Pattern recognition receptors in health and diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2021

Abstract Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of that can directly recognize the specific molecular structures on surface pathogens, apoptotic host cells, and damaged senescent cells. PRRs bridge nonspecific immunity immunity. Through binding ligands, produce anti-infection, antitumor, other immunoprotective effects. Most in innate immune system vertebrates be classified into following five types based protein domain homology: Toll-like (TLRs), nucleotide oligomerization (NOD)-like (NLRs), retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like (RLRs), C-type lectin (CLRs), absent melanoma-2 (AIM2)-like (ALRs). basically composed ligand domains, intermediate effector domains. bind their respective ligands recruit adaptor molecules with same structure through initiating downstream signaling pathways to exert In recent years, increased researches have greatly promoted understanding different provided ideas for treatment immune-related diseases even tumors. This review describes detail history, structural characteristics, mechanism, pathway, related disease, new drugs clinical trials therapy PRRs, discusses significance research pattern mechanism PRR-related diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Plant immunity in signal integration between biotic and abiotic stress responses

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 225(1), С. 87 - 104

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2019

Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity of plant-inhabiting microbes. The mode outcome plant-microbe interactions, including plant disease epidemics, are dynamically profoundly influenced by abiotic factors, such as light, temperature, water nutrients. also utilize associations beneficial microbes during adaptation to adverse conditions. Elucidation molecular bases for plant-microbe-environment interactions is therefore fundamental importance in sciences. Following advances into individual stress signaling pathways, recent studies beginning reveal intersections between biotic responses regulatory principles combined responses. We outline mechanisms underlying environmental modulation immunity emerging roles immune regulators tolerance. Furthermore, we discuss how plants coordinate conflicting demands when exposed combinations different stresses, attention possible determinant that links initial response broad-spectrum tolerance or prioritization specific

Язык: Английский

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Plant health: feedback effect of root exudates-rhizobiome interactions

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 103(3), С. 1155 - 1166

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2018

The well-being of the microbial community that densely populates rhizosphere is aided by a plant's root exudates. Maintaining health key factor in its continued existence. As minute as rhizospheric microbes are, their importance plant growth cannot be overemphasized. They depend on plants for nutrients and other necessary requirements. relationship between rhizosphere-microbiome (rhizobiome) hosts can beneficial, non-effectual, or pathogenic depending involved. This relationship, to large extent, determines fate host survival. Modern molecular techniques have been used unravel rhizobiome species' composition, but interplay exudates factors maintenance healthy not yet thoroughly investigated. Many functional proteins are activated upon contact with external factors. These may elicit promoting suppressing responses from plants. To optimize productivity plants, diversity modulatory need clearly understood improved health.

Язык: Английский

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Recent advancements in molecular marker-assisted selection and applications in plant breeding programmes

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(1), С. 128 - 128

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2021

DNA markers improved the productivity and accuracy of classical plant breeding by means marker-assisted selection (MAS). The enormous number quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping read for different species have given a plenitude molecular marker-gene associations. In this review, we discussed positive aspects its precise applications in programmes. Molecular has considerably shortened time new crop varieties to be brought market. To explore information about markers, many reviews been published last few decades; all these were intended breeders obtain on genetics. synopsis recent developments their application programmes devoted early with little or no knowledge markers. progress made breeding, genetics, genomics selection, editing genome contributed comprehensive understanding provides several proofs genetic diversity available plants greatly complemented devices. MAS revolutionized process acceleration accuracy, which is continuously empowering around world.

Язык: Английский

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Elicitor and Receptor Molecules: Orchestrators of Plant Defense and Immunity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(3), С. 963 - 963

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), microbe-associated (MAMPs), herbivore-associated (HAMPs), and damage-associated (DAMPs) are molecules produced by microorganisms insects in the event of infection, microbial priming, insect predation. These then recognized receptor on or within plant, which activates defense signaling pathways, resulting plant’s ability to overcome pathogenic invasion, induce systemic resistance, protect against predation damage. small motifs conserved all organisms. Fungi, bacteria, have their own specific that defenses plants. Most either present as part pathogen’s structure exudates (in bacteria fungi), saliva honeydew. Since biotic stresses such pathogens can impair crop yield production, understanding interaction between these organisms host via elicitor–receptor is essential equip us with knowledge necessary design durable resistance In addition, it also important look into role played beneficial microbes synthetic elicitors activating plants’ protection disease This review addresses receptors, elicitors, receptor–elicitor interactions where components fungi, will be elaborated, giving special emphasis molecules, responses, mechanisms at play, variations applicable, applications prospects.

Язык: Английский

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Genome Editing: Targeting Susceptibility Genes for Plant Disease Resistance

Trends in biotechnology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 36(9), С. 898 - 906

Опубликована: Май 8, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Induced Systemic Resistance for Improving Plant Immunity by Beneficial Microbes

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(3), С. 386 - 386

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2022

Plant beneficial microorganisms improve the health and growth of associated plants. Application microbes triggers an enhanced resistance state, also termed as induced systemic (ISR), in host, against a broad range pathogens. Upon activation ISR, plants employ long-distance signaling to provide protection for distal tissue, inducing rapid strong immune responses pathogens invasions. The transmission ISR was commonly regarded be jasmonic acid- ethylene-dependent, but salicylic acid-independent, transmission. However, last decade, involvement both acid acid/ethylene pathways regulatory roles small RNA has been updated. In this review, plant early recognition, responsive reactions, related transduction during process plant-beneficial microbe interaction discussed, with reflection on crucial role RNAs microbe-mediated ISR.

Язык: Английский

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The transcriptional landscape of Arabidopsis thaliana pattern-triggered immunity

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(5), С. 579 - 586

Опубликована: Март 15, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Deep Learning-Based Object Detection Improvement for Tomato Disease

IEEE Access, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8, С. 56607 - 56614

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

To improve the recognition model accuracy of crop disease leaves and locating diseased leaves, this paper proposes an improved Faster RCNN to detect healthy tomato four diseases: powdery mildew, blight, leaf mold fungus ToMV. First, we use a depth residual network replace VGG16 for image feature extraction so can obtain deeper features. Second, k-means clustering algorithm is used cluster bounding boxes. We anchoring according results. The anchor frame tends toward real box dataset. Finally, carry out experiment with three kinds different networks. experimental results show that method detection had 2.71% higher faster speed than original RCNN.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of Plant Defense System in Response to Microbial Interactions

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2020

At different stages throughout their life cycle, plants often encounter several pathogenic microbes that challenge plant growth and development. The sophisticated innate immune system prevents the of harmful via two interconnected defense strategies based on pathogen perception. These involve microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity microbial effector-triggered immunity. Both these responses induce mechanisms for restricting attack to protect against pathogens terminate growth. Plants develop memory after an exposure pathogens, leading systemic acquired resistance. Unlike with microbes, make friendly interactions beneficial boosting system. A spike in recent publications has further improved our understanding as triggered by microbes. present study reviews current how plant-microbe can activate at level. We discuss interaction boost demonstrating examples Mycorrhizal Rhizobial association be exploited engineer disease resistance crop improvement.

Язык: Английский

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