Latitudinal patterns and climatic drivers of Laurasian and Gondwanan angiosperm tree distributions in forests of the Americas
Ecography,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025
The
biogeographic
affinity
of
a
lineage
leaves
imprint
on
its
niche,
and
influences
distribution
under
biotic
interchange
between
landmasses.
Since
the
beginning
Quaternary,
North
America
(a
remnant
Laurasia)
South
Gondwana)
have
been
united,
triggered
Great
American
Biotic
Interchange.
Based
existing
knowledge,
we
expect
more
Laurasian
lineages
to
occur
at
higher
latitudes,
in
colder
or
drier
areas;
Gondwanan
reside
lower
hotter
wetter
areas
Americas.
Moreover,
tropical
niche
conservatism
(TNC)
hypothesis
states
that
flora
be
most
ancient.
If
so,
then
both
younger
would
regions
latitudes.
Here,
examine
latitudinal
patterns
species
richness
mean
family
age
angiosperm
tree
422
forest
plots
distributed
across
Americas,
investigate
underlying
continent
climatic
drivers.
We
found
opposite
for
lineages,
former
declined
towards
latitudes
climates,
whereas
latter
climates.
In
particular,
pronounced
were
observed
America,
respectively.
addition,
it
also
decreased
hence
supporting
TNC
hypothesis.
suggest
forests
Americas
exhibit
diverged
climate
preferences,
perhaps
partly
due
diversification
extratropical
climates
recent
geological
times.
Язык: Английский
A “Dock-Work” Orange: A Dual-Receptor Biochemical Theory on the Deterrence Induced by Citrusy Aroma on Elephant Traffic Central to a Conservation Effort
Bioinformatics and Biology Insights,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
19
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Conservation
of
elephants
requires
physical,
chemical,
and
biological
approaches
to
ensure
the
protection
these
gargantuan
pachyderms.
One
such
approach
is
using
orange
plants
(as
biofencing)
for
repellence
elephants,
which
precludes
catastrophic
events
related
encroachment
into
human
habitats.
Elephants
have
sensitive
olfactory
discrimination
plant
volatile
compounds
foraging
other
behavior
G-protein-coupled
receptors
(GPCRs).
However,
2
are
A2A
A2B
mediating
olfaction
elicited
by
a
host
ligands,
including
limonene,
main
compound
in
citrus
plants,
hypothesized
be
chief
repelling
agent.
Bioinformatics
at
protein
mRNA
levels
(BLAST/Multiple
Sequence
Alignments)
were
employed
explore
multiple
expression
products
receptors,
namely
full-length
truncated
proteins
produced
isoform
mRNAs
translated
from
methionines,
while
comparison
limonene-binding
pockets
elephant
prediction
servers
[Netphos
3.1;
Protter]
was
used
focus,
respectively,
on
contacts
limonene
binding
entails
post-translational
modifications
that
involved
cell
signaling.
Finally,
link
between
antifeedant
activity
explored
considering
content
trees
preferentially
foraged
or
avoided
as
part
feeding
elephants.
The
African
bush
(
Loxodonta
africana)
possesses
receptor
but
unlike
most
mammals,
expresses
highly
possessing
only
transmembrane
helices
5,
6,
7.
Truncation
may
lead
higher
traffic
interfaces/pathways
aid
stronger
activation.
In
addition,
all
residues
putative
cleft
perfectly
conserved
both
full
length
truncated.
Shallow
activation
sites
require
micromolar
affinity
fewer
side-chain
interactions,
speculated
case
receptor.
An
N-terminal
extremity
N-glycosylation
motif
indicative
membrane
localization
following
accurate
folding.
A
combination
truncation,
indels,
substitutions,
transcript
isoforms
attributed
roles
evolution
L.
africana
receptor,
out
receptivity
key.
It
also
inferred
how
act
dietary
repellent/antifeedant
generalist
herbivore,
with
documented
being
absent
some
favorites
iconic
Sclerocarya
birrea.
Язык: Английский
Assessing angiosperm phylodiversity patterns in Argentine phytogeographical provinces using presence-only data
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 30, 2025
Abstract
Studying
spatial
patterns
of
biodiversity
allows
us
to
infer
how
different
ecological
and
evolutionary
processes
have
interacted,
but
also
understand
its
current
distribution
in
order
preserve
it.
The
Argentinian
flora
is
rich
diverse
due
the
variety
environments
that
country
includes.
It
has
traditionally
been
classified
into
phytogeographical
provinces,
this
being
one
most
widely
used
bioregionalization
schemes
Argentina.
Since
these
provinces
reflect
both
historical
dimensions,
we
propose
analyse
their
angiosperm
phylogenetic
diversity
using
measures
structure.
results
show
divergence
was
generally
lower
with
cold
dry
climates
(e.g.
Puna,
Monte,
Patagonia,
Altoandina).
Conversely,
warm
humid
subtropical
Paranaense,
Yungas,
Chaco),
phylodiversity
levels
were
higher.
Although
agree
‘tropical
niche
conservatism’
hypothesis,
higher
found
Subantarctica
province,
consistent
here
‘Austral
hypothesis.
Differences
timescales
over
which
accumulates,
distinguishing
Yungas
from
Paranaense
provinces.
This
study
aims
contribute
knowledge
Argentine
Southern
Cone
flora.
Язык: Английский
Evolutionary causes of global patterns of species richness in regional fern floras across the world
Journal of Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
51(8), С. 1429 - 1437
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Abstract
Aim
Globally,
biodiversity
is
unevenly
distributed,
as
a
result
of
varying
environmental
conditions
and
regionally
different
historical
processes.
