Global diversity of microbial communities in marine sediment

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(44), С. 27587 - 27597

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2020

Significance Marine sediment covers 70% of Earth’s surface and harbors as much biomass seawater. However, the global taxonomic diversity marine sedimentary communities, spatial distribution that remain unclear. We investigated microbial composition from 40 globally distributed sampling locations, spanning depths 0.1 to 678 m. Statistical analysis reveals oxygen presence or absence organic carbon concentration are key environmental factors for defining communities. Global richness predicted by species–area relationship models is 7.85 × 10 3 6.10 5 Archaea 3.28 4 2.46 6 Bacteria amplicon sequence variants, which comparable in seawater topsoil.

Язык: Английский

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The fate of organic carbon in marine sediments - New insights from recent data and analysis

Earth-Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 204, С. 103146 - 103146

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Lake Sedimentary DNA Research on Past Terrestrial and Aquatic Biodiversity: Overview and Recommendations

Quaternary, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(1), С. 6 - 6

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2021

The use of lake sedimentary DNA to track the long-term changes in both terrestrial and aquatic biota is a rapidly advancing field paleoecological research. Although largely applied nowadays, knowledge gaps remain this there therefore still research be conducted ensure reliability signal. Building on most recent literature seven original case studies, we synthesize state-of-the-art analytical procedures for effective sampling, extraction, amplification, quantification and/or generation inventories from ancient (sedaDNA) via high-throughput sequencing technologies. We provide recommendations based current best practises.

Язык: Английский

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Sediment oxygen consumption: Role in the global marine carbon cycle

Earth-Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 228, С. 103987 - 103987

Опубликована: Март 12, 2022

The seabed plays a key role in the marine carbon cycle as a) terminal location of aerobic oxidation organic matter, b) greatest anaerobic bioreactor, and c) repository for reactive on Earth. We compiled data oxygen uptake sediments with objective to understand constraints mineralization rates deposited matter their relation environmental parameters. database includes nearly 4000 O2 is available supplementary material. It also information bottom water concentration, penetration depth, geographic position, full sources. present different situ ex approaches measure total (TOU) diffusive (DOU) discuss robustness towards methodological errors statistical uncertainty. transport through benthic boundary layers, diffusion- fauna-mediated uptake, coupling respiration processes. Five regional examples are presented illustrate diversity seabed: Eutrophic seas, minimum zones, abyssal plains, mid-oceanic gyres, hadal trenches. A multiple correlation analysis shows that primarily controlled by ocean depth sea surface primary productivity. scales DOU according power law breaks down under gyres. developed model was used draw global map rates. Respiratory coefficients, differentiated regions ocean, were convert oxidation. resulting budget an 212 Tmol C yr−1 5-95% confidence interval 175-260 yr−1. comparison flux particulate (POC) from photic waters deep sea, determined sediment trap studies, suggests deficit sedimentation at 2000 m about 70% relative turnover underlying seabed. At margins, rivers vegetated coastal ecosystems contributes greatly may even exceed phytoplankton production inner continental shelf.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrification and beyond: metabolic versatility of ammonia oxidising archaea

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(9), С. 1358 - 1368

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023

Ammonia oxidising archaea are among the most abundant living organisms on Earth and key microbial players in global nitrogen cycle. They carry out oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, their activity is relevant for both food security climate change. Since discovery nearly 20 years ago, major insights have been gained into carbon metabolism, growth preferences mechanisms adaptation environment, as well diversity, abundance environment. Despite significant strides forward through cultivation novel omics-based approaches, there still many knowledge gaps metabolism which enable them adapt microorganisms typically considered metabolically streamlined highly specialised. Here we review physiology archaea, with focus aspects metabolic versatility regulation, discuss these traits context nitrifier ecology.

