Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127, С. 104023 - 104023
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2024
Язык: Английский
Development Growth & Differentiation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Previous studies have shown that tissue regeneration induces expression of genes play important roles in regeneration. Recently, several identified regeneration-response enhancers (RREs) activate gene by injury. Particularly, we showed RREs contain two transcription factor-binding motifs: a bHLH motif, an E-box, and AP-1/bZIP 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate response element (TRE). However, the triggers subsequent signals generated injury are still unclear. In this study, analyzed RRE activation using various models. Although inter-ray incisions skin exfoliation injuries did not or genes, fin puncture activated genes. After injury, msxc was only on proximal side hole where blastema-like formed, whereas RREs, junbb, fibronectin 1b (fn1b) were both distal sides, implying fn1b is independent blastema formation. Here, also established mild cryoinjury method. transient vascular destruction, increase cell death, accumulation myeloid cells observed; however, no major morphological damage observed. Importantly, induced cryoinjury, fn1b, 1.8 k (-1.8 kb promoter fn1b) activated, suggesting responses without forming blastema. Thus, our study shows model transgenic (Tg) zebrafish may provide useful platform for exploring signals.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 602(11), С. 2361 - 2365
Опубликована: Май 27, 2024
The title of this Special Issue Journal Physiology, 'The Physiology Evolution', was chosen because only by reintegrating physiological processes back into evolutionary biology can itself escape from the impasse which a hardened version Modern Synthesis has led it (see Noble & Noble, 2023, specifically pp. 230−232, for history hardening Synthesis). As Charles Darwin would have been first to recognise, is possible achieve separation between physiology and evolution dogmatically insisting on tight barrier soma germline, precisely what Weismann did in 1883 following Darwin's death 1882. had no experimental evidence his proposal. Indeed he wrote: 'It does not matter whether I am able do so or [provide evidence] …once established that natural selection principle be considered, necessarily follows facts correctly explained selection' (Weismann, 1893, 336−337, our emphasis). Dogma role science, applied soma–germline communication molecular biology. We will return central issue at end Editorial, since we believe problem Barrier now solved experimentally. By contrast, worked hard during last decade life, together with physiologist George Romanes (1886a,b), prove there communication, convinced held clues still missing grand scheme (Noble, 2022a). Today, 142 years later, see beginnings reunion these two great domains ramifications such are vast; well beyond remit single journal. But already substantial present here sufficient show lies ahead. hope encourage more research evolution. For far too long, relegated being irrelevant 21 articles published that, contrary, deeply relevant. Guest Editors Issue, expected good response, existed group, THETHIRDWAYOFEVOLUTION (https://www.thethirdwayofevolution.com), discusses shares new insights bounds standard Synthesis. Even so, range depth work presented shows ready meet challenge leading way out dogmatic versions divided six areas research. Munaron et al. (2024) how systems naming protein functions very misleading. Proteins coaxed various shapes their microenvironment therefore usually functions. DNA sequences, multi-functionality common. may 20,000 protein-coding genes, but hundreds thousands even three-dimensional structures. Intriguingly, they cite Lamarck as biologist warn against confusing categorisation Nature itself. Spitzer's challenging article tackles origin life question. Early included incorporation ions functional RNAs proteins, notably potassium magnesium. He identifies earth's rotation physical force 'kept prebiotic molecules continuous cyclic disequilibria Usiglio-type intertidal pools.' Metal kind 'fossil' indicate happened earliest stages earth. They get incorporated forming enzymes channels, act co-activators RNA ribozymes (Brannvall Kirsebom, 2001). Spitzer crowding key factor, meaning critical degree living cells tolerate free water. Much cell like colloidal gel, calls cytogel. From speculations designs pre-Cambrian tree (Fig. 7 article). Of course, story incomplete: puzzle thus incomplete; completing depends pieces microbiology, geobiology, biochemistry chemistry.' Reading article, physiologists daunted challenge. To proposal, suggest require those study cooperate open-minded resolve important questions. Shapiro's demonstrates regulation must early development found bacterial films, use quorum sensing regulate growth feeding. also engage extensively genetic engineering freely exchanging DNA: 'DNA modification bacteria occurs fully organic subject regulation. That basic message brief note.' 