The
influence
the
latter
on
current
diversity
patterns
poorly
understood.
We
explore
geographic
matches
mismatches
between
phylogenetic
relatedness
metrics
measuring
depths
evolutionary
history
investigate
effects
legacy
at
species
density
ferns.
Methods
divided
globe
into
392
regions
land,
collated
lists
ferns
for
each
region.
related
richness
to
reflecting
(standardized
effect
sizes
mean
nearest
taxon
distance
pairwise
distance,
MNTD
ses
MPD
,
respectively)
in
regional
floras
across
world.
Location
Global.
Time
Period
Current.
Taxon
Ferns.
Results
show
that
centers
fern
have
strikingly
composition.
find
overall
negatively
correlated
with
both
so
high
tend
clustered
assemblages,
whereas
species‐poor
overdispersed
assemblages.
At
global
extent,
together
explained
62.2%,
19.3%,
65.7%
variation
all
whole,
non‐polypod
ferns,
polypods,
respectively.
Main
Conclusions
Our
study
suggests
are
driven,
least
part,
by
which
varies
among
biogeographic
regions.
Язык: Английский
Taxonomic and phylogenetic β‐diversity of regional assemblages of angiosperm species in relation to geographic and climatic determinants in Africa
Journal of Biogeography,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2024
Abstract
Aim
Beta‐diversity
quantifies
the
change
in
taxonomic
and
phylogenetic
composition
between
areas,
is
a
scalar
local
(
α
)
regional
γ
diversity.
Geographic
distance,
which
reflects
dispersal
limitation,
climatic
environmental
filtering,
are
major
drivers
of
β‐diversity.
Here,
we
analyse
comprehensive
data
set
angiosperms
floras
across
Africa
to
assess
relationships
β‐diversity,
its
components,
three
types
variables
(current
climate,
Quaternary
climate
topographic
heterogeneity)
thought
drive
Location
Africa.
Taxon
Angiosperms.
Methods
was
divided
into
27
regions.
Species
lists
for
each
region
were
collated.
The
both
their
respective
turnover
nestedness
with
geographic
distances
assessed.
Results
This
study
showed
that
(1)
regions
lowest
β‐diversity
located
moist
tropical
climates,
(2)
components
negatively
correlated
other,
(3)
higher
than
Africa,
(4)
variation
more
strongly
associated
current
heterogeneity
(5)
component
independently
explained
by
distance
much
larger
Main
Conclusions
finding
suggests
limitation
plays
greater
role
filtering
shaping
angiosperm
Of
factors,
important
Язык: Английский
Different resource partitioning explains plant species richness patterns in tropical alpine ecosystems
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024
Abstract
Species
co-existence
based
on
resource
partitioning
modulates
biodiversity
patterns
across
latitudes
and
altitudes.
Resource
can
occur
via
specialisation
or
separation
in
the
geographic
range
niche.
Here,
we
compare
two
tropical
alpine
ecosystems
with
similar
climates
to
test
for
climatic
niche
strategies
explaining
species
richness
difference.
We
species-rich
ecosystem
South
American
Andes
more
species-poor
one
eastern
African
mountains.
combine
phylogenomic
data
three
locally
diversified
plant
lineages
each
region
occurrence
records
estimate
metrics
(size
overlap).
found
that
Andean
have
overall
larger
niches
than
species,
thus
smaller
indicating
is
not
explanation
higher
Andes.
Instead,
overlapping
ranges,
tend
show
less
overlap
effective
separation.
Taken
together,
propose
different
degrees
of
geographically
hence,
a
pattern
partitioning,
explain
differences
between
ecosystems.
Язык: Английский
Community Assembly Mechanisms of Populus euphratica in Northwest China and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors
Plants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(23), С. 3283 - 3283
Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2024
Populus
euphratica
is
a
key
community-building
species
in
the
desert
riparian
forests
of
Northwest
China,
exhibiting
exceptional
resistance
to
stress
and
playing
vital
role
soil
water
conservation
as
well
maintaining
ecological
balance
arid
regions.
To
investigate
processes
underlying
composition
P.
communities
identify
their
community
construction
mechanisms,
this
study
analyses
diversity
phylogenetic
58
communities,
exploring
assembly
influencing
factors.
This
research
aims
elucidate
relationship
between
structure
from
perspective
evolution
analyse
mechanisms
across
different
clusters
environments.
The
results
show
that
China
relatively
low,
significant
correlation
noted
with
(PD).
Shannon–Wiener
Margalef
indices
exhibit
similar
trends,
whereas
Simpson’s
index
opposite
trends.
Pielou’s
range
0.7
0.85.
Notably,
PD
euphratica–Haloxylon
ammodendron
association
group
(Group
4)
significantly
higher
(p
<
0.05)
compared
other
groups.
Additionally,
net
relatedness
(NRI)
nearest
taxon
(NTI)
peaked
euphratica–H.
pruinosa–Tamarix
ramosissima–Phragmites
australis
1)
0.05).
A
Pearson
analysis
indicated
was
positively
correlated
Margalef’s
index,
Shannon–Wiener’s
but
negatively
while
also
being
associated
environmental
Key
factors
include
total
phosphorus,
pH,
moisture
content,
potassium,
mean
temperature
coldest
quarter,
precipitation
wettest
month,
seasonality.
Soil
primarily
affected
Pielou
Simpson
diversity,
climatic
mainly
influenced
indices.
were
by
combined
effects
play
crucial
sustaining
adaptation
these
plant
communities.
In
summary,
may
niche
response
changes,
competitive
exclusion
might
be
primary
process
shaping
structure.
Climatic
shown
important
regulators
Язык: Английский