Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(3), С. 1140 - 1140

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

The quest for enhancing agricultural yields due to increased pressure on food production has inevitably led the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and other agrochemicals. Biofertilizers are emerging as a suitable alternative counteract adverse environmental impacts exerted by synthetic facilitate overall growth yield crops in an eco-friendly manner. They contain living or dormant microbes, which applied soil used treating crop seeds. One foremost candidates this respect is rhizobacteria. Plant promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) important cluster beneficial, root-colonizing bacteria thriving plant rhizosphere bulk soil. exhibit synergistic antagonistic interactions with microbiota engage array activities ecological significance. promote facilitating biotic abiotic stress tolerance support nutrition host plants. Due their active endorsing activities, PGPRs considered hazardous fertilizers. biofertilizers biological approach toward sustainable intensification agriculture. However, application increasing several pros cons. Application potential that perform well laboratory greenhouse conditions often fails deliver expected effects development field settings. Here we review different types PGPR-based biofertilizers, discuss challenges faced widespread adoption deliberate prospects using

Язык: Английский

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Critical knowledge gaps and research priorities in global soil salinity

Advances in agronomy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 191

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Insights into the Interactions among Roots, Rhizosphere, and Rhizobacteria for Improving Plant Growth and Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses: A Review

Cells, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(6), С. 1551 - 1551

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2021

Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, variations in temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, are antagonistic to plant growth development, resulting an overall decrease yield. These stresses have direct effects on the rhizosphere, thus severely affect root growth, thereby affecting health, productivity. However, growth-promoting rhizobacteria that colonize rhizosphere/endorhizosphere protect roots from adverse of abiotic stress facilitate by various indirect mechanisms. In plants constantly interacting with thousands these microorganisms, yet it is not very clear when how complex root, interactions occur under stresses. Therefore, present review attempts focus root-rhizosphere rhizobacterial respond interactions, role Further, focuses underlying mechanisms employed for improving architecture tolerance

Язык: Английский

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Prolonged drought imparts lasting compositional changes to the rice root microbiome

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(8), С. 1065 - 1077

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The Costs and Benefits of Plant–Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Interactions

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73(1), С. 649 - 672

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2022

The symbiotic interaction between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is often perceived as beneficial for both partners, though a large ecological literature highlights the context dependency of this interaction. Changes in abiotic variables, such nutrient availability, can drive along mutualism-parasitism continuum with variable outcomes plant growth fitness. However, AM benefit more ways than improved phosphorus nutrition growth. For example, promote biotic stress tolerance even when considered parasitic from provision perspective. Other being obligate biotrophs, very little known about benefits gain plants. In review, we utilize molecular biology approaches to expand our understanding plant-AM fungal across disciplines.

Язык: Английский

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Vertical Farming: The Only Way Is Up?

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1), С. 2 - 2

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2021

Vertical farming is on its way to becoming an addition conventional agricultural practices, improving sustainable food production for the growing world population under increasing climate stress. While early development of vertical systems mainly focused technological advancement through design innovation, automation hydroponic cultivation, and advanced LED lighting systems, more recent studies focus resilience circularity farming. These sustainability objectives are addressed by investigating water quality microbial life in a cultivation context. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown improve plant performance biotic abiotic stresses. The application PGPRs plant-growing media increases functional diversity, creating opportunities reducing our dependency chemical fertilizers crop protection products. Here, we give brief historical overview farming, review challenges economic, environmental, social, political context, discuss advances exploiting rhizosphere microbiome systems.

