A review of the global climate change impacts, adaptation strategies, and mitigation options in the socio-economic and environmental sectors

Journal of Environmental Science and Economics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(3), С. 36 - 58

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2023

Climate change causes long-term weather changes from the tropics to polls. It is a global threat that strains several sectors. The present study conducts review analysis theoretically explores how climatic variability degrading sector sustainability. Due irreversible variations, agricultural particularly vulnerable. In turn, it disrupting worldwide consumption patterns, especially in countries where agriculture central their economy and productivity. shifting optimum temperature ranges, climate also increasing biodiversity loss through modifying ecosystem architecture. increases risk of food, water, vector-borne diseases. Antimicrobial resistance, which developing due resistant pathogenic infections, accelerated by change. hurts forestry tourism business. This examines socio-economic environmental mitigation adaptation strategies economic consequences. According findings, knotted answerability resources laws created past generate progressive policy need government involvement for development. Thus, addressing change's dire consequences demands cooperation maintain world survival.

Язык: Английский

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The Ronne Ice Shelf survived the last interglacial

Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 638(8049), С. 133 - 137

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Abstract The fate of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) 1 is largest cause uncertainty in long-term sea-level projections. In last interglacial (LIG) around 125,000 years ago, data suggest that sea level was several metres higher than today 2–4 , and required a significant contribution from ice loss, with WAIS usually implicated. Antarctica Southern Ocean were warmer 5–8 by amounts comparable to those expected 2100 under moderate high future warming scenarios. However, direct evidence about size LIG sparse. Here we use salt an core Skytrain Rise, adjacent WAIS, show that, during most LIG, Ronne Shelf still place, close its current extent. Water isotope are consistent retreat 9 but seem inconsistent more dramatic model realizations 10 which both large shelves lost. This new constraint calls for reappraisal other elements budget. It also weakens observational basis motivated simulations projecting highest end projections rates rise 2300 beyond.

Язык: Английский

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Ice-proximal sea ice reconstruction in the Powell Basin, Antarctica, since the Last Interglacial

Climate of the past, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. 299 - 326

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Abstract. In Antarctica, the presence of sea ice not only plays a critical role in climate system but also contributes to enhancing stability floating shelves. Hence, investigating past ice-proximal conditions, especially across glacial–interglacial cycles, can provide crucial information pertaining variability and deepen our understanding ocean–ice–atmosphere dynamics feedback. this study, we apply multiproxy approach, combination with numerical modeling, explore environmental variability. We analyze novel biomarker IPSO25 (a di-unsaturated highly branched isoprenoid (HBI)), open-water biomarkers (tri-unsaturated HBIs; z-/e-trienes), diatom assemblage primary productivity indicators marine sediment core retrieved from Powell Basin, NW Weddell Sea. These have been established as reliable proxies for reconstructing near-coastal conditions Southern Ocean (SO), where typical use sea-ice-related diatoms be impacted by silica dissolution. present first continuous records, close proximity Antarctic continental margin, since penultimate deglaciation. Our data shed new light on (seasonal) basin reveal dynamic setting characterized significant shifts perennial cover seasonal an open environment over last 145 kyr. results unveil stronger deglacial amplitude warming during Last Interglacial (LIG; Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e) compared current one (Holocene). A short-term readvance occurred towards end each Finally, despite similar findings between proxy model data, notable differences persist both interglacials – emphasizing necessity different sheet configurations employed more robust paleoclimate enhance performance margin.

Язык: Английский

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The future extent of the Anthropocene epoch: A synthesis

Global and Planetary Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 104568 - 104568

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Last Interglacial subsurface warming on the Antarctic shelf triggered by reduced deep-ocean convection

Communications Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2024

Abstract The Antarctic ice-sheet could have contributed 3 to 5 m sea-level equivalent the Last Interglacial highstand. Such an ice-mass loss compared pre-industrial requires a subsurface warming on shelf of ~ °C according modelling studies. Here we show that substantial is simulated south 60 °S in equilibrium experiment Interglacial. It averages +1.2 at 500 depth from 70 °W 160 °E, and it reaches +2.4 near Lazarev Sea. Weaker deep-ocean convection due reduced sea-ice formation primary driver this warming. associated changes meridional density gradients surface winds lead weakened Circumpolar Current strengthened Slope Current, which further impact temperatures. A trigger can thus be obtained during warm periods formation.

Язык: Английский

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Plausible Last Interglacial Antarctic Ice Sheet Changes Do Not Fully Explain Antarctic Ice Core Water Isotope Records

Geophysical Research Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Abstract Antarctic ice cores can help determine mass loss from the Ice Sheet (AIS) during past warm periods. We compile Last Interglacial (LIG) measurements eight and compare these to new isotope‐enabled LIG simulations, which explore three plausible AIS elevation extent scenarios. find that simulations capture less than 10% of East core‐mean changes. Although our do not fully explain changes, they some inter‐core geographical variations. Some configurations show higher skill PI in simulating differences. The remaining discrepancies between simulated observed water isotope changes suggest also need include influences reduced sea ice, a warmer Southern Ocean, resultant shifts vapor source regions produce more satisfactory match at core sites.

