Abstract
GTP-tubulin
is
preferentially
incorporated
at
growing
microtubule
ends,
but
the
biochemical
mechanism
by
which
bound
nucleotide
regulates
strength
of
tubulin:tubulin
interactions
debated.
The
‘self-acting’
(cis)
model
posits
that
(GTP
or
GDP)
to
a
particular
tubulin
dictates
how
strongly
interacts,
whereas
‘interface-acting’
(trans)
interface
two
dimers
determinant.
We
identified
testable
difference
between
these
mechanisms
using
mixed
simulations
elongation:
with
self-acting
plus-
and
minus-end
growth
rates
decreased
in
same
proportion
amount
GDP-tubulin,
interface-acting
plus-end
disproportionately.
then
experimentally
measured
elongation
nucleotides
observed
disproportionate
effect
GDP-tubulin
on
rates.
Simulations
were
consistent
binding
‘poisoning’
plus-ends
not
minus-ends.
Quantitative
agreement
experiments
required
exchange
terminal
subunits
mitigate
poisoning
there.
Our
results
indicate
interfacial
determines
interaction
strength,
thereby
settling
longstanding
debate
over
state
dynamics.
American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
ABSTRACT
Cystic
kidney
diseases
(CyKD)
are
a
diverse
group
of
disorders
affecting
more
than
1
in
1000
individuals.
Over
120
genes
implicated,
primarily
encoding
components
the
primary
cilium,
transcription
factors,
and
morphogens.
Prognosis
varies
greatly
by
molecular
diagnosis.
Causal
variants
not
identified
10%–60%
individuals
due
to
our
limited
understanding
CyKD.
To
elucidate
landscape
CyKD,
we
queried
CAG
Biobank
using
ICD10
codes
N28.1,
Q61.1,
Q61.11,
Q61.19,
Q61.2,
Q61.3,
Q61.8
identify
with
One
hundred
eight
met
clinical
criteria
for
CyKD
underwent
proband‐only
exome
sequencing.
were
86/108
(80%)
The
most
common
diagnoses
PKD1
‐related
autosomal
dominant
polycystic
disease
(32/108;
30%)
recessive
(21/108;
19%).
Other
ciliopathy
syndromes
(7/108;
6.5%)
Tuberous
Sclerosis
(6/108;
5.6%).
Seven
had
previously
associated
6.5%).
Candidate
five
(5/108;
4.5%).
Discordance
between
diagnosis
was
present
two
We
demonstrate
high
rate
that
can
result
diagnostic
reclassification,
supporting
role
genetic
testing
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
the
advancement
of
DNA
nanotechnology
enables
precise
nanoscale
organization
diverse
functional
materials
with
templates.
Particularly,
a
variety
DNA‐templated
protein
patterns
are
constructed
as
powerful
tools
for
programming
biomimetic
complexes.
this
review,
progress
in
patterning,
including
cutting‐edge
methods
arranging
proteins
templates,
and
across
varying
dimensions
briefly
summarized.
Representative
applications
biological
analysis
biomedicine
discussed.
DNA‐protein
programmable
dynamics,
which
hold
promise
precision
diagnosis
therapeutics
highlighted.
Finally,
current
challenges
opportunities
fabrication
application
pattering
The Journal of Cell Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
222(7)
Опубликована: Май 15, 2023
Cytoplasmic
linker-associated
proteins
(CLASPs)
regulate
microtubules
in
fundamental
cellular
processes.
CLASPs
stabilize
dynamic
by
suppressing
microtubule
catastrophe
and
promoting
rescue,
the
switch-like
transitions
between
growth
shrinkage.
How
specifically
modulate
is
not
understood.
Here,
we
investigate
effects
of
on
pre-catastrophe
intermediate
state
dynamics,
employing
distinct
substrates
to
mimic
state.
Surprisingly,
find
that
CLASP1
promotes
depolymerization
stabilized
presence
GTP,
but
absence
nucleotide.
This
activity
also
observed
for
CLASP2
family
members
a
minimal
TOG2-domain
construct.
Conversely,
stabilizes
unstable
upon
tubulin
dilution
GTP.
Strikingly,
our
results
reveal
drives
with
vastly
different
inherent
stabilities
into
same
slowly
depolymerizing
nucleotide-dependent
manner.
