The ecology of polyploid establishment and exclusion, with implications for polyploid biogeography
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025
The
relationship
between
polyploid
formation,
triploid
fitness
and
plant
reproduction
has
been
studied
for
over
a
century,
uniparental
long
recognized
to
play
crucial
role
in
establishment.
Yet,
we
lack
synthesized
framework
of
how
establishment
is
expected
be
influenced
by
different
reproductive
modes
among
angiosperms.
Here,
provide
new
perspectives
on
reproduction,
pollination
ecology,
assortative
mating
can
impact
minority
cytotype
exclusion
(MCE)
and,
thereby,
the
likelihood
We
review
current
state
knowledge
mechanisms
that
discuss
often
overlooked
aspects
these
processes,
such
as
influence
pollinator
communities
rates
self-pollination.
propose
considering
variation
strategies
ability
overcome
MCE.
Finally,
links
patterns
across
observed
distribution
abundance
polyploids.
Язык: Английский
Doubling down on polyploid discoveries: Global advances in genomics and ecological impacts of polyploidy
American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
111(8)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Abstract
All
flowering
plants
are
now
recognized
as
diploidized
paleopolyploids
(Jiao
et
al.,
2011;
One
Thousand
Plant
Transcriptomes
Initiative,
2019),
and
polyploid
species
comprise
approximately
30%
of
contemporary
plant
(Wood
2009;
Barker
2016a).
A
major
implication
these
discoveries
is
that,
to
appreciate
the
evolution
diversity,
we
need
understand
fundamental
biology
polyploids
diploidization.
This
broadly
by
our
community
there
a
continued,
growing
interest
in
polyploidy
research
topic.
Over
past
25
years,
sequencing
analysis
genomes
has
revolutionized
understanding
importance
speciation
land
plants.
Язык: Английский
Expanding the toolkit for ploidy manipulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 21, 2025
Whole-genome
duplications,
widely
observed
in
plant
lineages,
have
significant
evolutionary
and
ecological
impacts.
Yet,
our
current
understanding
of
the
direct
implications
ploidy
shifts
on
short-
long-term
evolution
remains
fragmentary,
necessitating
further
investigations
across
multiple
levels.
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii
is
a
valuable
model
organism
with
profound
potential
to
study
impact
increase
longer
term
laboratory
environment.
This
partly
due
ability
level.
We
developed
strategy
engineer
C.
using
noninterfering,
antibiotic,
selectable
markers.
approach
allows
us
induce
higher
levels
applicable
field
isolates,
which
expands
beyond
specific
auxotroph
strains
broadens
genetic
diversity
parental
haploid
that
can
be
crossed.
implement
flow
cytometry
for
precise
measurement
genome
size
different
ploidy.
demonstrate
creation
diploids,
triploids,
tetraploids
by
engineering
North
American
broadening
application
synthetic
biology
principles
reinhardtii.
However,
newly
formed
triploids
show
signs
rapid
aneuploidization.
Our
greatly
facilitates
polyploidy,
both
fundamental
applied
settings.
Язык: Английский
Distribution and morphological differentiation of native alder taxa (Alnus Mill.) in the Iberian Peninsula
Flora,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
326, С. 152723 - 152723
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025
Язык: Английский
Special issue.: The role of whole genome duplication in evolutionary ecology
Oikos,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2024(5)
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024
Polyploid
organisms
are
common
and
can
be
found
across
the
tree
of
life.
A
key
question
is
to
understand
how
why
these
polyploid
lineages
become
established
persist
in
populations,
particularly
since
they
predicted
have
a
low
probability
success.
While
collection
papers
this
special
issue
addresses
broad
questions
on
evolutionary
ecology
polyploids,
ultimately,
studies
also
highlight
myriad
ways
that
we
examining
what
drives
success
lineages.
In
paper
consider
where
we've
been
challenges
face,
then
propose
several
directions
will
allow
us
continue
propel
field
towards
our
ultimate
goal
understanding
rules
govern
establishment
persistence
populations.
