial
context
shifting
driven
climate
change,
as
they
may
disrupt
life
cycles,
alter
functions,
biodiversity,
community
composition
provide
insights
biodiversity
conservation
ecological
restoration
Язык: Английский