Genomics for monitoring and understanding species responses to global climate change

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(3), С. 165 - 183

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

All life forms across the globe are experiencing drastic changes in environmental conditions as a result of global climate change. These happening rapidly, incur substantial socioeconomic costs, pose threats to biodiversity and diminish species' potential adapt future environments. Understanding monitoring how organisms respond human-driven change is therefore major priority for conservation rapidly changing environment. Recent developments genomic, transcriptomic epigenomic technologies enabling unprecedented insights into evolutionary processes molecular bases adaptation. This Review summarizes methods that apply integrate omics tools experimentally investigate, monitor predict species communities wild cope with change, which by genetically adapting new conditions, through range shifts or phenotypic plasticity. We identify advantages limitations each method discuss research avenues would improve our understanding responses highlighting need holistic, multi-omics approaches ecosystem during Species can shifting their these responses.

Язык: Английский

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Oceanic differences in coral-bleaching responses to marine heatwaves

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 871, С. 162113 - 162113

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

Anomalously high ocean temperatures have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration over the last several decades because of greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming marine heatwaves. Reef-building corals are sensitive to such temperature anomalies commonly lead coral bleaching, mortality, changes community structure. Yet, despite these overarching effects, there geographical differences thermal regimes, evolutionary histories, past disturbances may different bleaching responses within among oceans. Here we examined overall Atlantic, Indian, Pacific Oceans, using both a spatially explicit Bayesian mixed-effects model deep-learning neural-network model. We used 40-year dataset encompassing 23,288 coral-reef surveys at 11,058 sites 88 countries, from 1980 2020. Focusing on ocean-wide assessed relationships between percentage bleached temperature-related metrics alongside suite environmental variables. found while sea-surface were consistently, strongly, related all oceans, clear most For instance, was an increase with depth Atlantic Ocean whereas opposite observed Indian Ocean, no trend could be seen Ocean. The standard deviation thermal-stress negatively but not Globally, has progressively occurred higher four although, again, three Together, patterns highlight historical circumstances oceanographic conditions play central role contemporary coral-bleaching responses.

Язык: Английский

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Cryptic diversity and spatial genetic variation in the coral Acropora tenuis and its endosymbionts across the Great Barrier Reef

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(2), С. 293 - 310

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2022

Genomic studies are uncovering extensive cryptic diversity within reef-building corals, suggesting that evolutionarily and ecologically relevant is highly underestimated in the very organisms structure coral reefs. Furthermore, endosymbiotic algae host species can confer adaptive responses to environmental stress may represent additional axes of genetic variation not constrained by taxonomic divergence cnidarian host. Here, we examine a common widespread, coral, Acropora tenuis, its associated along entire expanse Great Barrier Reef (GBR). We use SNPs derived from genome-wide sequencing characterize organelles zooxanthellate endosymbionts (genus Cladocopium). discover three distinct sympatric clusters hosts, whose distributions appear with latitude inshore-offshore reef position. Demographic modelling suggests history taxa ranges 0.5 1.5 million years ago, preceding GBR's formation, has been characterized low-to-moderate ongoing inter-taxon gene flow, consistent occasional hybridization introgression typifying evolution. Despite this differentiation host, A. tenuis share symbiont pool, dominated genus Cladocopium (Clade C). plastid strongly identity but varies location relative shore: inshore colonies contain lower on average have greater differences between as compared communities offshore colonies. Spatial patterns could reflect local selective pressures maintaining holobiont across an gradient. The strong influence environment (but identity) community composition supports notion responds habitat assist adaptation corals future change.

Язык: Английский

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No apparent trade-offs associated with heat tolerance in a reef-building coral

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Abstract As marine species adapt to climate change, their heat tolerance will likely be under strong selection. Yet trade-offs between and other life history traits could compromise natural adaptation or assisted evolution. This is particularly important for ecosystem engineers, such as reef-building corals, which support biodiversity yet are vulnerable heatwave-induced mass bleaching mortality. Here, we exposed 70 colonies of the coral Acropora digitifera a long-term heatwave emulation experiment. We tested three measured from in situ – colony growth, fecundity, symbiont community composition. Despite observing remarkable within-population variability tolerance, all were dominated by Cladocopium C40 symbionts. found no evidence fecundity growth. Contrary expectations, positive associations emerged with that faster-growing tended bleach die at higher levels stress. Collectively, our results suggest these corals exist on an energetic continuum where some high-performing individuals excel across multiple traits. Within populations, growth may not major barriers success evolution interventions.

