Unpleasant odors compared to pleasant ones cause higher cortical activations detectable by fNIRS and observable mostly in females

APL Bioengineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Olfactory perception can be studied in deep brain regions at high spatial resolutions with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but this is complex and expensive. Electroencephalography (EEG) near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) are limited to cortical responses lower easier cheaper use. Unlike EEG, available fNIRS studies on olfaction few, scope, contradictory. Here, we investigated efficacy assessing the hedonic valence of pleasant unpleasant odors, using ten channels each hemisphere, covering orbitofrontal cortex adjacent areas involved olfactory cognitive tasks. Measurements 22 subjects (11 males 11 females) showed statistically significant higher increases oxygenated hemoglobin concentration for odor, compared one (mean difference = 1.025 × 10−1 μM). No activation was found between hemispheres. Conversely, differences were observed sexes: first time, show that activations odor relative detectable by females 1.704 μM), not an equal-sized equal-age group males. Moreover, had greater 1.285 Therefore, capture peculiarities activations, highlighting odors opposite sexes. This evidence positions next EEG as suitable technologies investigations perception, providing complementary information (late early response components, respectively), costs operation (albeit resolutions) fMRI.

Язык: Английский

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From lab to life: challenges and perspectives of fNIRS for haemodynamic-based neurofeedback in real-world environments

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 379(1915)

Опубликована: Окт. 21, 2024

Neurofeedback allows individuals to monitor and self-regulate their brain activity, potentially improving human function. Beyond the traditional electrophysiological approach using primarily electroencephalography, haemodynamics measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) more recently, near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) have been used (haemodynamic-based neurofeedback), particularly improve spatial specificity of neurofeedback. Over recent years, especially fNIRS has attracted great attention because it offers several advantages over fMRI such as increased user accessibility, cost-effectiveness mobility—the latter being most distinct feature fNIRS. The next logical step would be transfer haemodynamic-based neurofeedback protocols that already proven validated by mobile However, this undertaking is not always easy, since novices may miss important fNIRS-specific methodological challenges. This review aimed at researchers from different fields who seek exploit unique capabilities for It carefully addresses challenges suggestions possible solutions. If raised are addressed further developed, could emerge a useful technique its own application potential—the targeted training activity in real-world environments, thereby significantly expanding scope scalability applications. article part theme issue ‘Neurofeedback: new territories neurocognitive mechanisms endogenous neuromodulation’.

Язык: Английский

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Predicting cortical-thalamic functional connectivity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and graph convolutional networks

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2024

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measures cortical hemodynamic changes, yet it cannot collect this information from subcortical structures, such as the thalamus, which is involved in several key functional networks. To address drawback, we propose a machine-learning-based approach to predict cortical-thalamic connectivity using fNIRS data. We applied graph convolutional networks (GCN) two datasets obtained healthy adults and neonates with early brain injuries, respectively. Each dataset contained data input predictive models, while magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) served training targets. GCN models performed better compared conventional methods, support vector machine feedforward fully connected artificial neural networks, on both identifying connections binary classification tasks, regressing quantified strengths of connections. also addition inter-subject into kernels could improve performance that are resilient noise Our results show feasible identify activity recordings. The findings can potentially extend use clinical settings for monitoring critically ill patients.

Язык: Английский

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Monitoring nap deprivation-induced fatigue using fNIRS and deep learning

Cognitive Neurodynamics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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From light to insight: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy for unravelling cognitive impairment during task performance

BioScience Trends, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(1), С. 53 - 71

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Cognitive impairment refers to the of higher brain functions such as perception, thinking or memory that affects individual's ability perform daily social activities. Studies have found changes in neuronal activity during tasks patients with cognitive are closely related cerebral cortical hemodynamics. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy is an indirect method measure neural based on blood oxygen concentration cortex. Due its strong anti-motion interference, high compatibility, and almost no restriction participants environment, it has shown great potential research field impairment. Recognizing these benefits, this comprehensive review systematically elucidates rationale, historical development, advantages disadvantages functional spectroscopy, also discusses applications combining other detection techniques. Additionally, summarized how can be applied caused by different diseases, ultimately aiding study mechanisms activities, which crucial for diagnosis, differentiation treatment

Язык: Английский

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Outbalanced: The cross-cortical effects of prefrontal neuromodulation in posterior parietal cortex

Cortex, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 185, С. 96 - 112

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Cognitive phenomena such as the Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC) effect can arise in fronto-parietal cortical network. Prior neuromodulation studies with cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over left prefrontal cortex (PFC) reduced SNARC effect. neuroimaging functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), however, showed signatures posterior parietal (PPC). In this study, we investigated distant neural on hemodynamic activity by combining tDCS fNIRS. The and numerical distance (NDE) were assessed an event-related cross-over design (N = 45), when 1 mA at PFC was applied simultaneously during measurement fNIRS covering bilateral PPC. At behavioral level, did not significantly reduce effect, indicating that replication failed here. Crucially, neuronal activation associated but NDE. This a remote site shown preregistered primary region-of-interest analyses secondary all-channel analyses. results how combination shed light network responsible for cognition, assess effects tDCS.

