Transplanted sagebrush “wildlings” exhibit higher survival than greenhouse-grown tubelings yet both recruit new plants

BMC Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Abstract Background Land uses such as crop production, livestock grazing, mining, and urban development have contributed to degradation of drylands worldwide. Loss big sagebrush ( Artemisia tridentata ) on disturbed across the western U.S. has prompted massive efforts re-establish this foundational species. There been growing interest in avoiding severe limitations experienced by plants at seed seedling stages instead establishing from containerized greenhouse seedlings (“tubelings”). In some settings, a potential alternative approach is transplant larger locally-collected (“wildlings”). We compared establishment mountain A. ssp. vaseyana tubelings vs. wildlings southeastern Idaho. A mix native non-native grass forb species was drill-seeded pasture previously dominated introduced forage grass, smooth brome Bromus inermis ). then established 80 m x treatment plots planted n = 12 plots, 1200 plants) plants). also seeded 12) untreated control 6) for long-term comparison. tracked project expenses order calculate costs using modified probability success. Results high (79%) tubeling low (10%) wildling mortality within first year. Three years post-planting, chance survival significantly higher than that (85% 14% respectively). Despite up-front planting wildlings, rates resulted their being < 50% cost per-surviving plant basis. Additionally, third year post-planting 34% surviving 95% showed evidence reproduction (presence / absence flowering stems), two types plantings recruited new via (3.7 2.4 plants, respectively, per tubeling/wildling). Conclusions Our results indicate with more developed root systems (wildlings) may be promising avenue increasing early restoration settings. illustrate improve outcomes “nucleating” landscape recruitment during ideal climate conditions.

Язык: Английский

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A framework for ecological restoration cost accounting across context and scale

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 295, С. 110671 - 110671

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A global review on arid zone restoration: approaches and challenges

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 32(6)

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2023

Arid environments have become degraded in recent times through human activity highlighting the need for restoration works to reverse this trend. One of most common forms is revegetation. However, revegetation difficult arid zone due a combination environmental factors such as low moisture and extreme temperatures, well financial administrative factors. In review, we investigated literature describing various methods available revegetation, assess their utility activities. Each were found potential advantages disadvantages, though some general trends observed. Two main planting identified, “out‐planting” “direct seeding.” Which these use depends on conditions project being undertaken. Out‐planting appeared be suited approach smaller scale projects with higher budget availability, whereas direct seeding was more large scale, lower projects. Weed control prior identified critical success works, soil ripping beneficial Among amendments investigated, water‐holding gels likely beneficial, fertilizers riskier reduce drought tolerance increase weed invasion. Microbial inoculation mycorrhiza showed high improve plant performance but may held back by lack suitable commercial sources. Newer seed technologies, synthetic coats pellets, show promise, issue still requires further research development.

Язык: Английский

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Mixing Green Manure With Native Seeds in the Same Row Enhances Species Establishment in Restoration Areas of the Brazilian Cerrado

Applied Vegetation Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Aims This study investigates the effectiveness of different spatial arrangements green manure and native species in promoting seedling emergence reducing invasive grass cover restoration efforts, particularly within agricultural landscapes. Location Cerrado biome (savanna), Brazil. Methods We tested four experimental setups by direct seeding: (1) only (control), (2) mixed same row ( N + GM [mixture]), (3) planted separate rows [rows]), (4) intercropped with wider strips [strips]). evaluated richness, abundance, cover, cost‐effectiveness 540 days (a year a half) post planting. Results The (mixture) treatment yielded best cost‐effectiveness, highest richness (three species) abundance (10,267 individuals/ha), along lowest (50%). Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne Astronium fraxinifolium Schott Spreng had rates across all treatments. However, alone did not entirely prevent grass, requiring further weed control. (rows) showed cost, but should be considered ongoing maintenance. Conclusions Mixing [mixture]) is practical cost‐effective method for increasing early stages restoration, settings, where mechanized planting feasible.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of two seed technologies for the direct seeding of Festuca pallescens, a key species for grassland restoration in Patagonia

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Direct seeding of native species is a practice with high potential for the restoration degraded areas. Since availability seeds often limited, it necessary to make most this resource. In work, we tested two different technologies direct Festuca pallescens : seed coating and hydrogel soil amendment. For this, conducted greenhouse trials under controlled conditions five field sowing in environments that differ mean annual precipitation seasons (autumn spring). The consisted (1) natural substrates (soil vs. without hydrogel) irrigation regimes (regular water restriction regime); (2) differently treated (natural coated) regime hydrogel). Field rainfall Greenhouse showed amendment increased relative humidity promoted growth regime. mixed results: reduced seedling emergence, while enhanced emergence when immediately after treatment but not thereafter. Autumn planting emerged as optimal season F. , correlating higher improved survival 1 year post‐planting. Site‐specific differences were also observed, highlighting habitat suitability variability. Overall, these exhibited context‐dependent effects, suggesting nuanced recommendations their application ecological efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Implementation and Costs of an Agroforestry System in a Degraded Area of the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(2), С. 20 - 20