We
interpret
this
as
Therefore,
conclude
suppress
stabilizing
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2024
Post-translational
cycles
of
α-tubulin
detyrosination
and
tyrosination
generate
microtubule
diversity,
the
cellular
functions
which
remain
largely
unknown.
Here
we
show
that
regulates
kinetochore-microtubule
attachments
to
ensure
normal
chromosome
oscillations
timely
anaphase
onset
during
mitosis.
Remarkably,
detyrosinated
levels
near
kinetochore
plus-ends
depend
on
direction
motion
metaphase.
Proteomic
analyses
unveil
KNL-1/MIS12/NDC80
(KMN)
network
forms
core
microtubule-binding
site
at
kinetochores
microtubule-rescue
protein
CLASP2
are
enriched
tyrosinated
microtubules
mitosis,
respectively.
enhances
binding
NDC80
complex
diffusion
along
lattice
in
vitro.
Rescue
experiments
overexpressing
NDC80,
including
variants
with
slower
diffusion,
suggest
a
functional
interplay
for
establishment
labile
interface.
These
results
offer
mechanistic
explanation
how
different
fine-tune
load-bearing
both
growing
shrinking
microtubules.
GTP-tubulin
is
preferentially
incorporated
at
growing
microtubule
ends,
but
the
biochemical
mechanism
by
which
bound
nucleotide
regulates
strength
of
tubulin:tubulin
interactions
debated.
The
'self-acting'
(cis)
model
posits
that
(GTP
or
GDP)
to
a
particular
tubulin
dictates
how
strongly
interacts,
whereas
'interface-acting'
(trans)
interface
two
dimers
determinant.
We
identified
testable
difference
between
these
mechanisms
using
mixed
simulations
elongation:
with
self-acting
nucleotide,
plus-
and
minus-end
growth
rates
decreased
in
same
proportion
amount
GDP-tubulin,
interface-acting
plus-end
disproportionately.
then
experimentally
measured
elongation
nucleotides
observed
disproportionate
effect
GDP-tubulin
on
rates.
Simulations
were
consistent
binding
'poisoning'
plus-ends
not
minus-ends.
Quantitative
agreement
experiments
required
exchange
terminal
subunits
mitigate
poisoning
there.
Our
results
indicate
interfacial
determines
interaction
strength,
thereby
settling
longstanding
debate
over
state
dynamics.
GTP-tubulin
is
preferentially
incorporated
at
growing
microtubule
ends,
but
the
biochemical
mechanism
by
which
bound
nucleotide
regulates
strength
of
tubulin:tubulin
interactions
debated.
The
‘self-acting’
(cis)
model
posits
that
(GTP
or
GDP)
to
a
particular
tubulin
dictates
how
strongly
interacts,
whereas
‘interface-acting’
(trans)
interface
two
dimers
determinant.
We
identified
testable
difference
between
these
mechanisms
using
mixed
simulations
elongation:
with
self-acting
nucleotide,
plus-
and
minus-end
growth
rates
decreased
in
same
proportion
amount
GDP-tubulin,
interface-acting
plus-end
disproportionately.
then
experimentally
measured
elongation
nucleotides
observed
disproportionate
effect
GDP-tubulin
on
rates.
Simulations
were
consistent
binding
‘poisoning’
plus-ends
not
minus-ends.
Quantitative
agreement
experiments
required
exchange
terminal
subunits
mitigate
poisoning
there.
Our
results
indicate
interfacial
determines
interaction
strength,
thereby
settling
longstanding
debate
over
state
dynamics.
Abstract
Precise
design
and
control
of
molecular
self‐assembly
as
living
creatures
are
exciting
ideas
in
the
field
nanotechnology.
Characterized
with
predesigned
geometries
accurate
spatial
addressability,
programmable
DNA
origami
nanostructures
have
been
recognized
optimized
tools
for
assembling
multiple
functional
components.
A
variety
biomolecules
can
be
attached
to
nanoscale
drawing
boards
a
site‐specific
fashion,
thus
facilitating
precise
construction
origami‐based
materials
studies
on
biological
interface.
In
this
minireview,
we
highlight
recent
advances
artificial
bio‐structures
and/or
biomimicking
functions.
The
regulation
functions
by
these
origami‐engineered
assemblies
at
bio‐interface
has
summarized
discussed.