Abstract
A
promising
anode
material
for
Li‐ion
batteries,
silicon
(Si)
suffers
from
volume
expansion‐induced
pulverization
and
solid
electrolyte
interface
(SEI)
instability.
Microscale
Si
with
high
tap
density
initial
Coulombic
efficiency
(ICE)
has
become
a
more
anticipated
choice,
but
it
will
exacerbate
the
above
issues.
In
this
work,
polymer
polyhedral
oligomeric
silsesquioxane‐lithium
bis
(allylmalonato)
borate
(PSLB)
is
constructed
by
in
situ
chelation
on
microscale
surfaces
via
click
chemistry.
This
polymerized
nanolayer
an
“organic/inorganic
hybrid
flexible
cross‐linking”
structure
that
can
accommodate
change
of
Si.
Under
stable
framework
formed
PSLB,
large
number
oxide
anions
chain
segment
preferentially
adsorb
LiPF
6
further
induce
integration
inorganic‐rich,
dense
SEI,
which
improves
mechanical
stability
SEI
provides
accelerated
kinetics
Li
+
transfer.
Therefore,
Si4@PSLB
exhibits
significantly
enhanced
long‐cycle
performance.
After
300
cycles
at
1
g
−1
,
still
provide
specific
capacity
1083
mAh
.
Cathode‐coupled
LiNi
0.9
Co
0.05
Mn
O
2
(NCM90)
full
cell
retains
80.8%
its
after
150
0.5
C.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
52(23), С. 8194 - 8244
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Unlike
conventional
recycling
methods
that
focus
on
'extraction',
direct
aims
for
'repair',
which
necessitates
selecting
and
designing
a
strategy
based
the
failure
mechanisms
of
spent
lithium
ion
battery
materials.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(11), С. 4591 - 4597
Опубликована: Март 7, 2023
Recovering
lithium
from
batteries
(LIBs)
is
a
promising
approach
for
sustainable
ternary
battery
(T-LIB)
development.
Current
recovery
methods
spent
T-LIBs
mainly
concentrated
on
chemical
leaching
methods.
However,
relying
the
additional
acid
seriously
threatens
global
environment
and
nonselective
also
leads
to
low
Li
purity.
Here,
we
first
reported
direct
electro-oxidation
method
(Li0.8Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2);
95.02%
of
in
was
leached
under
2.5
V
3
h.
Meanwhile,
nearly
100%
purity
achieved,
attributed
no
other
metal
agents.
We
clarified
relationship
between
metals
during
T-LIBs.
Under
optimized
voltage,
Ni
O
maintain
electroneutrality
structure
assisting
leaching,
while
Co
Mn
their
valence
states.
A
achieves
high
meanwhile
overcomes
secondary
pollution
problem.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
53(11), С. 5552 - 5592
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
A
critical
review
of
the
recent
developments
in
recycling
spent
Li-ion
batteries
using
five
major
technologies
(direct
recycling,
pyrometallurgy,
hydrometallurgy,
bioleaching
and
electrometallurgy)
evaluation
their
sustainability.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
36(5)
Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023
Abstract
The
ever‐growing
demand
for
resources
sustainability
has
promoted
the
recycle
of
spent
lithium‐ion
batteries
to
a
strategic
position.
Direct
outperforms
either
hydrometallurgical
or
pyrometallurgical
approaches
due
high
added
value
and
facile
treatment
processes.
However,
traditional
direct
recycling
technologies
are
only
applicable
Ni‐poor/middle
cathodes.
Herein,
Ni‐rich
LiNi
0.8
Co
0.1
Mn
O
2
(S‐NCM)
performance‐enhanced
single‐crystalline
cathode
materials
is
directly
recycled
using
simple
but
effective
LiOH‐NaCl
molten
salt.
evolution
process
Li‐supplement
grain‐recrystallization
during
regeneration
systematically
investigated,
successful
recovery
highly
degraded
microstructure
comprehensively
proven,
including
significant
elimination
Ni
2+
vacancies.
Beneficial
from
favorable
reconstructed
particles,
regenerated
NCM
(R‐NCM)
represents
remarkably
enhanced
structural
stability,
electrochemical
activity,
cracks
suppression
charge/discharge,
thus
achieving
excellent
performances
in
long‐term
cycling
high‐rate
tests.
As
result,
R‐NCM
maintains
86.5%
reversible
capacity
at
1
C
after
200
cycles.
Instructively,
present
salt
can
be
successfully
applied
NCMs
with
various
Li
compositions
(e.g.,
0.5
0.2
0.3
).
The
staggering
accumulation
of
end-of-life
lithium-ion
batteries
(LIBs)
and
the
growing
scarcity
battery
metal
sources
have
triggered
an
urgent
call
for
effective
recycling
strategy.
However,
it
is
challenging
to
reclaim
these
metals
with
both
high
efficiency
low
environmental
footprint.
We
use
here
a
pulsed
dc
flash
Joule
heating
(FJH)
strategy
that
heats
black
mass,
combined
anode
cathode,
>2100
kelvin
within
seconds,
leading
~1000-fold
increase
in
subsequent
leaching
kinetics.
There
are
recovery
yields
all
metals,
regardless
their
chemistries,
using
even
diluted
acids
like
0.01
M
HCl,
thereby
lessening
secondary
waste
stream.
ultrafast
temperature
achieves
thermal
decomposition
passivated
solid
electrolyte
interphase
valence
state
reduction
hard-to-dissolve
compounds
while
mitigating
diffusional
loss
volatile
metals.
Life
cycle
analysis
versus
present
methods
shows
FJH
significantly
reduces
footprint
spent
LIB
processing
turning
into
economically
attractive
process.
