Spatial Distribution of Genetic, Ploidy, and Morphological Variation of the Edaphic Steno-Endemic Alyssum moellendorfianum (Brassicaceae) from the Western Balkans
Plants,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(2), С. 146 - 146
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025
Polyploidy
is
a
powerful
mechanism
driving
genetic,
physiological,
and
phenotypic
changes
among
cytotypes
of
the
same
species
across
both
large
small
geographic
scales.
These
can
significantly
shape
population
structure
increase
evolutionary
adaptation
potential
cytotypes.
Alyssum
moellendorfianum,
an
edaphic
steno-endemic
with
narrow
distribution
in
Balkan
Peninsula,
serves
as
intriguing
case
study.
We
conducted
comprehensive
analysis
genetic
diversity
species'
range,
employing
array
techniques
(nuclear
microsatellites,
amplified
fragment
length
polymorphisms,
plastid
DNA
sequences),
flow
cytometry
(FCM),
morphometry,
pollen
analysis.
The
study
reveals
two
lineages:
spatially
distributed
diploid
tetraploid
Clear
divergence
between
diploids
tetraploids
was
shown
by
AFLP,
while
sequences
confirmed
private
haplotypes
each
studied
populations.
Higher
allelic
richness
following
north-south
pattern
were
documented
compared
to
diploids,
indicated
nuclear
microsatellites.
Morphometric
via
principal
component
(PCA)
canonical
discriminant
(CDA)
did
not
reveal
any
Nonetheless,
distinction
size
clearly
observed.
results
suggest
autopolyploid
origin
from
ancestors.
Despite
fragmentation
very
these
populations
harbour
high
diversity,
which
would
allow
them
remain
stable
if
natural
processes
undisturbed.
Язык: Английский
Analysis of changes in morphological characters and drought resistance of tetraploid P. alba
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Abstract
Artificial
induction
of
polyploids
is
an
effective
technique
for
plant
breeding
and
genetic
improvement.
Understanding
the
changes
in
morphology
after
polyploidization
key
to
studying
underlying
physiological
mechanisms
polyploid
development.
We
obtained
a
tetraploid
P.
alba
using
colchicine
performed
characterization
analysis
on
it.
The
results
showed
that
height
leaf
area
were
smaller
than
those
diploid
plant.
have
thicker
leaves,
higher
chlorophyll
contents,
larger
but
less
dense
stomata.
Tetraploidization
also
resulted
significant
stem
anatomy,
including
xylem
width
phloem
width.
In
addition,
we
found
plants
exhibited
enhanced
drought
tolerance
compared
with
parent.
our
study
not
only
revealed
structural
plants,
provided
valuable
insights
into
alba.
Язык: Английский
Disentangling relationships in Euphorbia agraria s.l. (Euphorbiaceae) in south‐east Europe: One or two species?
Taxon,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Abstract
We
explored
the
diversification
of
south‐eastern
and
eastern
European
Euphorbia
agraria
s.l.
applying
molecular
(amplified
fragment
length
polymorphism
[AFLP]
fingerprinting
sequencing
nuclear
ribosomal
internal
transcribed
spacer
[ITS]),
cytogenetic
(relative
genome
size
[RGS]
estimations)
morphometric
methods.
The
AFLP
data,
to
a
lesser
extent
ITS
sequences,
inferred
two
main
phylogenetic
lineages
corresponding
Balkan‐Pontic
E.
central
Balkan
subhastata
;
their
closest
relatives
are
tommasiniana
endemic
north‐westernmost
Peninsula
salicifolia
,
which
is
more
widespread
in
Peninsula.
Genetic
divergence
reflected
morphological
ecological
differentiation,
rendering
recognition
–
previously
segregated
as
variety
at
species
level,
resulting
revised
taxonomic
treatment.
thrives
grasslands
ruderal
places
that
lowlands
adjacent
Pontic
region;
continuity
habitat
probably
confers
weak
genetic
differentiation
within
this
species.
On
other
hand,
grows
screes
open
forests
river
gorges
separated
by
mountain
ridges,
leading
pronounced
inter‐population
differentiation.
RGS
data
revealed
di‐
tetraploid
populations
both
combination
with
results
suggest
recurrent
autopolyploidisation.
Our
support
hotspot
diversity
indicate
future
biodiversity
research
part
Europe
should
focus
on
central,
southern
were
largely
neglected
previous
studies.
