Cognitive Effort during Visuospatial Problem Solving in Physical Real World, on Computer Screen, and in Virtual Reality

Sensors, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(3), С. 977 - 977

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Spatial cognition plays a crucial role in academic achievement, particularly science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains. Immersive virtual environments (VRs) have the growing potential to reduce cognitive load improve spatial reasoning. However, traditional methods struggle assess mental effort required for visuospatial processes due difficulty verbalizing actions other limitations self-reported evaluations. In this neuroergonomics study, we aimed capture neural activity associated with workload during tasks evaluate impact of visualization medium on task performance. We utilized functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) wearable neuroimaging spatial-reasoning-based problem-solving compared VR, computer screen, physical real-world presentation. Our results reveal higher efficiency prefrontal cortex (PFC) 3D geometry puzzles VR settings world screen. appears by facilitating providing visual cues. This makes it valuable tool training, especially beginners. Additionally, our multimodal approach allows progressively increasing complexity, maintaining challenge throughout training. study underscores developing skills highlights value comparing brain data human interaction across different training settings.

Язык: Английский

---

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy: current status and future outlook

Neurophotonics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(01)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2023

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) has emerged as a versatile, noninvasive method for deep tissue perfusion assessment using near-infrared light. A broad class of applications is being pursued in neuromonitoring and beyond. However, technical limitations the technology originally implemented remain barriers to wider adoption. wide variety approaches improve measurement performance reduce cost are explored; these include interferometric methods, camera-based multispeckle detection, long path photon selection improved depth sensitivity. We review here current status DCS summarize future development directions challenges that on widespread

Язык: Английский

---

Wearable, high-density fNIRS and diffuse optical tomography technologies: a perspective

Neurophotonics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(02)

Опубликована: Май 17, 2023

Recent progress in optoelectronics has made wearable and high-density functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) diffuse optical tomography (DOT) technologies possible for the first time. These have potential to open new fields of real-world neuroscience by enabling neuroimaging human cortex at a resolution comparable fMRI almost any environment population. In this perspective article, we provide brief overview history current status fNIRS DOT approaches, discuss greatest ongoing challenges, our thoughts on future remarkable technology.

Язык: Английский

---

Roadmap on computational methods in optical imaging and holography [invited]

Applied Physics B, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 130(9)

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024

Computational methods have been established as cornerstones in optical imaging and holography recent years. Every year, the dependence of on computational is increasing significantly to extent that components are being completely efficiently replaced with at low cost. This roadmap reviews current scenario four major areas namely incoherent digital holography, quantitative phase imaging, through scattering layers, super-resolution imaging. In addition registering perspectives modern-day architects above research areas, also reports some latest studies topic. codes pseudocodes presented for a plug-and-play fashion readers not only read understand but practice algorithms their data. We believe this will be valuable tool analyzing trends predict prepare future holography.

Язык: Английский

---

Mental workload assessment by monitoring brain, heart, and eye with six biomedical modalities during six cognitive tasks

Frontiers in Neuroergonomics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5

Опубликована: Март 12, 2024

Introduction The efficiency and safety of complex high precision human-machine systems such as in aerospace robotic surgery are closely related to the cognitive readiness, ability manage workload, situational awareness their operators. Accurate assessment mental workload could help preventing operator error allow for pertinent intervention by predicting performance declines that can arise from either work overload or under stimulation. Neuroergonomic approaches based on measures human body brain activity collectively provide sensitive reliable training environments. Methods In this study, we developed a new six-cognitive-domain task protocol, coupling it with six biomedical monitoring modalities concurrently capture correlates across longitudinal multi-day investigation. Utilizing two distinct each aspect cardiac (ECG PPG), ocular (EOG eye-tracking), (EEG fNIRS), 23 participants engaged four sessions over 4 weeks, performing tasks associated working memory, vigilance, risk assessment, shifting attention, situation awareness, inhibitory control. Results results revealed varying levels sensitivity within modality. While certain exhibited consistency tasks, neuroimaging modalities, particular, unveiled meaningful differences between conditions domains. Discussion This is first comprehensive comparison these brain-body multiple days findings underscore potential wearable sensing methods evaluating workload. Such neuroergonomic inform development next generation neuroadaptive interfaces more efficient interaction skill acquisition.