Язык: Английский

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Last interglacial global mean sea level from high-precision U-series ages of Bahamian fossil coral reefs

Quaternary Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 318, С. 108287 - 108287

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2023

Accurate characterization of Last Interglacial (MIS 5e; ∼129–116 ka) sea level is important for understanding ice sheet sensitivity to climate change, with implications predicting future sea-level rise. Here we present a record MIS 5e based on high-precision U-series ages 23 corals precise elevation measurements from reefs around Crooked Island, Long Cay, and Eleuthera, The Bahamas. Rigorous screening criteria identified the most pristine samples, nearly all samples show narrow δ234Uinitial range between 143.8 151.3‰. We infer global mean (GMSL) these local observations by correcting them glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) long-term subsidence. For GIA, consider histories Earth viscosity structures. identify, via Bayesian inference, GMSL that are consistent across When applying an open-system correction our ages, find likely peaked higher than 1 m, but very unlikely exceeded 2.7 m. Our posterior lower previous estimates, recent results modeling observations. Additionally, at other locations (Seychelles, Western Australia, Yucatan) only slightly above/within 95% predicted level, i.e., GIA plus GMSL, open-system/closed-system results. relatively constant indicates Greenland Antarctica melted beyond their extents and, given insolation forcing, contributions were out-of-phase. These indicate sheets may be sensitive regional temperature, which has combined impact levels time when greenhouse gases increases causing simultaneous warming both poles.

Язык: Английский

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Sea-level oscillations within the last interglacial: Insights from coral reef stratigraphic forward modelling

Quaternary Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 336, С. 108759 - 108759

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2024

Understanding past sea-level variations is essential to constrain future patterns of rise in response warmer climate conditions.Due good preservation and the possibility use various geochemical methods date fossil index points, Last Interglacial (Marine Isotope Stage, MIS, 5e, 130-116 ka) often regarded as one best analogs for a climate.MIS 5e coastal stratigraphic sequences, such coral reefs, are characterized by abrupt shifts their geological facies, steps within reef topography or backstepped morphologies, which have been interpreted proxies fluctuations interglacial.However, observational evidence magnitude changes controversial.Here, we run nearly 50 thousand simulations 2D kinematic model that can reproduce growth demise through time.Our aim investigate parameters space, sealevel scenarios, processes multiple-stepped MIS reefs form.As inputs model, both published synthetic histories (17 curves, with different oscillation patterns), wide range marine erosion rates, bedrock foundation slopes.Our results show only history could explain generation an emerged first peak followed sea level second short-term peak.Any other stratigraphy be explained interplay between growth, erosion, slope.

Язык: Английский

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East Antarctic warming forced by ice loss during the Last Interglacial

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024

Abstract During the Last Interglacial (LIG; 129-116 thousand years before present), Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) was 1 to 7 m sea level equivalent smaller than at pre-industrial. Here, we assess climatic impact of partial AIS melting LIG by forcing a coupled climate model with and meltwater input around coast. We find that changes in surface elevation induce warming over East Antarctica 2 4 °C, temperature (SST) increases Weddell Ross Seas up °C. Meltwater causes high latitude SST decrease subsurface (100–500 m) ocean increase °C Sea. Our results suggest combination enhanced leads larger sub-surface alone induces further each perturbation separately.

Язык: Английский

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The timing and magnitude of the British–Irish Ice Sheet between Marine Isotope Stages 5d and 2: implications for glacio‐isostatic adjustment, high relative sea levels and ‘giant erratic’ emplacement

Journal of Quaternary Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(4), С. 505 - 514

Опубликована: Март 12, 2024

ABSTRACT The extent, chronology and dynamics of the pre‐Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 last British–Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) are not well known. Although BRITICE‐CHRONO Project has detailed maximum extent retreat phases BIIS for period after 30 ka into Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), identified several pre‐existing datasets generated new data that implied glaciation pre‐dating LGM but which post‐dated Interglacial (Eemian; MIS5e); these reviewed here. There no dated till units other indicators clearly indicative glaciation: deep‐sea ice‐rafted detritus flux adjacent NE Atlantic, cosmogenic rock‐exposure age dating from glaciated surfaces in Wales island Lundy (Bristol Channel), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages proximal glacifluvial sequences on Isle Lewis (Outer Hebrides) Cheshire Basin. Taken together indicate inception during MIS5d, growth MIS4 evidence dynamic retreat–advance MIS3. OSL high relative sea level indicated by raised beaches southern Ireland 3 at a time lowered glacio‐eustatic indicates substantial glacial isostatic loading, explained early cold stage. High coincident with calving ice sheet margins provides an explanation rafted giant erratics found around shores Britain Ireland.

Язык: Английский

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