Язык: Английский

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Trends and applications in plant volatile sampling and analysis

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 106(2), С. 314 - 325

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2021

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by plants serve as information and defense chemicals in mutualistic antagonistic interactions mitigate effects of abiotic stress. Passive dynamic sampling techniques combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis have become routine tools to measure emissions VOCs determine their various functions. More recently, knowledge the roles plant aboveground environment has led exploration similar functions soil rhizosphere. Moreover, VOC patterns been recognized sensitive time-dependent markers biotic This focused review addresses these developments presenting recent progress analysis. We show advances use small, inexpensive devices describe methods monitor belowground environment. further address latest trends real-time measurements volatilomes phenotyping most small portable sensors for non-invasive fingerprinting disease. These technologies allow innovative approaches study biology application agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Root-secreted bitter triterpene modulates the rhizosphere microbiota to improve plant fitness

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(8), С. 887 - 896

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Addressing Research Bottlenecks to Crop Productivity

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(6), С. 607 - 630

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2021

More symmetrical investment in crop research will create opportunities to improve models, combine new alleles through prebreeding, and suggest novel management practices.Consensus among public private sectors is that more needed understanding of hormone crosstalk, recombination rate, maintenance respiration, root structure function, source–sink balance.Greater these areas expected benefit a wide range crops across most environments.New phenomics, genomics, bioinformatics make it feasible explore the vast untapped collections genetic resources trait combinations.Filling knowledge gaps enable much integrated yield adaptation, improving breeding models. Asymmetry leads lost accelerate gain identifying sources combinations traits alleles. On basis consultation with scientists from major seed companies, we identified several three common features: (i) relatively underrepresented literature; (ii) high probability boosting productivity environments; (iii) could be researched 'precompetitive' space, leveraging previous knowledge, thereby models guide decisions. Areas included into hormones, recombination, roots, source–sink, which, along bioinformatics, strategies. Research growth adaptation under diverse cultivation scenarios has underpinned global food security, especially since Green Revolution, during which time population than doubled. During same time, area cultivated cereals, account for 70% total calories consumed by humans, barely changed while yields have tripled.i These two statistics alone clearly support impact on agronomy as well effective policy decisions agility farmers adopt technologies [1.Stewart B.A. Lal R. Increasing world average cereal crops: it's all about water.in: Sparks D.L. Advances Agronomy. Vol. 151. Elsevier, 2018: 1-44Google Scholar,2.Fischer T. et al.Crop Yields Global Food Security: Will Yield Increase Continue Feed World?. Australian Centre International Agricultural Research, 2014Google Scholar]. Nonetheless, challenges agriculture now faces are not just feed 10+ billion people within generation, but do so harsher less predictable climate, many cases water declining soil quality Clearly, research, breeding, must even effective. Crop integrates crossing strategies combined efficient selection progeny [3.Van Ginkel M. Ortiz Cross best best, select best: HELP selfing crops.Crop Sci. 2018; 58: 17-30Crossref Scopus (11) Google To date, impactful objectives been maintain resistance ever-evolving spectrum pests diseases (e.g., [4.Singh R.P. al.Emergence spread races wheat stem rust fungus: continued threat security prospects control.Phytopathology. 