Язык: Английский

---

Inhibiting responses under the watch of a recently synchronized peer increases self-monitoring: evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Open Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Developing motor synchrony with a peer (through interventions such as the mirror game) can yield collaborative, cognitive and social benefits. However, it is also well established that observation by an audience improve cognition. The combined relative advantages offered synchronization effects are not yet understood. It important to address this gap determine extent which synchronizing activities might interact positive of audience. In preregistered study, we investigate response inhibition may be improved when observed after peer. We compare behavioural cortical (functional near-infrared spectroscopy; fNIRS) measures between synchronized non-synchronized dyads find presence peer-audience introduces speed-accuracy trade-off, consisting slower reaction times accuracy. This co-occurs activation in bilateral inferior frontal middle prefrontal cortices, implicated monitoring maintenance alignment. Our findings have implications for carers support people, who benefit from rehabilitating skills clinical settings.

Язык: Английский

---

Optical approaches for neurocritical care: Toward non-invasive recording of cerebral physiology in acute brain injury

Neurotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e00520 - e00520

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Comparing the performance potential of speckle contrast optical spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy for cerebral blood flow monitoring using Monte Carlo simulations in realistic head geometries

Neurophotonics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(01)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2024

SignificanceThe non-invasive measurement of cerebral blood flow based on diffuse optical techniques has seen increased interest as a research tool for perfusion monitoring in critical care and functional brain imaging. Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) speckle contrast (SCOS) are two such that measure complementary aspects the fluctuating intensity signal, with DCS quantifying temporal fluctuations signal SCOS spatial blurring pattern. With increasing use these techniques, thorough comparison would inform new adopters benefits each technique.AimWe systematically evaluate performance flow.ApproachMonte Carlo simulations dynamic light scattering an MRI-derived head model were performed. For both SCOS, estimates sensitivity to changes, coefficient variation measured flow, contrast-to-noise ratio calculated. By varying data collection between methods, we investigated different strategies, including altering number modes per detector, integration time/fitting time measurement, laser source delivery strategy.ResultsThrough across metrics simulated detectors having realistic noise properties, determine several guiding principles optimization report over range properties tissue geometries. We find outperforms terms ideal case here but note requires careful experimental calibrations ensure accurate measurements flow.ConclusionWe provide design by which development systems their flow.

Язык: Английский

---

Mobile fNIRS for exploring inter-brain synchrony across generations and time

Frontiers in Neuroergonomics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

While still relatively rare, longitudinal hyperscanning studies are exceptionally valuable for documenting changes in inter-brain synchrony, which may turn underpin how behaviors develop and evolve social settings. The generalizability ecological validity of this experimental approach hinges on the selected imaging technique being mobile–a requirement met by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS has most frequently been used to examine development synchrony behavior child-parent dyads. In position paper, we contend that dedicating attention intergenerational stands benefit fields cognitive neuroscience more broadly. We argue is particularly relevant understanding neural mechanisms underpinning dynamics, potentially benchmarking progress psychological interventions, many situated contexts. line with our position, highlight areas research stand be enhanced mobile devices, describe challenges arise from measuring across generations real world, offer potential solutions.

Язык: Английский

---

The influence of voxelotor on cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction in pediatric sickle cell disease

Blood, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 143(21), С. 2145 - 2151

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Abstract Voxelotor is an inhibitor of sickle hemoglobin polymerization that used to treat cell disease. Although voxelotor has been shown improve anemia, the clinical benefit on brain remains be determined. This study quantified cerebral hemodynamic effects in children with anemia (SCA) using noninvasive diffuse optical spectroscopies. Specifically, frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy combined correlation were noninvasively assess regional oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), blood volume, and index flow (CBFi). Estimates CBFi first validated against arterial spin–labeled magnetic resonance imaging (ASL-MRI) 8 SCA aged 18 years. was significantly positively correlated ASL-MRI–measured (R2 = 0.651; P .015). Next, a single-center, open-label pilot completed 4 17 years voxelotor, monitored before treatment initiation at 4, 8, 12 weeks (NCT05018728). By weeks, both OEF decreased, these decreases persisted (both < .05). Decreases increases (Hb) concentration (P .025), whereas between Hb trended toward significance .12). Given previous work are elevated pediatric compared controls, results suggest may reduce impairments. trial registered www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT05018728.

Язык: Английский

---