Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30(8)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Abstract
Marine
heatwaves
(MHWs),
increasing
in
duration
and
intensity
because
of
climate
change,
are
now
a
major
threat
to
marine
life
can
have
lasting
effects
on
the
structure
function
ecosystems.
However,
responses
taxa
ecosystems
MHWs
be
highly
variable,
making
predicting
interpreting
biological
outcomes
challenge.
Here,
we
review
how
MHWs,
from
individuals
ecosystems,
mediated
by
fine‐scale
spatial
variability
coastal
environment
(hereafter,
local
gradients).
Viewing
observed
through
lens
ecological
theory,
present
simple
framework
three
‘resilience
processes’
(RPs)
which
gradients
influence
MHWs.
Local
(1)
amount
stress
directly
experienced
individuals,
(2)
facilitate
adaptation
acclimatization
populations,
(3)
shape
community
composition
then
influences
We
synthesize
known
examples
that
affected
benthic
foundation
species
including
kelp
forests,
coral
reefs,
seagrass
meadows
link
these
varying
RPs.
series
case
studies
various
illustrate
differential
impacts
both
temperature
other
co‐occurring
drivers.
In
many
cases,
had
large
effect
sizes
with
several
causing
10‐fold
difference
or
more
(e.g.,
survival,
coverage).
This
highlights
need
for
high‐resolution
environmental
data
accurately
predict
manage
consequences
context
ongoing
change.
While
current
tools
may
capture
some
already,
advocate
enhanced
monitoring
finer
scale
integration
heterogeneity
into
models.
will
essential
developing
effective
conservation
strategies
mitigating
future
biodiversity
loss.
Nature Reviews Genetics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
25(3), С. 165 - 183
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
All
life
forms
across
the
globe
are
experiencing
drastic
changes
in
environmental
conditions
as
a
result
of
global
climate
change.
These
happening
rapidly,
incur
substantial
socioeconomic
costs,
pose
threats
to
biodiversity
and
diminish
species'
potential
adapt
future
environments.
Understanding
monitoring
how
organisms
respond
human-driven
change
is
therefore
major
priority
for
conservation
rapidly
changing
environment.
Recent
developments
genomic,
transcriptomic
epigenomic
technologies
enabling
unprecedented
insights
into
evolutionary
processes
molecular
bases
adaptation.
This
Review
summarizes
methods
that
apply
integrate
omics
tools
experimentally
investigate,
monitor
predict
species
communities
wild
cope
with
change,
which
by
genetically
adapting
new
conditions,
through
range
shifts
or
phenotypic
plasticity.
We
identify
advantages
limitations
each
method
discuss
research
avenues
would
improve
our
understanding
responses
highlighting
need
holistic,
multi-omics
approaches
ecosystem
during
Species
can
shifting
their
these
responses.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
871, С. 162113 - 162113
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023
Anomalously
high
ocean
temperatures
have
increased
in
frequency,
intensity,
and
duration
over
the
last
several
decades
because
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions
that
cause
global
warming
marine
heatwaves.
Reef-building
corals
are
sensitive
to
such
temperature
anomalies
commonly
lead
coral
bleaching,
mortality,
changes
community
structure.
Yet,
despite
these
overarching
effects,
there
geographical
differences
thermal
regimes,
evolutionary
histories,
past
disturbances
may
different
bleaching
responses
within
among
oceans.
Here
we
examined
overall
Atlantic,
Indian,
Pacific
Oceans,
using
both
a
spatially
explicit
Bayesian
mixed-effects
model
deep-learning
neural-network
model.
We
used
40-year
dataset
encompassing
23,288
coral-reef
surveys
at
11,058
sites
88
countries,
from
1980
2020.
Focusing
on
ocean-wide
assessed
relationships
between
percentage
bleached
temperature-related
metrics
alongside
suite
environmental
variables.
found
while
sea-surface
were
consistently,
strongly,
related
all
oceans,
clear
most
For
instance,
was
an
increase
with
depth
Atlantic
Ocean
whereas
opposite
observed
Indian
Ocean,
no
trend
could
be
seen
Ocean.