'Natural engineering', Shapiro applauded, requires if succeed harnessing stochasticity. outcome genomes cannot purely random (Beavan al., 2023). Gontier head-on fact main reason exclusion [of biology] presential futuristic outlook while theory traditionally defined history.' She argues needs deal function, causation, teleonomy, agency cognition. concludes 'physiologists players larger debates biomedical sciences over reductionism versus holism, mechanism emergentism, structure proximate ultimate causes behaviour, ontogeny phylogeny, gene-determinism epigenetics.' These arguments further developed de Loof (2024). '"Life" sounds noun, denotes an activity, verb.' Life process, thing. Its cessation (death) disappearance any particular matter. It organisation. 'Through problem-solving precedes selection, driving its own evolution.' paraphrases Dobzhansky: 'Nothing makes sense except light ability communicate, doing solve problems both hardware software way.' all comes down agency, organismic autonomy. Rosslenbroich persuasively 'throughout organisms increase independence stability towards environmental influences.' This factor evolving process. Philip Ball (2024), book, How Works, 'causal spreading'. Causation taken increasingly away higher levels Or, put does: 'There seems large-scale trajectory some gained autonomy flexibility.' Again, genome Agency nowhere apparent than 'a suite apparently non-functional, pleasurable behaviours observed human non-human animals', otherwise called 'play'. Lewis explores feedforward feedback underly intriguing play behaviour many different important, just much (referred previous articles) too, including genes proteins. Recall al's reminder about itself! Ariza-Mateos (2024a) explore call 'mRNA archaeology', refers 'the search structural/functional relics informative developments cellular viral worlds.' mean 'RNA (ribozymes) … certain structural elements mRNAs RNAs, raising possibility could continuity form though biochemical basis different. Their 'trace proto-mRNA molecules, prior advent code bind ribosome.' In second (Ariza-Mateos 2024b), authors another feature treating causal agents: communicate objects achieved. area contribute deeper understanding On strictly reductionist interpretation biology, exist. Yet popularisations neo-Darwinism attribute words imply where make sense, 'selfish', 'book life' 'blueprint' molecule DNA. thanked providing over-arching review aspects biosemiosis field recent years. longer avoid 2021). Related issues surrounding concept cognition systems. Now apply word artificial intelligence, surely deny Alexander points property nerve brains. All cognitive relevant sense. Her focuses she irrational learning, proceeds perhaps paradoxically, neural 'may lead favourable outcomes "creative" solutions.' 'Understanding learning terms, easier imagine does, fact, occur simple organisms, body tissue plants, complex tissue.' Baluška base principle: derive other cells: 'all currently supports singular organismal based extends unicellular roots.' view endowed individual sentient guides define senome effective apparatus links reception external cues productive deployment.' words, sentience embodied mind cell.' raises questions concerning multicellularity identification self. innovative roots. Using theme 'bubbling Barrier', Phillips lay Weismann's imagined finally rest. There doubt idea, formulated 1883, misled nearly century half. Most damagingly, cut off having whatsoever process write: 'How gametes learn bodily changes implications clinic, bringing intra- intergenerational mechanisms phenotypic plasticity adaptation.' conclude paying homage gemmule theory: 'because GEI [germline epigenetic inheritance] vehicle close 'gemmule', ought remind us 'progress [is] often achieved 'criticism past' Theories abandoned superseded fashionable accounts long before opportunity 'virtues.' A letter (Sun Liu, 2024) commenting confirms were aiming highlights communication. then germline inheritance propose solution speciation. Romanes's 1886 publications actively exploring without reproductive isolation, alone account 'physiological selection'. updating idea using open test. invitation world specific ways done: clarifying isolation populations, studies, emerging methodologies, complete species.' Moelling addresses inheritance. her focus precise regulated small RNAs. conclusions unanswered remain future research: sperm RNA-encoded information decoded embryos control offspring phenotypes remains unclear. Is "sperm memory" deciphered? interesting scientifically applications precision medicine, help transmission obesity type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility humans unknown extent directly amplified affect next generations transgenerational effects.' Root-Bernstein Bernstein describe agent-based model results long-running Lenski experiment Escherichia coli. today explain conservation interactomes constitute core processes. Stated simply, variations produce divergent adaptations result networked highly conserved across species?' answer selects modules composed connected rather variations. Natural acts upon phenotypes, genotypes.' punctuated …, quickly when begin slows become robust.' vindicates approach phenotype attracted commentary letter, Tez arguing application chaos opens up novel dynamic access evolution' 'Evolution solving' (De Loof, 2004; Popper, Bacigalupi Favareau 'view coordination neuronal level neither sequential nor stochastic, instead implements logic phasic alignment, organism's learned inherited sets diverse biological affinities sympathies resolved patterns implement orientations radical generativity required adaptively environments experiences.' draws distinction kinds cycle biology: ring coupled enzyme reactions (e.g. Krebs cycle), simultaneous cycles, Hodgkin cycle. forms casualty significantly 2022b, yet full consequences difference. conclude: ever-novel dimensions within noise via large population reactive nodes shared milieu.' Caporale explains why evolve evolves. 