Язык: Английский

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North African fox genomes show signatures of repeated introgression and adaptation to life in deserts

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(8), С. 1267 - 1286

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Finding genes and pathways that underlie coral adaptation

Trends in Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40(3), С. 213 - 227

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Heat‐tolerant intertidal rock pool coral Porites lutea can potentially adapt to future warming

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(5)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Abstract The growing threat of global warming on coral reefs underscores the urgency identifying heat‐tolerant corals and discovering their adaptation mechanisms to high temperatures. Corals in intertidal rock pools that vary markedly daily temperature may have improved heat tolerance. In this study, stress experiments were performed scleractinian Porites lutea from subtidal habitat pool Weizhou Island northern South China Sea. Thermotolerance differences two habitats explored through phenotype, physiological indicators, ITS2, 16S rRNA, RNA sequencing. At extremely 34°C, P. had a stronger tolerance than those habitat. strong antioxidant capacity host its microbial partners was important resistance at 34°C immune apoptotic regulation, downregulated metabolism disease‐infection‐related pathways compared , habitat, upregulated Cladocopium C15 (Symbiodiniaceae) photosynthetic efficiency photoprotection, significantly increased bacterial diversity probiotics, including ABY1, Ruegeria Alteromonas . These findings indicate can tolerate temperatures integrated response holobionts. be ‘touchstones’ for future warming. Our research provides new insights into complex by which resist theoretical basis reef ecosystem restoration selection stress‐resistant populations.

Язык: Английский

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Resilience to periodic disturbances and the long-term genetic stability in Acropora coral

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Abstract Climate change is restructuring natural ecosystems. The direct impacts of these events on biodiversity and community structure are widely documented, but the genetic variation populations remains largely unknown. We monitored Acropora coral a remote reef system in northwest Australia for two decades through multiple cycles impact recovery. combined demographic data with temporal dataset common broadcast spawning corymbose to explore spatial patterns connectivity underlying Our show that broad-scale dispersal post-recruitment survival drive recovery from recurrent disturbances, including mass bleaching mortality. Consequently, diversity associated maintained time broader metapopulation. results highlight an inherent resilience globally threatened species showcase their ability cope given enough recover permitted.

Язык: Английский

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Coral Reef Population Genomics in an Age of Global Change

Annual Review of Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(1), С. 87 - 115

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Coral reefs are both exceptionally biodiverse and threatened by climate change other human activities. Here, we review population genomic processes in coral reef taxa their importance for understanding responses to global change. Many on characterized weak genetic drift, extensive gene flow, strong selection from complex biotic abiotic environments, which together present a fascinating test of microevolutionary theory. Selection, hybridization have played will continue play an important role the adaptation or extinction face rapid environmental change, but research remains limited compared urgent needs. Critical areas future investigation include evolutionary potential mechanisms local adaptation, developing historical baselines, building greater capacity countries where most diversity is concentrated.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary Responses of a Reef-building Coral to Climate Change at the End of the Last Glacial Maximum

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 39(10)

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2022

Abstract Climate change threatens the survival of coral reefs on a global scale, primarily through mass bleaching and mortality as result marine heatwaves. While these short-term effects are clear, predicting fate over coming century is major challenge. One way to understand longer-term effect rapid climate examine response populations past shifts. Coastal shallow-water ecosystems such have been reshaped many times by sea-level changes during Pleistocene, yet few studies directly linked this with its consequences population demographics, dispersal, adaptation. Here we use powerful analytical techniques, afforded haplotype-phased whole-genomes, establish links for reef-building coral, Acropora digitifera. We show that three genetically distinct present in northwestern Australia, their divergence since last glacial maximum (LGM) can be explained combination founder-effects restricted gene flow. Signatures selective sweeps, too strong demographic history, all overlap genes different patterns functional enrichment between inshore offshore habitats. In contrast host, find photosymbiont communities largely undifferentiated corals from locations, spanning almost 1000 km, indicating selection host genes, not acquisition novel symbionts, has primary driver adaptation species Australia.

Язык: Английский

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