The
standard
deviation
thermal-stress
negatively
but
not
Globally,
has
progressively
occurred
higher
four
although,
again,
three
Together,
patterns
highlight
historical
circumstances
oceanographic
conditions
play
central
role
contemporary
coral-bleaching
responses.
Evolutionary Applications,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16(2), С. 293 - 310
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2022
Genomic
studies
are
uncovering
extensive
cryptic
diversity
within
reef-building
corals,
suggesting
that
evolutionarily
and
ecologically
relevant
is
highly
underestimated
in
the
very
organisms
structure
coral
reefs.
Furthermore,
endosymbiotic
algae
host
species
can
confer
adaptive
responses
to
environmental
stress
may
represent
additional
axes
of
genetic
variation
not
constrained
by
taxonomic
divergence
cnidarian
host.
Here,
we
examine
a
common
widespread,
coral,
Acropora
tenuis,
its
associated
along
entire
expanse
Great
Barrier
Reef
(GBR).
We
use
SNPs
derived
from
genome-wide
sequencing
characterize
organelles
zooxanthellate
endosymbionts
(genus
Cladocopium).
discover
three
distinct
sympatric
clusters
hosts,
whose
distributions
appear
with
latitude
inshore-offshore
reef
position.
Demographic
modelling
suggests
history
taxa
ranges
0.5
1.5
million
years
ago,
preceding
GBR's
formation,
has
been
characterized
low-to-moderate
ongoing
inter-taxon
gene
flow,
consistent
occasional
hybridization
introgression
typifying
evolution.
Despite
this
differentiation
host,
A.
tenuis
share
symbiont
pool,
dominated
genus
Cladocopium
(Clade
C).
plastid
strongly
identity
but
varies
location
relative
shore:
inshore
colonies
contain
lower
on
average
have
greater
differences
between
as
compared
communities
offshore
colonies.
Spatial
patterns
could
reflect
local
selective
pressures
maintaining
holobiont
across
an
gradient.
The
strong
influence
environment
(but
identity)
community
composition
supports
notion
responds
habitat
assist
adaptation
corals
future
change.
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023
Abstract
As
marine
species
adapt
to
climate
change,
their
heat
tolerance
will
likely
be
under
strong
selection.
Yet
trade-offs
between
and
other
life
history
traits
could
compromise
natural
adaptation
or
assisted
evolution.
This
is
particularly
important
for
ecosystem
engineers,
such
as
reef-building
corals,
which
support
biodiversity
yet
are
vulnerable
heatwave-induced
mass
bleaching
mortality.
Here,
we
exposed
70
colonies
of
the
coral
Acropora
digitifera
a
long-term
heatwave
emulation
experiment.
We
tested
three
measured
from
in
situ
–
colony
growth,
fecundity,
symbiont
community
composition.
Despite
observing
remarkable
within-population
variability
tolerance,
all
were
dominated
by
Cladocopium
C40
symbionts.
found
no
evidence
fecundity
growth.
Contrary
expectations,
positive
associations
emerged
with
that
faster-growing
tended
bleach
die
at
higher
levels
stress.
Collectively,
our
results
suggest
these
corals
exist
on
an
energetic
continuum
where
some
high-performing
individuals
excel
across
multiple
traits.
Within
populations,
growth
may
not
major
barriers
success
evolution
interventions.
Abstract
The
growing
threat
of
global
warming
on
coral
reefs
underscores
the
urgency
identifying
heat‐tolerant
corals
and
discovering
their
adaptation
mechanisms
to
high
temperatures.
Corals
in
intertidal
rock
pools
that
vary
markedly
daily
temperature
may
have
improved
heat
tolerance.
In
this
study,
stress
experiments
were
performed
scleractinian
Porites
lutea
from
subtidal
habitat
pool
Weizhou
Island
northern
South
China
Sea.
Thermotolerance
differences
two
habitats
explored
through
phenotype,
physiological
indicators,
ITS2,
16S
rRNA,
RNA
sequencing.