2015; 105: 872-884Crossref PubMed (173) Scholar,5.Donatelli al.Modelling impacts agricultural systems.Agric. Syst. 2017; 155: 213-224Crossref (91) Scholar]), an array consumer-driven characteristics, such storability, baking quality, forth [6.Guzmán C. al.Genetic improvement grain CIMMYT semi-dwarf spring bread varieties developed 1965–2015: 50 years breeding.Field Crops Res. 210: 192-196Crossref (24) Scholar]). However, or environments require specific filled context. The technology exists apply allelic phenotype genotype at scale. Due large numbers involved screening (from thousands single cross millions double haploids), evaluation represent target (TPE) (see Glossary) expedient, genomic [7.Juliana P. al.Integrating genomic-enabled prediction high-throughput phenotyping climate-resilient wheat.Theor. Appl. Genet. 2019; 132: 177-194Crossref (23) Scholar], phenomic [8.Araus J.L. al.Translating gain.Trends Plant 23: 451-466Abstract Full Text PDF (170) modeling tools [9.Cooper al.Predicting future plant breeding: complementing empirical prediction.Crop Pasture 2014; 65: 311-336Crossref (148) advanced stage commercial In short, practical discipline focused products. upstream tends favor cutting-edge challenges, some methodological nature. focusing near- medium-term gains typically strategic enough warrant funding, too risk funds allocated breeding. As result, translation pure science [10.Reynolds al.Translational climate resilient, higher yielding Breed. Genom. 1e190016Google Some notable exceptions include photosynthesis [11.Long S.P. al.Meeting demand engineering potential.Cell. 161: 56-66Abstract (381) application tomography capture roots images [12.Morris E.C. al.Shaping 3D system architecture.Curr. Biol. 27: PR919-R930Abstract (54) gene editing [13.Gao H. al.Superior field performance waxy corn engineered using CRISPR-Cas9.Nat. Biotechnol. 2020; 38: 579-581Crossref (0) novelty significant driving force academia, including technologies. does grow symmetrically, creating instead islands necessarily connected [14.Borrell A. Reynolds Integrating greater synergy efficiency research.Food Energy Secur. 6: 26-32Crossref (3) While this approach works pushing back frontiers requires systematic achieve harvestable products seeds, fruits, tubers). For example, order crop's photosynthetic potential boost yield, extra photo-assimilates also distributed way optimizes development edible organs. case cereals other crops, expressed harvest index (HI). expression HI in, modern cultivars, approximately 0.4 0.55, attendant negative correlation between biomass [15.Aisawi K.A.B. al.The physiological progress cultivars 1966 2009.Crop 55: 1749-1764Crossref (86) attest apparent underutilization current capacity. partitioning reproductive match if value effectively translate security. There conundrums point asymmetrical knowledge. definition considers only above-ground biomass. This quite arbitrary, there being no scientific reason exclude below-ground one, analysis can easily performed structures compared those soil. Since important improvement, source error trivial. study wheat, differed 7% 20%, depending genotype, when considering versus biomass, [16.Reynolds M.P. al.Drought-adaptive derived wild relatives landraces.J. Exp. Bot. 2007; 177-186Crossref Another example asymmetry crop-focused academic emphasis over despite variation respiration associated [17.Wilson D. Response dark rate mature leaves Lolium perenne its effects young plants simulated swards.Ann. 1982; 49: 303-312Crossref (66) Furthermore, number studies show express significantly stronger relationship night temperature day [18.Lobell D.B. Ortiz-Monasterio J.I. Impacts temperatures yields: comparison CERES model predictions locations.Agron. J. 99: 469-477Crossref (123) Scholar,19.Shi W. al.High day- night-time affect dynamics contrasting rice genotypes.J. 68: 5233-5245Crossref (38) Because affects processes, flowering response, response key gap. needs renewed focus how manipulation photorespiration influence yields, degree effort great respiration. Indeed, recent work highlighted transgenic use alternative photorespiratory pathways exhibit improvements net CO2 uptake, accumulation, [20.South P.F. al.Synthetic glycolate metabolism stimulate field.Science. 636eaat9077Crossref (165) Scholar,21.Shen B.-R. al.Engineering chloroplastic bypass increase rice.Mol. Plant. 12: 199-214Abstract (40) importance environment influencing arising modifications addressed [22.Hammer G.L. al.Biological reality parsimony – why need both improvement! silico.Plants. 