Variations in Acorn Traits in Two Oak Species: Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb. and Quercus variabilis Blume

Forests, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(12), С. 1755 - 1755

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2021

Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb. and Q. variabilis Blume are two main oak species in China, producing large amounts of acorns every year. However, the trait variations acorns, as a promising energy crop material, not fully understood, hence we compared traits from different populations with altered geographic distribution this study. Thirteen acorn traits, including phenotype, proximate compositions functional compounds, were analyzed both L. collected 44 across China. The results showed that, except differences found among accessions sizes, starch varied 140.96–297.09 mg/g 130.99–306.28 variabilis, indicating its substantial populations. total polyphenols, flavonoids soluble tannins 41.76–158.92, 23.43–91.94, 15.11–17.81 mg/g, respectively, mongolica, 89.36–188.37, 50.59–116.07, 15.24–17.33 demonstrating their levels polyphenols Moreover, North China Southwest had higher polyphenols. As geographical location approached species, difference sizes gradually increased, while that opposite. Principal component analysis cluster further revealed became larger less increasing latitudes species. In small high which was contrary to those variabilis. These findings indicated closely associated distribution. Thus, our will provide references for selection breeding starch, or low regions.

Язык: Английский

---

Population structure in Quercus suber L. revealed by nuclear microsatellite markers

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10, С. e13565 - e13565

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2022

Quercus suber L. is a sclerophyllous tree species native to the western Mediterranean, region that considered highly vulnerable increased temperatures and severe dry conditions due environmental changes. Understanding population structure demographics of Q. essential in order anticipate whether populations at greater risk as whole have genetic background reproductive dynamics enable rapid adaptation. The diversity has been subject different studies using both chloroplast nuclear data, but patterns remain unclear. Here, we perform analyses on 13 microsatellite markers, analysed 17 distinct locations across entire range species. Structure revealed may contain three major clusters likely result from isolation refugia combined with posterior admixture putative introgression other Our results show more complex scenario than previously inferred for markers suggest southern high levels variation contribute resilience context change adaptive pressure.

Язык: Английский

---

Key triggers of adaptive genetic variability of sessile oak [Q. petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] from the Balkan refugia: outlier detection and association of SNP loci from ddRAD-seq data

Heredity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 131(2), С. 130 - 144

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023

Abstract Knowledge on the genetic composition of Quercus petraea in south-eastern Europe is limited despite species’ significant role re-colonisation during Holocene, and diverse climate physical geography region. Therefore, it imperative to conduct research adaptation sessile oak better understand its ecological significance While large sets SNPs have been developed for species, there a continued need smaller that are highly informative about possible this varied landscape. By using double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing data from our previous study, we mapped RAD-seq loci robur reference genome identified set putatively related drought stress-response. A total 179 individuals eighteen natural populations at sites covering heterogeneous climatic conditions southeastern distribution range Q. were genotyped. The detected polymorphic variant revealed three clusters with generally low level differentiation balanced diversity among them but showed north–southeast gradient. Selection tests nine outlier positioned different functional regions. Genotype-environment association analysis these markers yielded 53 associations, explaining 2.4–16.6% variation. Our work exemplifies may be under selection examined populations.

Язык: Английский

---

Genomic insights into local adaptation and vulnerability of Quercus longinux to climate change

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2024

Abstract Background Climate change is expected to alter the factors that drive changes in adaptive variation. This especially true for species with long life spans and limited dispersal capabilities. Rapid climate may disrupt migration of beneficial genetic variations, making it challenging them keep up changing environments. Understanding variations tree crucial conservation effective forest management. Our study used landscape genomic analyses phenotypic traits from a thorough sampling across entire range Quercus longinux , an oak native Taiwan, investigate signals adaptation within this species. Results Using ecological data, traits, 1,933 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 205 individuals, we classified three groups, which were also phenotypically ecologically divergent. Thirty-five genes related drought freeze resistance displayed signatures natural selection. The variation was driven by diverse environmental pressures such as low spring precipitation, annual temperature, soil grid sizes. linear-regression-based methods, identified isolation environment (IBE) optimal model SNPs. Redundancy analysis (RDA) further revealed substantial joint influence demography, geology, environments, suggesting covariation between gradients colonization history. Lastly, utilized estimate offset each individual under scenarios. required distance are larger severe climates. prediction reveals potential threats edge populations northern southeastern Taiwan due escalating temperatures precipitation reallocation. Conclusions We demonstrate intricate heterogeneity on some rarely studied factors, including wind speed features. Furthermore, predicted Q. lower elevations might face higher risks local extinctions change.