Язык: Английский
Out of Liguria: how polyploidy affected diversification of the sweet spurge (Euphorbia dulcis, Euphorbiaceae), European widespread forest species
Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 125861 - 125861
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
New estimates and synthesis of chromosome number, ploidy level and genome size variation in Allium sect. Codonoprasum: a step towards understanding the hitherto unresolved diversification and evolution of the section
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
genus
Allium
is
known
for
its
high
chromosomal
variability,
but
most
chromosome
counts
are
based
on
a
few
individuals
and
genome
size
(GS)
reports
limited
in
certain
taxonomic
groups.
This
evident
the
sect.
Codonoprasum,
species-rich
(>
150
species)
taxonomically
complex
section
with
weak
morphological
differences
between
taxa,
presence
of
polyploidy
frequent
misidentification
taxa.
Consequently,
significant
proportion
older
karyological
may
be
unreliable
GS
data
lacking
majority
species
within
section.
study,
using
counting
flow
cytometry
(FCM),
provides
first
detailed
insight
into
variation
number,
polyploid
frequency
distribution,
members,
step
towards
understanding
section's
unresolved
diversification
evolution.
Results
We
analysed
1,582
from
311
populations
25
taxa
reported
DNA
ploidy
levels
their
GS,
calibration
21
Five
had
multiple
levels.
estimates
16
primary
estimates.
A
comprehensive
review
number
DNA-ploidy
128
revealed
that
all
x
=
8,
except
A.
rupestre
two
series
(x
descending
dysploidy
7),
unique
this
Diploid
dominated
(71.1%),
while
di-/polyploid
(12.5%)
pure
(16.4%)
were
less
common.
Ploidy
diversity
showed
diploid
dominant
eastern
Mediterranean
85%),
decreasing
west
north,
only
present
northern
northwestern
Europe.
4.1-fold
was
observed
across
33
(2C
22.3–92.1
pg),
mainly
due
to
polyploidy,
downsizing
Intra-sectional
suggests
evolutionary
relationships,
intraspecific
some
indicate
heterogeneity
and/or
historical
migration
patterns.
Conclusions
Our
study
advantages
FCM
as
an
effective
tool
detecting
determining
could
additional
character
evolution
phylogenetic
relationships
Язык: Английский
New estimates and synthesis of chromosome numbers, ploidy levels and genome size variation in Allium sect. Codonoprasum: advancing our understanding of the unresolved diversification and evolution of this section
Botanical studies,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
65(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
genus
Allium
is
known
for
its
high
chromosomal
variability,
but
most
chromosome
counts
are
based
on
a
few
individuals
and
genome
size
(GS)
reports
limited
in
certain
taxonomic
groups.
This
evident
the
sect.
Codonoprasum
,
species-rich
(>
150
species)
taxonomically
complex
section
with
weak
morphological
differences
between
taxa,
presence
of
polyploidy
frequent
misidentification
taxa.
Consequently,
significant
proportion
older
karyological
may
be
unreliable
GS
data
lacking
majority
species
within
section.
study,
using
counting
flow
cytometry
(FCM),
provides
first
comprehensive
detailed
insight
into
variation
number,
polyploid
frequency
distribution,
members,
marking
step
towards
understanding
unresolved
diversification
evolution
this
group.
Results
We
analysed
1578
from
316
populations
25
taxa
reported
DNA
ploidy
levels
their
GS,
calibration
22
Five
had
multiple
levels.
First
estimates
were
obtained
16
A
review
number
DNA-ploidy
129
revealed
that
all
have
x
=
8,
except
A.
rupestre
two
series
(
descending
dysploidy
7),
unique
Diploid
dominated
(72.1%),
while
di-
&
(12.4%)
exclusively
(15.5%)
less
common.
Ploidy
diversity
showed
diploid
eastern
Mediterranean
decreased
west
north,
whereas
only
cytotypes
or
northern
northwestern
Europe.
4.1-fold
was
observed
across
33
so
far
(2C
22.3–92.1
pg),
mainly
due
to
polyploidy,
downsizing
Intra-sectional
suggests
evolutionary
relationships,
intraspecific
some
indicate
heterogeneity
and/or
historical
migration
patterns.
Conclusions
Our
study
advantages
FCM
as
an
effective
tool
detecting
determining
could
additional
character
phylogenetic
relationships
Язык: Английский