At
extremely
34°C,
P.
had
a
stronger
tolerance
than
those
habitat.
strong
antioxidant
capacity
host
its
microbial
partners
was
important
resistance
at
34°C
immune
apoptotic
regulation,
downregulated
metabolism
disease‐infection‐related
pathways
compared
,
habitat,
upregulated
Cladocopium
C15
(Symbiodiniaceae)
photosynthetic
efficiency
photoprotection,
significantly
increased
bacterial
diversity
probiotics,
including
ABY1,
Ruegeria
Alteromonas
.
These
findings
indicate
can
tolerate
temperatures
integrated
response
holobionts.
be
‘touchstones’
for
future
warming.
Our
research
provides
new
insights
into
complex
by
which
resist
theoretical
basis
reef
ecosystem
restoration
selection
stress‐resistant
populations.
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024
Abstract
Climate
change
is
restructuring
natural
ecosystems.
The
direct
impacts
of
these
events
on
biodiversity
and
community
structure
are
widely
documented,
but
the
genetic
variation
populations
remains
largely
unknown.
We
monitored
Acropora
coral
a
remote
reef
system
in
northwest
Australia
for
two
decades
through
multiple
cycles
impact
recovery.
combined
demographic
data
with
temporal
dataset
common
broadcast
spawning
corymbose
to
explore
spatial
patterns
connectivity
underlying
Our
show
that
broad-scale
dispersal
post-recruitment
survival
drive
recovery
from
recurrent
disturbances,
including
mass
bleaching
mortality.
Consequently,
diversity
associated
maintained
time
broader
metapopulation.
results
highlight
an
inherent
resilience
globally
threatened
species
showcase
their
ability
cope
given
enough
recover
permitted.
Annual Review of Genetics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(1), С. 87 - 115
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023
Coral
reefs
are
both
exceptionally
biodiverse
and
threatened
by
climate
change
other
human
activities.
Here,
we
review
population
genomic
processes
in
coral
reef
taxa
their
importance
for
understanding
responses
to
global
change.
Many
on
characterized
weak
genetic
drift,
extensive
gene
flow,
strong
selection
from
complex
biotic
abiotic
environments,
which
together
present
a
fascinating
test
of
microevolutionary
theory.
Selection,
hybridization
have
played
will
continue
play
an
important
role
the
adaptation
or
extinction
face
rapid
environmental
change,
but
research
remains
limited
compared
urgent
needs.
Critical
areas
future
investigation
include
evolutionary
potential
mechanisms
local
adaptation,
developing
historical
baselines,
building
greater
capacity
countries
where
most
diversity
is
concentrated.
Molecular Biology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
39(10)
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2022
Abstract
Climate
change
threatens
the
survival
of
coral
reefs
on
a
global
scale,
primarily
through
mass
bleaching
and
mortality
as
result
marine
heatwaves.
While
these
short-term
effects
are
clear,
predicting
fate
over
coming
century
is
major
challenge.
One
way
to
understand
longer-term
effect
rapid
climate
examine
response
populations
past
shifts.
Coastal
shallow-water
ecosystems
such
have
been
reshaped
many
times
by
sea-level
changes
during
Pleistocene,
yet
few
studies
directly
linked
this
with
its
consequences
population
demographics,
dispersal,
adaptation.
Here
we
use
powerful
analytical
techniques,
afforded
haplotype-phased
whole-genomes,
establish
links
for
reef-building
coral,
Acropora
digitifera.
We
show
that
three
genetically
distinct
present
in
northwestern
Australia,
their
divergence
since
last
glacial
maximum
(LGM)
can
be
explained
combination
founder-effects
restricted
gene
flow.
Signatures
selective
sweeps,
too
strong
demographic
history,
all
overlap
genes
different
patterns
functional
enrichment
between
inshore
offshore
habitats.
In
contrast
host,
find
photosymbiont
communities
largely
undifferentiated
corals
from
locations,
spanning
almost
1000
km,
indicating
selection
host
genes,
not
acquisition
novel
symbionts,
has
primary
driver
adaptation
species
Australia.