We
conclude
developing
rule
set
require
combination
model
systems
for
which
detailed
knowledge
phylogenetic
population
genetic
history,
expanding
perspective
beyond
plants
include
greater
taxonomic
breadth,
conducting
ecologically
relevant
settings.
Additionally,
argue
future
research
polyploidy
should
focus
integrating
theory
empirical
research,
providing
mechanistic
linkages
between
effects
whole
genome
duplication
demography,
build
predictive
framework
anthropogenic
change
impact
organisms.
Язык: Английский
The immediate metabolomic effects of whole‐genome duplication in the greater duckweed, Spirodela polyrhiza
American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
111(8)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Abstract
Premise
In
plants,
whole‐genome
duplication
(WGD)
is
a
common
mutation
with
profound
evolutionary
potential.
Given
the
costs
associated
superfluous
genome
copy,
polyploid
establishment
enigmatic.
However,
in
right
environment,
immediate
phenotypic
changes
following
WGD
can
facilitate
establishment.
Metabolite
abundances
are
direct
output
of
cell's
regulatory
network
and
determine
much
impact
environmental
genetic
change
on
phenotype.
While
it
well
known
that
an
increase
bulk
amount
material
cell
size,
gene
dosage
multiplication
metabolome
remains
largely
unknown.
Methods
We
used
untargeted
metabolomics
four
genetically
distinct
diploid‐neoautotetraploid
pairs
greater
duckweed,
Spirodela
polyrhiza
,
to
investigate
how
affects
metabolite
per
biomass.
Results
Autopolyploidy
increased
levels
cell,
but
response
individual
metabolites
varied
considerably.
level
biomass
was
restricted
because
size
reduced
concentration
cell.
Nevertheless,
we
detected
both
quantitative
qualitative
effects
metabolome.
Many
were
strain‐specific,
some
shared
by
all
strains.
Conclusions
The
nature
metabolic
after
depended
strongly
genotype.
Dosage
have
potential
alter
plant
qualitatively
quantitatively,
balanced
out
reduction
due
this
species.
Язык: Английский
A metabolic perspective on polyploid invasion and the emergence of life histories: Insights from a mechanistic model
American Journal of Botany,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
111(8)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Abstract
Premise
Whole‐genome
duplication
(WGD,
polyploidization)
has
been
identified
as
a
driver
of
genetic
and
phenotypic
novelty,
having
pervasive
consequences
for
the
evolution
lineages.
While
polyploids
are
widespread,
especially
among
plants,
long‐term
establishment
is
exceedingly
rare.
Genome
doubling
commonly
results
in
increased
cell
sizes
metabolic
expenses,
which
may
be
sufficient
to
modulate
polyploid
environments
where
their
diploid
ancestors
thrive.
Methods
We
developed
mechanistic
simulation
model
photosynthetic
individuals
test
whether
changes
size
efficiency
allow
autopolyploids
coexist
with,
or
even
invade,
ancestral
populations.
Central
efficiency,
determines
how
energy
obtained
from
size‐dependent
production
allocated
basal
metabolism
opposed
somatic
reproductive
growth.
expected
neopolyploids
establish
successfully
if
they
have
equal
higher
diploids
adapt
life
history
offset
inefficiency.
Results
Polyploid
invasion
was
observed
across
wide
range
differences
between
diploids.
Polyploids
became
established
populations
when
had
lower
facilitated
by
recurrent
formation.
Competition
nutrients
major
population
dynamics
this
model.
Perenniality
did
not
qualitatively
affect
relative
tetraploids
tended
establish.
Conclusions
Feedback
allocation
generated
age
plants
with
different
ploidies.
demonstrated
that
small
polyploids.
Язык: Английский
The Rise of Polyploids During Environmental Catastrophes
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2024
Polyploidy,
or
whole-genome
duplication
(WGD),
both
a
strong
evolutionary
and
ecological
force
potential
pitfall,
occurs
extensively
across
the
tree
of
life,
particularly
in
angiosperms.
While
polyploid
organisms
are
prevalent,
ancient
polyploidy
(paleopolyploidy)
is
decisively
rare.