1diz010Google Asymmetrical crop-related additional conundrums. A literature search keywords 'photosynthesis' 'drought' identifies studies. deficit certainly inhibits gas exchange severe stress damage machinery, primary determinants access [23.White J.W. Castillo J.A. Relative effect shoot genotypes bean drought stress.Crop 1989; 29: 360-362Crossref (50) Scholar] budgeting [24.Messina C.D. al.Limited-transpiration may maize tolerance US Corn Belt.Agronomy. 107: 1978-1986Crossref (79) Subtle cultivar-level differences sensitivity apparatus marginal best; mundane analogy would tuning carburetor motor overcome block fuel line. exist, objective review illustrate crop-oriented better leveraged filling gaps. exist varying degrees, our premise addressing species environments. Therefore, processes they improved tandem. factor influences agenda difficulty working realistic environments, partially controlled. Lack control hampers rigorous production scenarios, where fields growing seasons ever completely same. Galileo's guideline 'measure what measurable, measurable so' applied advances remote sensing geographical information services. addition, generation molecular permit real-time estimates DNA metabolic monitored tissue taken directly experiments. (CGMs) provide mathematical framework integrate conduct quantitative evaluations TPE Scholar,24.Messina Scholar,25.Messina science: foundation advancing predictive agriculture.Crop 60: 544-546Crossref (6) providing dynamic help researching basic biology. unprecedented fill join investments. No matter component problem, whether cropping whole, broad maximize impact. An illuminating was showing zinc deficiency exacerbates due essential role detoxifying reactive oxygen species, leading foliar applications Zn 4 million ha Turkey [26.Bagci S.A. al.Effects field-grown Central Anatolia.J. Agron. 193: 198-206Crossref Before breakthrough, per se seriously confounded achieved (Figure 1) [27.Cakmak I. al.Zinc critical problem Anatolia.Plant Soil. 1996; 180: 165-172Crossref Perhaps overcoming bottleneck opens up possibilities introduction semidwarf genes cereals. their widespread adoption, tallness limited structural failure. allele (Rht1) Norin 10, originally variety Daruma, Gonjiro Inazuka Japan 1935. took 10 introgression, pleiotropic Rht nitrogen [28.Reynolds Borlaug N.E. international collaborative improvement.J. Agric. 2006; 144: 3-17Crossref (109) spearheaded Revolution tripling saving estimated 1 lives famine aforementioned examples systematic, demand-driven shy away logistical challenges. Five challenging that, tackled systematically, likely open bottlenecks discussed herein, discussion used CGMs. exhaustive cannot presented here, nor bottlenecks, emerge improves. were broadly agreed authors colleagues sectors. complementary each existing 2). opinion colleagues, 'best bets' achieving step changes roles increasing sink strength carbon assimilation meiotic harness diversity. reviewed: exploration prebreeding Illuminating 'black boxes' simulation modelling. authorship represents stakeholders sectors, topics priorities 'precompetitive space' defined companies exercise; words, general neglected, potentially hold industry. aid foraging, responsive abiotic biotic signals local highly adaptable behavior, termed 'developmental plasticity', offers breeders 'customized' architecture (RSA) adapted forage heterogenous conditions [29.Hodge plastic plant: responses heterogeneous supplies nutrients.New Phytol. 2004; 162: 9-24Crossref (1052) (N) form nitrate (NO3–) particular challenge capture, mobile leaches deeper layers. N exploit steeper angle brace crown [30.Trachsel S. al.Maize angles become low conditions.Field 2013; 140: 18-31Crossref (56) elongation lateral seminal [31.Gioia al.Impact domestication phenotypic durum fertilization.J. 66: 5519-5530Crossref reduced length density near surface axial [32.Zhan Lynch J.P. Reduced frequency branching improves low-N soils maize.J. 2055-2065Crossref (81) serve layers abundant. contrast, phosphate (P) available inorganic immobile concentrated topsoil [33.Rubio G. al.Topsoil foraging competitiveness phosphorus bean.Crop 2003; 43: 598-607Crossref P increased lengths patches availability [34.Flavel R.J. al.Quantifying (Triticum aestivum L) Oxisol.Plant 385: 303-310Crossref (7) shallower hairs [35.Bates T.R. Root confer competitive advantage availability.Plant 2001; 236: 243-250Crossref (125) cluster formation [36.Shane M.W. Lambers Cluster roots: curiosity context.Plant 2005; 274: 101-125Crossref (255) sorghum, [37.Singh V. variability sorghum.Crop 2011; 51: 2011-2020Crossref (36) enables × Skip row systems expressing angles, past decade, remain, following:•Given change, urgent determine RSA controlled signals, often mediated aerial temperature. Whilst heat impairs any developmental stage, rooting depth appear reduce [38.Lopes M.S. Partitioning assimilates cooler canopies wheat.Funct. 