'multiple evolved relative probability adaptive mutations' generation heritable variation loop selection.' concludes: power observe directly, paired metadata documenting contexts time series, opening groundbreaking path organization representation genomes, generate distinct classes variation, acts.' evolves inevitably increases mutations. King multiple mutations occur. increased several abundantly. Such mechanisms, "mutation protocols," implicit "constraints deconstrain".' memorable assertion "just something happens, willy-nilly", spite unrelenting minimize mutation rates (Dawkins, 1976), wrong. Protocols spontaneous, nonaccidental production potentially woven normal physiology. memorably asserted Earl Deem (2004), "Not evolved, evolve."' Cano-Martinez homeostasis relation regeneration repair. might equally categorised under heading 'physiology speciation' argument repair stable stationary states, states candidates eventual hard-wiring assimilation conditions persist. 'Although mention terms homeostasis, most them vision through hormetic homeorhetic loops, particularly Furthermore, know papers loops involved Moreover, impact thesis know.' Having summarised contributions issue, question highlighted decade-long collaboration (Romanes, 1886a,b, 1892) nineteenth century, resolution microscopy permit particles proposed convey 2019). During years, fluorescence provided tools lacked, i.e. limit identify contain. extensive reference list, growing unignorable flatly repudiates [the Barrier].' provides transgenerationally. conclusion exist aspect reviewed here, beginning, health disease responsible. Genetics disease. predictions polygenic scores shown unreliable (Hingorani pinpointed big killers: cardiovascular cancer, fail predictive Fig. 3 false positives satisfy criteria demand clinical trial. same true diseases schizophrenia. Despite showing characteristics (i.e. running families), yield explanations (Torrey, author paper writes: 'Not gene causally linked schizophrenia produced improvements treatments. Thus, faulty cause schizophrenia.' despite NIMH estimated spent $8 billion genomic strategy discovering cures common ailments mankind, GWAS failure. Quite 'gene delusion' (Noble 2023): 'genes aren't thought' (Ball, 2024). 'Genes blueprint come recognise 'chasing Mendel' wild goose chase (Joyner Prendergast, 2014). rescue successful diseases. Physiologists quite genomics revolution arrived dominated funding. Dedication: Andrew Packard FLS Obituary notice Guardian dedicate memory (1929–2023) who, age 94, writing who sadly passed submitted. one few members Physiological Society maintained active interest throughout period half excluded orthodox biologists. teenage student Huxley's Evolution: 1942. His cephalopods. Had referenced remarkable mimicry octopus species (Norman purposive concerned 'what animal think doing?' thank Dirk Fuchs, specialist cephalopods, brave attempt edit Andrew's draft suitable publication. Sadly, possible. An appreciation accessed publication Linnean Society, Fellow (Bruce See Mary Kaldor's obituary (https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/sep/19/andrew-packard-obituary) (Kaldor, Please note: publisher responsible content functionality supporting supplied authors. Any queries (other content) should directed corresponding article. declare conflict interest. Both read approved final manuscript agree accountable ensuring related accuracy integrity part appropriately investigated resolved. persons designated qualify authorship, authorship listed. None.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(6), С. 1210 - 1210
Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2024
Previous reports have mainly investigated the long-term effects (>30 d), such as gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic low-grade inflammation, in mice fed fried oil. However, short-term intake of deep-fried oil is more likely to occur daily life, studies are lacking. This study aimed investigate on inflammation. Male Kunming were non-fried soybean or low (25%), medium (50%), high (100%)—fried at 4.4 g/kg for 6 d. Serum fecal samples collected day 7. In all groups oil, serum levels tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) significantly elevated 2-4-fold. Among microbiota, abundance Alloprevotella decreased by up 76%, while Lactobacilli increased 385%. The valeric acid content was positively correlated with TNF-α levels. Both negatively that Alloprevotella. summary, a ingestion even doses alters increases content, which correlates
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 127, С. 104023 - 104023
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1