Numerous
studies
have
revealed
adaptive
changes
at
genomic,
cellular,
physiological
levels
that
confer
advantages
to
polyploids,
but
factors
contributing
their
long-term
success
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
assembled
large
angiosperm
genome
dataset
encompassing
470
different
species.
We
reconstructed
highly
concordant
timescale
angiosperms
conducted
large-scale
study
identify
date
WGDs
this
set
unveiled
132
independent
WGD
events
do
not
seem
randomly
distributed
time,
clustered
around
periods
great
environmental
upheaval.
observed
majority
paleopolyploidizations
occurred
between
50
75
mya,
coinciding
with
Paleocene-Eocene
Thermal
Maximum
Cretaceous-Paleogene
(K-Pg)
boundary.
A
more
recent
wave
can
be
25
40
glaciation
expansion,
rapid
shifts
sea
surface
temperatures,
marked
decrease
global
mean
temperature.
Integrating
lines
evidence,
argue
polyploids
an
increased
chance
survival
during
times
turmoil.
Язык: Английский
Whole-genome duplication in the Multicellularity Long Term Evolution Experiment
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024
ABSTRACT
Whole-genome
duplication
(WGD)
is
widespread
across
eukaryotes
and
can
promote
adaptive
evolution
1–4
.
However,
given
the
instability
of
newly-formed
polyploid
genomes
5–7
,
understanding
how
WGDs
arise
in
a
population,
persist,
underpin
adaptations
remains
challenge.
Using
our
ongoing
Multicellularity
Long
Term
Evolution
Experiment
(MuLTEE)
8
we
show
that
diploid
snowflake
yeast
(
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
)
under
selection
for
larger
multicellular
size
rapidly
undergo
spontaneous
WGD.
From
its
origin
within
first
50
days
experiment,
tetraploids
persist
next
950
(nearly
5,000
generations,
current
leading
edge
experiment)
ten
replicate
populations,
despite
being
genomically
unstable.
synthetic
reconstruction,
biophysical
modeling,
counter-selection
experiments,
found
tetraploidy
evolved
because
it
confers
immediate
fitness
benefits
this
environment,
by
producing
larger,
longer
cells
yield
clusters.
The
same
selective
benefit
also
maintained
over
long
evolutionary
timescales,
inhibiting
reversion
to
diploidy
typically
seen
laboratory
experiments.
Once
established,
facilitated
novel
genetic
routes
adaptation,
playing
key
role
macroscopic
via
evolutionarily
conserved
aneuploidy.
These
results
provide
unique
empirical
insights
into
dynamics
impacts
WGD,
showing
initially
due
benefits,
be
selection,
fuel
long-term
innovations
creating
additional
dimensions
heritable
variation.
Язык: Английский
Functional traits and soil water availability shape competitive interactions in a diploid-polyploid complex
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2024
Summary
Even
within
those
polyploid
plant
species
that
become
established
initially,
only
a
few
persist
in
the
long
term.
Competitive
interactions
between
polyploids
and
their
ancestral
cytotypes
secondary
contact
zones
can
contribute
to
local
extinctions.
Environmental
factors
such
as
water
availability
functional
trait
divergence
may
influence
these
interactions.
We
conducted
greenhouse
competition
experiment
with
four
(2x,
4x,
6x,
12x)
of
Dianthus
broteri
under
two
contrasting
irrigation
regimes.
estimated
niche
fitness
differences
predicted
pairwise
competitive
outcomes.
Additionally,
we
explored
leaf
physiological
traits
(SLA,
A
N
,
g
s
LDMC,
F
v
/F
m
i
WUE)
on
Soil
modified
dynamics
exclusion.
Under
high
availability,
lower
ploidy
levels
(2x
4x)
outcompeted
higher
(12x,
6x),
while
latter
exhibited
greater
abilities
low
availability.
These
were
explained
by
related
effects
(SLA)
tolerance
(A
WUE).
Synthesis:
Our
study
emphasizes
long-term
fate
largely
depends
having
advantage
arid
environments.
This
ultimately
highlights
role
shaping
cytotypes.
Язык: Английский