Язык: Английский

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation frequency influences the hemodynamic responses in patients with disorders of consciousness

Neuroscience Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) emerges as a promising non-invasive neuromodulation technique for the treatment of patients with disorders consciousness (DOC). The selection rTMS parameters significantly influences clinical therapeutic effects. However, differences in spatiotemporal responsiveness brain under different frequencies remain unclear. In this pilot study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to evaluate hemodynamic responses elicited by at (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20Hz) over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3). results showed that distribution patterns rTMS-evoked varied across frequencies, indicating frequency DOC. Specifically, 10Hz evoked strong positive frontal cortex, particularly right (R-DLPFC). Additionally, 20Hz produced largepositive motor-related especially premotor (R-PreM) primary sensorimotor (PSMC). current findings suggested fNIRS can be tool evaluating effects Moreover, it provides useful guidance personalized design environment.

Язык: Английский

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Pain classification using functional near infrared spectroscopy and assessment of virtual reality effects in cancer pain management

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Objective measurements of pain and safe methods to alleviate it could revolutionize medicine. This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) virtual reality (VR) improve assessment explore non-pharmacological relief in cancer patients. Using resting-state fNIRS (rs-fNIRS) data multinomial logistic regression (MLR), we identified brain-based biomarkers classified severity Participants included healthy individuals who underwent rs-fNIRS recording without VR (Group A), patients both before after engaging the Oceania relaxation program intervention B), C). All participants wore a wireless headcap for brain activity recording. Pain was self-reported by using FACES Scale-Revised (FPS-R). were analyzed with MLR, categorizing into no/mild (0–4/10), moderate (5–7/10), severe (8–10/10) levels. The MLR model an unseen test group, selected leave-one-participant-out technique repeated across all participants, achieving accuracy 74%. significantly reduced intensity (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P < 0.001), significant changes connectivity patterns (P 0.05). Additionally, 75.61% experienced reductions exceeding clinically relevant threshold 30%. These findings underscore potential as useful cancer-related management, broader implications clinical management.

Язык: Английский

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Analytical pipeline optimisation in developmental fNIRS hyperscanning data: Neural coherence between four- to six-year-olds collaborating with their mothers

Imaging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Much of a child’s early learning takes place during social interactions with others. Neural synchrony, the temporal alignment individuals’ functional brain activity, is neural mechanism that may support successful interaction, but its biological origins and sensitivity to environmental factors remain unknown. This study measures coherence between 4- 6-year-old children their mothers using wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (“fNIRS”) in collaborative problem-solving hyperscanning paradigm. Best practices fNIRS data processing are incorporated optimise quantification extricate environmental- task-related effects. Results suggest physiological noise extracerebral layer artificially inflated strength both oxygenated (“HbO2”) deoxygenated (“HbR”) haemoglobin. Coherence remained stronger than individual problem solving chromophores after reduction. Phase-scrambled pseudodyad analyses supported interpretation collaboration relates dynamics interaction rather task- or environmental-related components. Strength HbO2 was positively related task performance negatively background maternal stress. HbR also stress direction results were mixed. Overall, this provides new insight into nature play.

Язык: Английский

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Application of Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy in the Study of Brain Function in Children with Autism

Journal of Contemporary Medical Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(3), С. 36 - 42

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

There is a high degree of correlation between abnormal brain functional characteristics and behavioural manifestations in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which are characterised by dys-synchronicity, connectivity, imbalance regions neural activity. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as non-invasive neuroimaging technique, more suitable for function testing ASD natural environment its advantages portability, flexibility, temporal resolution, compared techniques, such magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) positron emission tomography (PET). In recent years, fNIRS has been widely used to study the different cognitive tasks, especially areas activation patterns, diagnosis, intervention therapy. expected provide biomarkers diagnosis well individualised guidance

Язык: Английский

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