Язык: Английский

---

Applications of CRISPR Technologies in Forestry and Molecular Wood Biotechnology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(21), С. 11792 - 11792

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2024

Forests worldwide are under increasing pressure from climate change and emerging diseases, threatening their vital ecological economic roles. Traditional breeding approaches, while valuable, inherently slow limited by the long generation times existing genetic variation of trees. CRISPR technologies offer a transformative solution, enabling precise efficient genome editing to accelerate development climate-resilient productive forests. This review provides comprehensive overview applications in forestry, exploring its potential for enhancing disease resistance, improving abiotic stress tolerance, modifying wood properties, accelerating growth. We discuss mechanisms various systems, including base editing, prime multiplexing strategies. Additionally, we highlight recent advances overcoming key challenges such as reagent delivery plant regeneration, which crucial successful implementation also delve into ethical considerations using gene drive population-level alterations, well importance containment strategies mitigating risks. emphasizes need continued research, technological advancements, extensive long-term field trials, public engagement, responsible innovation fully harness power shaping sustainable future

Язык: Английский

---

Genetic diversity and structure of Oriental and European beech populations from Iran and Europe

Silvae genetica/Silvae Genetica, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 69(1), С. 55 - 62

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

Abstract Genetic variation is a major component of plant development and adaptation, recent studies have shown that genetic among species can important ecological effects. Oriental beech ( Fagus orientalis Lipsky) dominant tree in the Hyrcanian forests, where it occupies approximately 18 % forested area. In this study, nine expressed sequence tag simple repeat (EST-SSR) markers were used to determine diversity structure Iranian populations growing at different altitudes. We further compared structures F. sylvatica L. population from hybrid zone two taxa southeast Europe, central Europe. All showed high diversity, which was similar other The differentiation very low. contrast, distinct found between analyzed European ). One EST-SSR identified differentiate G ST : 0.503) with pronounced allele frequency differences taxa. Specifically, characteristic 189 almost absent all present low frequencies regions. This study helps extend knowledge populations. It gives insights into center edge species’ distribution range as well beech.

Язык: Английский

---

Oak Population Genomics

Population genomics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Genotypic and genetic diversity of Maâmora’s cork oak forest using simple sequence repeats (SSR) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers for conservation

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 71(6), С. 2399 - 2414

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Genomic insights into local adaptation and vulnerability of Quercus longinux to climate change

Authorea (Authorea), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023

Climate change is likely to alter the selective pressures that drive shifts in adaptive variation. For species with long life histories and low dispersion capacities, rapid climate could impede migration of beneficial alleles their ability track changing environments. Disentangling processes genetic variation tree has important implications for conservation forest management. In this study, we used landscape genomic approaches phenotypic data from range-wide sampling investigate oak Quercus longinux , which endemic Taiwan. Among 2,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated by double-digested restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing 205 individuals, 35 drought- freeze-resistance genes exhibited signatures natural selection driven various environmental pressures. GradientForest redundancy analysis showed these putative SNPs had elevated associations soil variations. The proportion joint effects demography, geology, environments was high, indicating covariation gradients colonization history. Compared other populations, Q. var. kuoi, a unique variety limited southern Taiwan, substantial phenotypic, ecological, divergence. Finally, environmentally estimate offset each individual under different scenarios, revealed edge populations northern southeastern Taiwan may be threatened rising temperatures reallocation precipitation. Our study shed light on pattern environment-driven adaptation provides prediction future vulnerability island oaks subtropical tropical regions. Keywords change, offset, genomics, local adaptation, selection,

Язык: Английский

---

Genetische Charakterisierung der slawonischen Stieleiche (Quercus robur subsp. slavonica (Gáyer) Mátyás) in Deutschland

