Life, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 717 - 717
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025
Venus is not generally at the forefront when considering extraterrestrial life. Yet, based on physical similarities and proximity to Earth with little knowledge of its evolutionary history, there a possibility that may have hosted life in past surface if had liquid water perhaps even has present clouds today. While early suggestions during beginning space exploration about were mostly speculative due limited data, recent interest arisen from realizations: (i) unexplained ultraviolet absorption spectrum resembles many organics, (ii) chemical disequilibria cloud layer, (iii) aerosols likely contain significant abundances hydrated iron magnesium sulfates, (iv) solar radiation received layer contains appropriate wavelengths flux support phototrophy. Considering extreme environmental survival terrestrial microorganisms, remains any extant could adapted far above where energy nutrients are available, but precise compositions particles availability still uncertain. The key solving mystery determine measure composition atmosphere particles. Missions which will be launched next few years provide much needed data should some answers we seek surely raise more questions. This perspective reviews developments.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Venus Cloud Research: Progress and Perspectives
Space Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 221(4)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Formation of Ammonium Nitrate Particles in CO2-rich Atmospheres
The Planetary Science Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(6), С. 135 - 135
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025
Abstract Aerosols play a crucial role in the study of exoplanet atmospheres, as they significantly impact planet’s climate, albedo, and observational spectra. Understanding aerosol formation behavior may help interpreting atmospheric compositions conditions, providing insights into habitability dynamics. We construct facility to simulate laboratory effects lightning discharge on gas mixtures controlled setup. In this study, we present experiments performed gases composed predominantly carbon dioxide with relatively low amounts ammonia. Diagnostics using quadrupole mass spectrometry, ultraviolet, infrared spectroscopy reveal nitrogen- oxygen-containing compounds, including nitrates, well further oxidation ammonia produce solid ammonium nitrate cooled substrate. These results highlight electrical discharges driving chemistry, offering potential reaction pathways exoplanets similar compositions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0An investigation into Venusian atmospheric chemistry based on an open-access photochemistry-transport model at 0-112 km
Astronomy and Astrophysics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 689, С. A55 - A55
Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024
Atmospheric chemistry plays a crucial role in the evolution of climate habitability on Venus. It has been widely explored by chemistry-transport models, but some characteristics are still poorly interpreted. This study is devoted to developing an open-access model spanning both middle and lower atmospheres provides scheme for structure chemistry, especially sulfur oxygen, investigates influence cloud diffusivity SO 2 dissolution that adopted clouds. The developed based VULCAN framework was updated with state-of-the-art Venusian atmospheric chemistry. includes vertical eddy diffusion retrieved recently Venus Express observations, it resolves radiative transfer containing gas absorption scattering, Mie scattering droplets, unknown UV absorber. obtained abundance profiles SO, , CO, COS, O, O 3 HCl, NO overall agreement observations. results show increase slight effects chemical structure. mainly dissolves 50–90 km evaporates below rapid dissolution-release cycle responsible large upward flux at 58 km. At around 70 km, significant peak larger than previous studies order magnitude, S also increases. They attributed buffering liquid significantly eliminated this layer. We emphasize superior regulation its potential contributions long-standing problem overestimated abundance.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Prebiotic chemistry and protocells during the faint young sun event
Biophysical Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(5), С. 651 - 654
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1OCS2 Isomers in the Venusian Atmospheric Chemistry: Spectroscopic Characterization and Photochemistry
The Astrophysical Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 977(1), С. 92 - 92
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Abstract The atmosphere of Venus exhibits absorption in the 300–500 nm wavelength range, which is driven by unknown chemical processes. In our study, we explore electronic transitions molecules that may exist Venusian atmosphere, specifically focusing on photoabsorption cross sections and lowest singlet triplet states OCS 2 , SSCO, OSCS isomers using highly accurate ab initio methods. Our analysis suggests SSCO isomer a strong candidate for explaining UV absorption. Furthermore, these serve as significant astrochemical reservoirs Venus, where photodissociation could produce atomic sulfur both its ground excited along with CS offering plausible mechanism cycle dynamics formation S x species. This study provides valuable insights into complex chemistry within Venus.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Do-Nothing Prebiotic Chemistry: Chemical Kinetics as a Window into Prebiotic Plausibility
Accounts of Chemical Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
ConspectusOrigin of Life research is a fast growing field study with each year bringing new breakthroughs. Recent discoveries include novel syntheses life's building blocks, mechanisms activation and interaction between molecules, newly identified environments that provide promising conditions for these mechanisms. Even findings, firmly grounded in rigorous laboratory experiments, researchers often find themselves uncertain about how to apply them. How can bridge be built the geochemical environment? A critical question ask when seeking results origins is: this chemistry occur without direct intervention from chemist? We believe first step toward answering lies determination rate constants construction chemical networks describe prebiotic environments.So far, our group has measured several relevant different reaction networks, starting synthetic pathways cyanosulfidic network. The reactions we explore involve ultraviolet light-driven photochemistry, facilitated by StarLab setup accurately simulates spectrum young Sun other stars. Our latest work investigates active photochemistry absence cyanide. In study, measure effective constant production formate reduction carbon species using sulfite within context early Martian waters. underlying goal done predict likelihood certain geological will result specific set products. These predictions combined those have made necessary astrophysical life scenarios on extrasolar planets.In near future expect sufficient number measured, others, allow aspects predicted kinetics models. Once models been benchmarked against experimental data, next applying them natural better mimic thought present at onset life. Following this, test comparing their additional experiments. After refinement, able guidance optimal conducting while helping minimize characterize any interference chemist.This approach valuable insights into what possible environments, where all necessity do-nothing chemistry.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Introducing the Collection of Papers from the Second Workshop on Habitability of the Venus Cloud Layer and Related Research
Astrobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(4), С. 341 - 342
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Venus
Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 289 - 323
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Процитировано
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