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

Agroforestry systems (ASs) are increasingly recognized as effective strategies for ecological restoration and sustainable land use in semi-arid regions. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation early outcomes of an AS established a degraded urban area Brazilian region. Specifically, we analyzed system’s establishment process, estimated its costs, assessed structural development over time, compared species performance carbon accumulation across different biodiversity arrangements. After three years, system accumulated 17.69 Mg ha−1 demonstrated significant basal growth, particularly among fast-growing such Ceiba glaziovii, Gliricidia sepium, Moringa oleifera. These enhanced overall productivity likely contributed increases soil organic matter, facilitating more demanding, slow-growing species. Cost analysis indicated total maintenance estimate BRL 57,468.79 (USD 11,096.29) with irrigation accounting 44.39%, labor site preparation 31.59%, seedling production 24.02%. Although proved viable under institutional support, replicability smallholders remains dependent on reliable water access or aligned rainy season. The nursery seedlings survival feasibility. broader adoption agroforestry regions will require supportive public policies technical assistance. Strengthening government programs PNAE PRONAF is essential, these initiatives can promote by credit while also reducing when short-cycle crops grown within sold local schools. It important note that costs vary depending intended objectives, diversity, arrangement design. Therefore, assistance critical guiding selecting implementing context-appropriate systems. Our findings reinforce potential sequestration, restore lands, support food security climate-vulnerable

Язык: Английский

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Are planting site conditions more important than soil amendments when direct seeding in the semiarid Mallee in regional Victoria, Australia?

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 7, 2025

Direct seeding is a potentially valuable method for restoration in arid areas due to its low cost and labor input but suffers from the drawback of reduced survival rates, which may lead planting failure. As such, addition soil amendments be one way increase success rates. This study investigated whether three types (fertilizers, hydrogels, microbial inoculants) would able emergence times direct works semiarid Mallee region north‐west Victoria, Australia. Seed four native species were mechanically directly seeded into sites across region, along with different combinations amendments. Emergence time recorded 1 year, properties at each location analyzed. The results showed that only two larger‐seeded ( Acacia ligulata Callitris gracilis ) emerge, while smaller‐seeded Eucalyptus calycogona Melaleuca lanceolata no emergence. Soil had effect on either seedling or time. Instead, significant outcome both survival. It was found locations highest did not necessarily show Low nutrient sandplains contained counts. longest surviving seedlings slightly higher nitrogen levels A. seedlings, C. survived highly sandy under cooler, wetter climate.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating success of various restorative interventions through drone‐ and field‐collected data, using six putative framework species in Argentinian Patagonia

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 28(S1)

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2019

Field data and unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones, were used to analyze a long‐term experiment in severely degraded area of the “Monte,” one most arid biomes Argentina. methods drone orthoimages obtained from flights quadcopter at 20 40 m compare plantation plots versus natural recovery on scarified sites, field performance six putative framework species under four different treatments was evaluated. After 5 years soils with almost no organic matter mean annual rainfall averaging 145 mm, had high survival rates (>65%) for all determined through both survey imagery. Three planted greater number seedlings due their availability nurseries. For these experimental studied statistically. Independently treatment applied (control; 1/2 L hydrogel; 1 hydrogel + kg compost), highest found P. flexuosa var. depressa (88% ± 14.8) A. lampa (84% 14.8). Drone images showed that two plant cover. In sharp contrast, mechanical scarification without planting or other induced very low (<2%). We demonstrate imagery provides new valuable tool evaluating monitoring restorative interventions drylands.

Язык: Английский

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Should I plant or should I sow? Restoration outcomes compared across seven riparian revegetation projects

Ecological Management & Restoration, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 21(1), С. 58 - 65

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2019

Summary To revegetate native plant communities, it is often cheaper to direct seed than nursery‐grown stock. However, the outcomes of seeding can be quite variable, and unclear whether or planting more likely facilitate restoration diverse communities. address this question, we compared each method across several recent riparian revegetation projects where both tube‐stock were used. We surveyed at seven sites within greater Melbourne area that had been revegetated between 1 4 years previously. Sites all on land previously used for agriculture degraded public ranged in environmental climatic conditions. Woody density, establishment target species, species richness, diversity (evenness) heights assessed. Direct tended result higher densities similar but lower rates with planting. A median 67% established via 100% planting, seeded areas dominated by one two species. In general, overall driven site factors, rather method. suggest achieve good from areas, a bet‐hedging combined approach using sowing may best strategy.

Язык: Английский

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Native Plant Production in Chile. Is It Possible to Achieve Restoration Goals by 2035?

Land, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(1), С. 71 - 71

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2021

Facing rapid loss of biodiversity as a consequence climate change, Chile has formally pledged to restore 600,000 ha native forest by 2035. This effort, however, not considered the amount and quality plants required meet this pledge. Thus, we examined data collected during annual, government-conducted census small- medium-sized nurseries from central Chile, which account for 78% nation’s total plant production, assess if current production is sufficient Chile´s restoration needs. We coupled with our series ongoing research projects determine are currently meeting minimum seedling standards based on morpho-physiological attributes. Our four-year analysis (2016–2019) shows that number seedlings increased only 4%, but because 19% nursery managers have training, just 29% all criteria restoration. under rate pledges desired year 2035 would be achieved until 2181. timeline can accelerated through an urgent expansion space, implementation continuous program technology knowledge transference, strong support governmental policies.

Язык: Английский

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