Impacts of Drought on Photosynthesis in Major Food Crops and the Related Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Drought

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(13), С. 1808 - 1808

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024

Drought stress is one of the most critical threats to crop productivity and global food security. This review addresses multiple effects drought on process photosynthesis in major crops. Affecting both light-dependent light-independent reactions, leads severe damage photosystems blocks electron transport chain. Plants face a CO2 shortage provoked by stomatal closure, which triggers photorespiration; not only does it reduce carbon fixation efficiency, but also causes lower overall photosynthetic output. Drought-induced oxidative generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cellular structures, including chloroplasts, further impairing productivity. have evolved variety adaptive strategies alleviate these effects. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanisms help dissipate excess light energy as heat, protecting apparatus under conditions. Alternative pathways, such cyclical transmission chloroplast respiration, maintain balance prevent over-reduction Hormones, especially abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene, cytokinin, modulate conductance, chlorophyll content, osmotic adjustment, increasing tolerance drought. Structural adjustments, leaf reordering altered root architecture, strengthen tolerance. Understanding complex interactions essential for developing drought-resistant varieties ensuring agricultural sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms and Regulatory Pathways Underlying Drought Stress Response in Rice

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1185 - 1185

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

Rice is a staple food for 350 million people globally. Its yield thus affects global security. Drought serious environmental factor affecting rice growth. Alleviating the inhibition of drought stress an urgent challenge that should be solved to enhance growth and yield. This review details effects on morphology, physiology, biochemistry, genes associated with response, their biological functions, molecular regulatory pathways. The further highlights main future research directions collectively provide theoretical support reference improving adaptation mechanisms breeding new drought-resistant varieties.

Язык: Английский

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The NAT1–bHLH110–CER1/CER1L module regulates heat stress tolerance in rice

Nature Genetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Tea polyphenol mediated CsMYB77 regulation of CsPOD44 to promote tea plant (Camellia sinensis) root drought resistance

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(6)

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Abstract Drought stress significantly alters the metabolic homeostasis of tea plants; however, few studies have examined role specific metabolites, particularly polyphenols, in drought resistance. This study reveals that polyphenol content drought-tolerant cultivars tends to increase under conditions. Notably, environments characterized by staged and repeated drought, changes are positively correlated with To investigate this further, we irrigated roots exogenous polyphenols before subjecting plants drought. Our findings indicated absorptive experimental group exhibited enhanced development, improved cellular integrity, a significant peroxidase activity. A comprehensive analysis transcriptome metabolome revealed closely associated phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway. CsMYB77 CsPOD44 genes were identified as highly Overexpression experiments Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrated promotes expression pathway genes, thereby enhancing Conversely, antisense oligonucleotide silencing decreased resistance plants. Additional experiments, including yeast one-hybrid assays, luciferase complementation imaging, dual-luciferase electrophoretic mobility shift confirmed regulates CsPOD44. In summary, our indicate differences tolerance among linked metabolism. Specifically, may mediate regulatory network involving CsPOD44, promoting root development. offers new insights into breeding drought-resistant cultivars.

Язык: Английский

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MYB transcription factors: Acting as molecular switches to regulate different signaling pathways to modulate plant responses to drought stress

Industrial Crops and Products, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 226, С. 120676 - 120676

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Dehydration-responsive element-binding transcription factor, GuDREB35, positively regulates drought tolerance in licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis)

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 306, С. 141829 - 141829

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptional Analysis of the MYB Gene Family in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum)

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2484 - 2484

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

The MYB gene family widely exists in the plant kingdom and participates regulation of development stress response. Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), as one most important cereals, is not only considered a good source protein nutrients but also has excellent tolerances to various abiotic stresses (e.g., salinity, water deficit, etc.). Although genome sequence pearl was recently published, bioinformatics expression pattern analysis are limited. Here, we identified 208 PgMYB genes employed 193 high-confidence candidates for downstream analysis. Phylogenetic structural classified these PgMYBs into four subgroups. Eighteen pairs segmental duplications were found using synteny Collinear revealed had closest evolutionary relationship with foxtail millet. Nucleotide substitution (Ka/Ks) under purifying positive selection pressure. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR eleven R2R3-type they preferentially expressed shoots seeds actively responded environment stimuli. Current results provide insightful information regarding molecular features support further functional characterizations.

Язык: Английский

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The Potential of CRISPR/Cas Technology to Enhance Crop Performance on Adverse Soil Conditions

Plants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(9), С. 1892 - 1892

Опубликована: Май 5, 2023

Worldwide food security is under threat in the actual scenery of global climate change because major staple crops are not adapted to hostile climatic and soil conditions. Significant efforts have been performed maintain yield crops, using traditional breeding innovative molecular techniques assist them. However, additional strategies necessary achieve future demand. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) technology, as well its variants, emerged alternatives transgenic plant breeding. This novelty has helped accelerate modifications confront impact abiotic stress on agriculture systems. review summarizes current advances CRISPR/Cas applications deal with main conditions, such drought, flooding waterlogging, salinity, heavy metals, nutrient deficiencies. In addition, potential extremophytes a reservoir new mechanisms for tolerance, their orthologue identification edition shown. Moreover, challenges prospects related technology issues, legal regulations, customer acceptance will be discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Chemical and Transcriptomic Analyses of Leaf Cuticular Wax Metabolism in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus under Osmotic Stress

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2), С. 227 - 227

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Plant cuticular wax forms a hydrophobic structure in the cuticle layer covering epidermis as first barrier between plants and environments. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, leguminous desert shrub, exhibits high tolerances to multiple abiotic stress. The physiological, chemical, transcriptomic analyses of epidermal permeability, metabolism related gene expression profiles under osmotic stress A. mongolicus leaves were performed. Physiological revealed decreased leaf permeability Chemical saturated straight-chain alkanes major components wax, stress, contents total alkane significantly increased. Transcriptome up-regulation genes involved biosynthesis very-long-chain fatty acids transportation Weighted co-expression network analysis identified 17 modules 6 hub accumulation, including 5 enzyme coding KCS, KCR, WAX2, FAR, LACS, an ABCG transporter gene. Our findings indicated that inhibit water loss via regulating wax-related genes, further promoting accumulation. This study provided new evidence for understanding roles lipids tolerance plants.

Язык: Английский

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Genome-wide analysis of MYB transcription factor family and AsMYB1R subfamily contribution to ROS homeostasis regulation in Avena sativa under PEG-induced drought stress

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024

Abstract Background The myeloblastosis ( MYB ) transcription factor (TF) family is one of the largest and most important TF families in plants, playing an role a life cycle abiotic stress. Results In this study, 268 Avena sativa AsMYB TFs from were identified named according to their order location on chromosomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis Arabidopsis proteins performed determine homology, AsMYB1R classified into 5 subgroups, AsMYB2R 34 subgroups. conserved domains gene structure highly among Eight differentially expressed genes screened transcriptome transcriptional data validated through RT-qPCR. Three subgroup, which are related shortened growth period, stomatal closure, nutrient water transport by PEG-induced drought stress, investigated more details. subgroup LHY REV 1 , together with GST, regulate ROS homeostasis ensure signal transduction scavenge excess avoid oxidative damage. Conclusion results study confirmed that involved homeostatic regulation under This lays foundation for further investigating involvement regulating A. response mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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