Training strategies of 10,074 athletes from 121 countries based on human development index in early COVID-19 lockdown

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between changes in training practices and human development index (HDI) levels, identify strategies employed by athletes who consistently maintained their quantity during the first 100 days COVID-19 pandemic. A total 10,074 (5290 amateur 4787 professional from 121 countries) completed an online survey 17 May 5 July 2020. We explored practices, including specific questions on frequency, duration before lockdown (March–June 2020), stratified according (HDI): low-medium, high, or very high HDI. During lockdown, low-medium HDI countries focused innovative training. Nevertheless, women experienced a substantial reduction activity. Performance-driven higher indexed countries, were likely have more opportunities diversify activities lockdowns, facilitated flexibility perform away home. Factors such as rules, socioeconomic environment, education limited diversification approaches, particularly countries. Athletes (amateurs professionals) appeared prioritize basic cardiovascular strength training, irrespective level. Modifying fitness programs may help mitigate decrease lockdowns. Customized prescriptions based gender, performance, level will assist individuals effectively maintain other challenging (lockdown-like) situations.

Язык: Английский

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Epidemiology of Injury and Illness in North American Professional Men’s Soccer: Comparing COVID-19 Lockdown With Previous Seasons

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 18, 2024

Background: After COVID-19 lockdown, studies across Europe and Asia examined its effect on professional soccer injury rates severity; however, lockdown influence injuries in United States men’s has not been evaluated. Hypothesis: Injury illness during the 2020 season were higher than previous 2 seasons. Study Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Level of Evidence: 3. Methods: Medical staff from participating Major League Soccer (MLS) clubs entered athletic exposures study period into a league-wide electronic medical record system. rate severity analyzed to examine differentials between COVID historical controls. Results: The incidence per 1000 hours was 10.8, ie, 2018 (5.4) 2019 (5.0) ( P < 0.05). Training increased (8.9) compared with (2.5) (2.6) 0.05), whereas match decreased (18.3) (24.0) (22.7) Incidence lower extremity muscle (6.04), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) (0.17), concussions (0.49) also (2.5, 0.07, 0.27) (2.36, 0.05, 0.22) More injured players missed >90 days (17.7%) (10.2%) (10.1%) all non-COVID-19 (3.93) (1.53) (1.32) Conclusions: During 2020, there significant increases overall injuries, training muscular ACL concussions, non-COVID illness, along percentage missing Clinical Relevance: These results may help clarify effects future MLS inseason work stoppages periods restricted training.

Язык: Английский

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Sleepiness among Professional, Semi Professional and Students Chinese Soccer Players in the Shanghai Lockdown

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

BACKGROUND. The aims of this study was to compare differences in daytime sleepiness between genders and qualification levels a cohort university Chinese soccer player under 0 Covid policy restrictions the urban area Shanghai. METHODS. 491 questionnaires Epworth Sleepiness Scales (ESS) were compiled online by males females Soccer Students (SS), Semi-professional players (SP) professional (PP) during ongoing measures Shanghai lockdown. ANOVA performed for gender. RESULTS. Significant found 3 females. PP showed very low score ESS (5,97) well below threshold 8, while SS SP an above threshold. Female higher scores than males. CONCLUSIONS. This present first data on different level lockdown condition. Professional has been less affected SP. We can hypothesize reasons resides more ordered lifestyle comparison SP, which mitigated effects Measures improve sleep females&rsquo; should be adopted.

Язык: Английский

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Daytime sleepiness in Chinese professional, semi professional and students soccer players in the Shanghai lockdown

BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023

Abstract Purpose April-May 2021 Shanghai city was under strict lockdown. Soccer players suffered from the restrictions, being unable to train and have a social life. The aim of this study compare differences in daytime sleepiness between genders qualification levels cohort university Chinese soccer player 0 Covid policy restrictions urban area Shanghai. Methods 491 questionnaires Epworth Sleepiness Scales (ESS) were compiled online by male female Students (SS), Semi-Professional (SP) Professional Players (PP) during ongoing restriction measures post ANOVA performed for gender. Results Significant found 3 males females. PP showed very low score ESS (5,97) well below threshold 8 sleepiness, while SS SP an above threshold. Female higher scores comparison males. Differences females reflect confinement conditions items, showing more difference item which are related with indoor situations. Conclusions This shows first data on different level immediately lockdown condition. male’s lower, than females, after exceptional measures. reasons can reside ordered lifestyle SP, mitigated effects Our results suggest that improve sleep females’ should be adopted if these will happen again.

Язык: Английский

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