Ecological Indicators,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
156, С. 111159 - 111159
Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2023
Insufficient
conservation
measures
and
intense
human
disturbances
gave
rise
to
severe
landscape
ecological
risks
(LERs)
in
transboundary
areas,
highlighting
the
significance
of
networks
maintain
functions
integrity.
However,
previous
studies
mainly
concerned
inner
regions
a
country,
various
risk
factors
remain
be
incorporated
into
network
identification
clarify
priorities
for
conservation.
In
this
study,
we
took
Altai
Mountains
areas
China,
Kazakhstan,
Russia,
Mongolia
as
study
area,
identified
by
integrating
LER
assessment,
ecosystem
service
evaluation
circuit
theory.
The
results
showed
that
was
spatially
heterogenous
with
salient
exposure
China
Mongolia,
disturbance
aggregated
Russia.
included
sources
an
area
1.6
×
105
km2
corridors
total
length
1.1
104
km,
densely
distributed
Russia
Kazakhstan.
proportion
not
covered
existing
protected
reached
53.8
%,
indicating
further
We
put
forward
management
zoning
different
grades
better
support
actions
on
sources.
Furthermore,
suggestions
were
proposed
conserve
typical
landscapes
Mountains.
can
facilitate
plannings
policies
Simultaneously,
it
also
provides
reference
effective
risked
ecosystems
other
areas.
Human
Footprint,
the
pressure
imposed
on
eco-environment
by
changing
ecological
processes
and
natural
landscapes,
is
raising
worldwide
concerns
biodiversity
conservation.
Due
to
lack
of
spatiotemporally
consistent
datasets
Footprint
over
a
long
temporal
span,
many
relevant
studies
this
topic
have
been
limited.
Here,
we
mapped
annual
dynamics
global
from
2000
2018
using
eight
variables
that
reflect
different
aspects
human
pressures.
The
accuracy
assessment
revealed
good
agreement
between
our
results
previously
developed
in
years.
We
found
more
than
two
million
km
Protected
areas
safeguard
biodiversity,
ensure
ecosystem
functioning,
and
deliver
services
to
communities.
However,
only
~16%
of
the
world's
land
area
is
under
some
form
protection,
prompting
international
calls
protect
at
least
30%
by
2030.
We
modeled
outcomes
achieving
this
30
×
target
for
terrestrial
biodiversity
conservation,
climate
change
mitigation,
nutrient
regulation.
find
that
additional
~2.8
million
ha
habitat
would
be
protected
benefit
1134
±
175
vertebrate
species
whose
habitats
currently
lack
any
as
well
contribute
either
avoided
carbon
emissions
or
dioxide
sequestration,
equivalent
10.9
3.6
GtCO2
year-1
(28.4
9.4%
global
nature-based
climate-change
mitigation
potential).
Furthermore,
expansion
network
increase
its
ability
regulate
water
quality
mitigate
pollution
142.5
31.0
MtN
(28.5
6.2%
regulation
Ecological Indicators,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
148, С. 110121 - 110121
Опубликована: Март 14, 2023
Protected
areas
(PAs)
play
a
key
role
in
mitigating
ecological
crises.
Currently,
priority
protected
(PPAs)
focus
on
biological
conservation,
and
few
studies
have
considered
the
connectivity
between
patches.
Few
formulated
future
conservation
measures
from
two
dimensions
of
security
pattern
(ESP)
reserve
effectiveness.
To
fill
this
gap,
study
use
ESP
to
identify
that
meet
objectives.
We
take
Wuhan
metropolitan
area
as
research
area.
constructed
framework
for
formulating
development
plans
based
areas.
The
complete
method
system,
we
focused
construction
evaluation
index
system
landscape
connectivity.
Then,
effectiveness
PAs
could
be
evaluated,
PPAs
identified.
results
showed
there
were
five
isolated
among
existing
PAs.
Moreover,
total
was
9328.91
km2,
they
had
high
value.
Due
low
protection
rate
PPAs,
are
not
main
target
PAs;
thus,
new
According
our
plan,
with
different
classes
will
achieve
functions
work.
Our
focuses
achieving
sustainable
formulates
environmental
land
planning
balance
urban
development.
It
can
provide
information
support
realization
2030
vision
Subterranean
ecosystems
(comprising
terrestrial,
semi-aquatic,
and
aquatic
components)
are
increasingly
threatened
by
human
activities;
however,
the
current
network
of
surface-protected
areas
is
inadequate
to
safeguard
subterranean
biodiversity.
Establishing
protected
for
challenging.
First,
there
technical
obstacles
in
mapping
three-dimensional
with
uncertain
boundaries.
Second,
rarity
endemism
organisms,
combined
a
scarcity
taxonomists,
delays
accumulation
essential
biodiversity
knowledge.
Third,
establishing
agreements
preserve
requires
collaboration
among
multiple
actors
often
competing
interests.
This
perspective
addresses
challenges
preserving
through
areas.
Even
face
uncertainties,
we
suggest
it
both
timely
critical
assess
general
criteria
protection
implement
them
based
on
precautionary
principles.
To
this
end,
examine
status
European
discuss
solutions
improve
their
coverage
ecosystems.