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Der Aufbau und die Bestockung von Wäldern haben einen starken Einfluss auf Waldökosysteme sowie deren Leistungen Funktionen. Aus heutiger Sicht wichtige Eigenschaften wie Ökosystemstabilität, Erhalt biologischer Vielfalt Kohlenstoffspeicherfähigkeit lassen sich über verschiedene Ansätze der Bewirtschaftung beeinflussen. Mit dem durch klimatische Veränderungen notwendig gewordenen Waldumbau gewinnen immer häufiger vorher kaum beachtete Alternativbaumarten an forstlichem Interesse rücken damit stärker in den Fokus Forschung. Eine dieser ist aus Osten Kroatiens stammende slawonische Stieleiche (Quercus robur subsp. slavonica (Gáyer) Mátyás). In Deutschland nimmt bisher relativ unbekannte Art als eingebürgerte Varietät eine Sonderstellung ein. Sie könnte jedoch helfen Anpassungsfähigkeit zukünftiger Eichenmischwälder zu verbessern, da ihr Ursprungsgebiet bereits gegenwärtig Klimadaten aufweist, zukünftig für prognostiziert werden. Um das genetische Potential Baumart abschätzen können, müssen lohnenswerte Bestände hinsichtlich ihrer genetischen Vielfalt, Struktur Diversität untersucht Nur umfassende Ausstattung ermöglicht es Pflanzen u. a. Genfluss, veränderliche Umweltbedingungen anzupassen. Anhand nachfolgend beschriebenen Studien durchgeführten Untersuchungen soll diese Dissertation Beitrag dazu leisten: Die Studie (Kapitel 2) mit Titel „Die Mátyás) Alternative Klimawandel: Experimentelle genomische Ressourcen“ befasst Forschungsstand slawonischen dient Themeneinleitung. Den Schwerpunkt bildet Untersuchung einer Nutzung Alternativbaumart unter Berücksichtigung prognostizierter Klimaveränderungen. Einhergehend geringen forstlichen Varietät, gibt nur wenige Charakterisierung, Variation und/oder Merkmalsvariation. diesem Manuskript werden einschlägige Ergebnisse zur anpassungsrelevanter räumlicher genetischer slawonischer Stieleichenbestände Assoziationen Merkmalsvariation innerartlichen Kreuzungsnachkommenschaft [Q. x Q. slavonica] erörtert. Vor Hintergrund, dass geographische Herkunftsermittlung überwiegend anhand Chloroplasten-DNA-Markern wurde, nächste 3) Differenzierung einheimischer Westdeutschland (Nordrhein-Westphalen) Kern-DNA-Marker. Hier wurden Proben 37 einheimischen Populationen, früheren sehr gut charakterisieren ließen, 20 Kern-DNA-Markern untersucht. Genetische gilt Voraussetzung nachhaltige Ressourcen um langfristige Baumarten gewährleisten. Unter Verwendung des Kern-DNA-Markersets ließen Populationen Haplotypen, sowohl auch Kroatien natürlich vorkommen, unterscheiden. Insgesamt zeigen Ergebnisse, Kern- Chloroplasten-DNA Marker sind, genetisch ähnlichen Taxa Kombination beider Markerarten lässt erstmals eindeutige Identifizierung Stieleichenvarietäten Mischbeständen hilft innerhalb Zertifizierung Herkunft Vermehrungsmaterials nachzuweisen. weiteren 4) Naturverjüngung räumlichen Strukturen neben künstlichen Bestandsbegründung natürliche Verjüngung waldbaulich praktizierte Form Waldregeneration, zulässt Erbgut erhalten. Neben Selbstdifferenzierung quantitativ ausreichend verteilter Individuen Verjüngungsschicht sind Qualität Vitalität Bestandes räumlich relevant. Für dritte daher zwei einheimische 23 Kern DNA-Markern 5 charakterisiert. zeigen, Information Altbeständen fast vollständig Generation weitergegeben wird. Grund hierfür liegt ähnlich hohen Maß Variation, bis übereinstimmenden Haplotypen Zusammensetzung sie jeweiligen Altbestände aufzeigen. Da stark ändernde Überleben auswirkt, kann hohe Variabilität Stabilität Nachhaltigkeit Waldökosystemen gewährleistet Darüber hinaus gab keine Hinweise Hybridisierung oder Genfluss zwischen Populationen. Ein naheliegender möglicher unterschiedliche Austriebzeitpunkt untersuchten Taxa. Das letzte Kapitel 5) Erstellung ersten RADseq (restriction site-associated DNA sequencing) - SNP-Markern basierenden, hochauflösenden, Kopplungskarte (männlich weiblich) intraspezifischen Quercus Vollgeschwisterfamilie (Q. ssp. slavonica). Zur weiblichen männlichen Kopplungskarten 249 Nachkommen kontrollierten Kreuzung Q.robur verwendet. Dabei Anwendung Pseudo-Testcross-Methode Hilfe Kosambis Kartierfunktion erstellt. 473 SNP-Marker 502 kartiert, jeweils 12 Kopplungsgruppen bestehen. Diese Karten bilden wertvolle Grundlage Durchführung QTL (Quantitative Trait Loci) Analysen, adaptiver Merkmale beteiligter Gene vergleichende Genomanalysen.

---