Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions

International Journal of Oral Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of oral cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% malignancies and impairs appearance, pronunciation, swallowing, flavor perception. In 2020, 377,713 OSCC cases were reported globally. According to Global Cancer Observatory (GCO), incidence will rise by 40% 2040, accompanied a growth in mortality. Persistent exposure various risk factors, including tobacco, alcohol, betel quid (BQ), human papillomavirus (HPV), lead development potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which are lesions with an increased developing into OSCC. Complex multifactorial, oncogenesis process involves genetic alteration, epigenetic modification, dysregulated tumor microenvironment. Although therapeutic interventions, such as chemotherapy, radiation, immunotherapy, nanomedicine, have been proposed prevent or treat OPMDs, understanding mechanism facilitate identification prognostic thereby improving efficacy treatment patients. This review summarizes mechanisms involved Moreover, current interventions methods OPMDs discussed comprehension provide several prospective outlooks fields.

Язык: Английский

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Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Tumours of the Oral Cavity and Mobile Tongue

Head and Neck Pathology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1), С. 54 - 62

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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An Evidence-Based Update on the Potential for Malignancy of Oral Lichen Planus and Related Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cancers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 608 - 608

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

A systematic review and a meta-analysis is presented on published articles the malignant transformation of oral lichen planus (OLP) related conditions, which, based current evidence, updates an earlier by our research group that included publications until November 2018. In this updated study (Nov-2023) we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web Science, Scopus. We evaluated methodological quality studies (QUIPS tool) carried out meta-analyses. The inclusion criteria were met 101 (38,083 patients), 20 new primary-level (11,512 patients) in last 5 years added to study. pooled ratio was 1.43% (95% CI = 1.09-1.80) for OLP; 1.38% 0.16-3.38) lichenoid lesions; 1.20% 0.00-4.25) reactions; 5.13% 1.90-9.43) OLP with dysplasia. No significant differences found between OLL or LR groups subgroup (

Язык: Английский

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Update on the Epidemiological Features and Clinical Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(5), С. 1047 - 1047

Опубликована: Май 18, 2022

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted (STI) worldwide. Although HPV infections will spontaneously resolve, a considerable proportion of them persist, increasing risk anogenital dysplasia, especially within certain populations, such as patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Furthermore, high-risk oncogenic types (HR-HPV) are main cause cervix and other cancers, cancer vagina, vulva, penis, or anus. HIV coinfection among people living (PLWH) but disproportionally affects men who have sex (MSM) for whom rate persistent reinfection noteworthy. The molecular interactions between HPV, well interplay both viruses immune system, increasingly being understood. dysfunction induced by impairs clearance increases its risk. Despite availability effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), incidence several HPV-related cancers higher in PLWH, burden disease has become significant concern an aging population. Several public health strategies been developed to reduce transmission mitigate consequences this type coinfection. Universal vaccination preventive tool disease. In addition, screening programs cervical vulvovaginal diseases women well-recognized prevent cancer. Similarly, anal dysplasia implemented worldwide prevention PLWH. Herein, epidemiological features clinical implications reviewed, focusing mainly on relationship status current used

Язык: Английский

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Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer: A Complex Polyhedral Problem with a Difficult Solution

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(13), С. 3270 - 3270

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023

Oral and oropharyngeal cancers are a growing problem, accounting for 377,713 98,412 new cases per year all over the world 177,757 48,143 deaths annually, respectively. Despite substantial improvement in diagnostic procedures treatment techniques recent years, mortality rate has not decreased substantially last 40 which is still close to 50% of cases. The major cause responsible this high associated with percentage oral diagnosed advanced stages (stages III IV) where harbors poor efficacy, resulting challenges, mutilations, or disability. main reason cancer be at an stage delay, so it critical reduce delay order improve prognosis patients suffering from cancer. causes complex concern patients, healthcare professionals, services. In manuscript, critically reviewed based on current evidence, as well their causes, problems, potential strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Is Candida albicans a contributor to cancer? A critical review based on the current evidence

Microbiological Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 272, С. 127370 - 127370

Опубликована: Март 30, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Convolutional neural networks for accurate real-time diagnosis of oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma using high-resolution in vivo confocal microscopy

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Abstract Oral cancer detection is based on biopsy histopathology, however with digital microscopy imaging technology there real potential for rapid multi-site and simultaneous diagnostic analysis. Fifty-nine patients oral mucosal abnormalities were imaged in vivo a confocal laser endomicroscope using the contrast agents acriflavine fluorescein of epithelial dysplasia cancer. To analyse 9168 images frames obtained, three tandem applied pre-trained Inception-V3 convolutional neural network (CNN) models developed transfer learning PyTorch framework. The first CNN was used to filter image quality, followed by specific triage acriflavine, respectively. Images categorised histopathological diagnosis into 4 categories: no dysplasia, lichenoid lesions, low-grade high-grade dysplasia/oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). quality filtering model had an accuracy 89.5%. performed well identifying (AUC = 0.94) 0.91) but poorly 0.44) or dysplasia/OSCC 0.28). In contrast, high classification performance all classes range 0.90–0.96). These speed less than 1/10th second per image. Our study suggests that CNNs can provide highly accurate real-time assessment high-risk disease.

Язык: Английский

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Letter to the Editor: “A Deep Learning System to Predict Epithelial Dysplasia in Oral Leukoplakia”

Journal of Dental Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prediction of malignant transformation and recurrence of oral epithelial dysplasia using architectural and cytological feature specific prognostic models

Modern Pathology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 35(9), С. 1151 - 1159

Опубликована: Март 31, 2022

Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is a precursor state usually preceding oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Histological grading the current gold standard for OED prognostication but subjective and variable with unreliable outcome prediction. We explore if individual histological features can be used to develop evaluate prognostic models malignant transformation recurrence Digitised tissue slides cohort of 109 cases were reviewed by three expert pathologists, where prevalence agreement architectural cytological was assessed association clinical outcomes analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression Kaplan-Meier curves. Within cohort, most prevalent basal hyperplasia (72%) irregular surface keratin (60%), least common verrucous (26%), loss cohesion (30%), lymphocytic band dyskeratosis (34%). Several significant (p < 0.036) 0.015) including bulbous rete pegs, hyperchromatism, cohesion, stratification, suprabasal mitoses nuclear pleomorphism. This led us propose two scoring systems '6-point model' six showing greater statistical (bulbous mitoses, pleomorphism) 'two-point highest inter-pathologist (loss pegs). Both 'six point' 'two showed good predictive ability (AUROC ≥ 0.774 0.726 recurrence) further improvement when age, gender grade added. These results demonstrate correlation between prognosis first time. The proposed have potential simplify aid patient management. Validation on larger multicentre cohorts prospective analysis needed establish their usefulness in practice.

Язык: Английский

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Significance of p53 overexpression in the prediction of the malignant transformation risk of oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Oral Oncology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 126, С. 105734 - 105734

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

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