Язык: Английский

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Vertical diversity and association pattern of total, abundant and rare microbial communities in deep‐sea sediments

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 30(12), С. 2800 - 2816

Опубликована: Май 8, 2021

Microbial abundance and community composition in marine sediments have been widely explored. However, high-resolution vertical changes of benthic microbial diversity co-occurrence patterns are poorly described. The ecological contributions abundant rare species also remain largely unknown. Here, by analysing populations at 14 depth layers 10 subseafloor sediment cores (water 1,250-3,530 m) obtained the South China Sea, we provided profiles β-diversity influenced subcommunities different abundance. These 134 samples were clustered into four groups according to (1-2, 6-10, 30-90 190-790 cm) with obvious shifts compositions. succession microorganisms was consistent redox zonation terrestrial inputs. Partitioning showed extremely high replacement between deep surface layer, indicating selection-induced loss dispersal dormant cells spores. By contrast, for horizontal β-diversity, richness became increasingly significant sediments. Accompanying this profile clear association pattern, being less connected deeper layers, probably reflecting reduced syntrophic interactions. Rare accounted an indispensable proportion network, tended form complex "small worlds." subcommunity responded differently various environmental factors compared subcommunity. Our findings expand current knowledge on their patterns, emphasizing potential roles species.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic activity analyses demonstrate that Lokiarchaeon exhibits homoacetogenesis in sulfidic marine sediments

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 5(2), С. 248 - 255

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the abundance, metabolic potential and gene expression of subseafloor Chloroflexi in million-year-old oxic and anoxic abyssal clay

FEMS Microbiology Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 96(12)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020

Chloroflexi are widespread in subsurface environments, and recent studies indicate that they represent a major fraction of the communities subseafloor sediment. Here, we compare abundance, diversity, metabolic potential gene expression from three abyssal sediment cores western North Atlantic Gyre (water depth >5400 m) covering up to 15 million years deposition, where were found components community at all sites. die off oxic red clay over 10-15 years, was below detection. In contrast, abundance anoxic site increase seafloor peak 2-3 million-year-old sediment, indicating comparably higher activity. Metatranscriptomes reveal increased genes involved cell wall biogenesis, protein turnover, inorganic ion transport, defense mechanisms prophages. Phylogenetic analysis shows these closely related homoacetogenic clades actively transcribe sugar fermentations, gluconeogenesis Wood-Ljungdahl pathway subseafloor. Concomitant division indicates putative growing sediments.

Язык: Английский

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Hybridisation capture allows DNA damage analysis of ancient marine eukaryotes

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2021

Abstract Marine sedimentary ancient DNA ( sed aDNA) is increasingly used to study past ocean ecosystems, however, studies have been severely limited by the very low amounts of preserved in subseafloor, and lack bioinformatic tools authenticate aDNA metagenomic data. We applied a hybridisation capture ‘baits’ technique target marine eukaryote (specifically, phyto- zooplankton, ‘Planktonbaits1’; harmful algal bloom taxa, ‘HABbaits1’), which resulted up 4- 9-fold increases, respectively, relative abundance eukaryotes compared shotgun sequencing. further tool ‘HOPS’ component, establishing new proxy assess authenticity, “% damage”, that positively correlated with subseafloor depth. this report first-ever damage profiles from phytoplankton species, ubiquitous coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi . Our approach opens avenues for detailed investigation long-term change evolution over geological timescales.

Язык: Английский

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High and specific diversity of protists in the deep-sea basins dominated by diplonemids, kinetoplastids, ciliates and foraminiferans

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2021

Abstract Heterotrophic protists (unicellular eukaryotes) form a major link from bacteria and algae to higher trophic levels in the sunlit ocean. Their role on deep seafloor, however, is only fragmentarily understood, despite their potential key function for global carbon cycling. Using approach of combined DNA metabarcoding cultivation-based surveys 11 deep-sea regions, we show that protist communities, mostly overlooked current foodweb models, are highly specific, locally diverse have little overlap pelagic communities. Besides traditionally considered foraminiferans, tiny including diplonemids, kinetoplastids ciliates were genetically considerably exceeding diversity metazoans. Deep-sea protists, many parasitic species, represent thus one most biodiversity compartments Earth system, forming an essential

Язык: Английский

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