2010; 37: 147Crossref Scholar].•How carbon/biomass should invest resource sustainability, yet minimize yield? Surprisingly, detailed CGM simulations (validated reference data) predict 'less more,' lower longer [39.Postma optimal depends Physiol. 166: 590-602Crossref (160) addition RSA, anatomical scale cortical aerenchyma 50% [40.Zhu al.Root (Zea mays L.).Plant Cell Environ. 33: 740-749PubMed enabling reinvest C organs.•Despite recognition microbiome vice versa [41.de la Fuente C.C. al.An extended phenotype: rhizosphere, fitness.Plant 103: 951-964Crossref (9) multibillion-dollar industry selling microbiome-based coatings mechanisms integrating signaling. Studying arguably relevant, poses Indirect approaches canopy measurements determining extraction profiles electrical electromagnetic inductance methods infer traits, currently coarse resolution [42.Whalley W.R. al.Methods estimate activity field.Plant 415: 407-422Crossref (22) Invasive coring 'shovelomics' greatly facilitated throughput [43.Trachsel al.Shovelomics: L.) 341: 75-87Crossref (338) destructive techniques result loss finer-scale features roots), give snapshot development. Nondestructive imaging techniques, agar plates, rhizotrons, paper-based hydro-/aeroponic systems, temporal observed throughout possible transparent gels [44.Clark R.T. al.Three-dimensional software platform.Plant 156: 455-465Crossref (274) non–soil-based helps decrease experimental reducing heterogeneity microbial populations, results difficult extrapolate conditions. experiments [45.Messina al.Reproductive resilience underpin L.).bioRxiv. (Published online October 1, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.30.320937)Google Magnetic resonance X-ray computed successfully noninvasively [46.Mairhofer al.Extracting multiple interacting microcomputed tomography.Plant 84: 1034-1043Crossref (19) Scholar,47.van Dusschoten al.Quantitative magnetic imaging.Plant 2016; 170: 1176-1188Crossref Nevertheless, expensive, throughput, deployable field. Understanding stresses vital develop [48.Lynch phenotypes nutrient capture: underexploited opportunity agriculture.New 223: 548-564Crossref (72) dries, vertical gradient availability. Roots experiencing reach [49.Uga Y. al.Control DEEPER ROOTING increases conditions.Nat. 45: 1097-1102Crossref (619) Water upper suppresses different [50.Sebastian al.Grasses suppress shoot-borne conserve drought.Proc. Natl. Acad. U. 113: 8861-8866Crossref (43) Scholar,51.Gao Y.Z. acquisition L.).J. 67: 4545-4557Crossref (84) few long ideotype suggested stress, saved extend profiles. indeed tuned based fundamental [52.Cooper gap productivity.Crop 582-604Crossref (10) colonizing

Язык: Английский

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The Chemistry of Stress: Understanding the ‘Cry for Help’ of Plant Roots

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(6), С. 357 - 357

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2021

Plants are faced with various biotic and abiotic stresses during their life cycle. To withstand these stresses, plants have evolved adaptive strategies including the production of a wide array primary secondary metabolites. Some metabolites can direct defensive effects, while others act as chemical cues attracting beneficial (micro)organisms for protection. Similar to aboveground plant tissues, roots also appear "a cry help" response upon exposure stress, leading recruitment microorganisms help minimize damage caused by stress. Furthermore, emerging evidence indicates that microbial is, at least in part, mediated quantitative and/or qualitative changes root exudate composition. Both volatile water-soluble compounds been implicated important signals activation root-associated microbes. Here we provide an overview our current understanding belowground communication, particularly how stressed shape its protective microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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