Strontium isotope mapping of elephant enamel supports an integrated microsampling-modeling workflow to reconstruct herbivore migrations

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mammoth featured heavily in Western Clovis diet

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(49)

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024

Ancient Native American ancestors (Clovis) have been interpreted as either specialized megafauna hunters or generalist foragers. Supporting data are typically indirect (toolkits, associated fauna) speculative (models, actualistic experiments). Here, we present stable isotope analyses of the only known Clovis individual, 18-month-old Anzick child, to directly infer maternal protein diet. Using comparative fauna from this region and period, find that mammoth was largest contributor diet, followed by elk bison/camel, while contribution small mammals negligible, broadly consistent with zooarchaeological record. When compared second-order consumers, Anzick-1 diet is closest scimitar cat, a specialist. Our findings megafaunal specialist model, using sophisticated technology high residential mobility subsist on highest ranked prey, an adaptation allowing them rapidly expand across Americas south Pleistocene ice sheets.

Язык: Английский

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Techno-Morphological Study of Swan Point Burins, from the 14,200-Year-Old Diuktai Phase of the East Beringian Tradition

PaleoAmerica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 17

Опубликована: Май 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Combined Ca, Sr isotope and trace element analyses of Late Cretaceous dinosaur teeth: assessing diet versus diagenesis

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Sustainability insights from Late Pleistocene climate change and horse migration patterns

Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 388(6748), С. 748 - 755

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Climate affects habitat, food availability, and the movement sustainability of all life. In this work, we apply Indigenous Western scientific methods, including genomics isotope profiling, on fossils from across Beringia to explore effect climate change horses. We find that Late Pleistocene horses Alaska northern Yukon are related populations Eurasia crossed Bering land bridge multiple times during last glacial interval. also deeply divergent lineages north south American ice sheets genetically influenced into Eurasia. As warmed entered ice-free corridor connecting midcontinental America, restricted mobility availability impeded population growth. Our combined framework offers critical guidance for wildlife conservation amid ongoing change.

Язык: Английский

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Steppe-tundra composition and deglacial floristic turnover in interior Alaska revealed by sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA)

Quaternary Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 334, С. 108672 - 108672

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

When tracing vegetation dynamics over long timescales, obtaining enough floristic information to gain a detailed understanding of past communities and their transitions can be challenging. The first high-resolution sedimentary DNA (sedaDNA) metabarcoding record from lake sediments in Alaska—reported here—covers nearly 15,000 years change. It shows unprecedented detail the composition late-Pleistocene "steppe-tundra" ice-free Alaska, part an intriguing late-Quaternary "no-analogue" biome, it covers subsequent changes that led development modern spruce-dominated boreal forest. site (Chisholm Lake) lies close key archaeological sites, throws new light on landscape resources available early humans. Initially, was dominated by forbs found tundra and/or subarctic steppe (e.g., Potentilla, Draba, Eritrichium, Anemone patens), graminoids Bromus pumpellianus, Festuca, Calamagrostis, Puccinellia), with Salix only prominent woody taxon. Predominantly xeric, warm-to-cold habitats are indicated, we explain mixed ecological preferences fossil assemblages as topo-mosaic strongly affected insolation load. At ca. 14,500 cal yr BP (calendar before C.E. 1950), about same time well documented human arrivals coincident increase effective moisture, Betula expanded. Graminoids became less abundant, but many open-ground forb taxa persisted. This woody-herbaceous mosaic is compatible observed persistence Pleistocene megafaunal species (animals weighing ≥44 kg)—important for greatest taxonomic turnover, marking transition regional woodland further moisture increase, began 11,000 when Populus expanded, along shrub Shepherdia, Eleagnus, Rubus, Viburnum). Picea then expanded 9500 BP, typical evergreen Spiraea, Cornus, Linnaea). We no evidence late Pleistocene, however. Most present today were established 5000 after almost complete turnover since start (though Larix appeared at 1500 BP). Prominent fluctuations aquatic 14,000–9,500 probably related lake-level prior reaching its high, near-modern depth 8,000 BP.

Язык: Английский

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Strontium isotope mapping of elephant enamel supports a micro-sampling and modeling workflow to reconstruct past migrations

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of incrementally grown tissues have been used to study animal movement/migration. Despite growing interest in this tool, questions remain regarding how different dental preserve the same 87Sr/86Sr input signal, and biological processes sampling methods influence measured enamel 87Sr/86Sr. We collected data from tusk dentine molar Misha, a zoo elephant with known movement history, using situ laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS) mapping, conventional drilling, micromilling techniques. compared substrates evaluate turnover, tissue type, methods. Our LA-ICP-MS analysis showed remarkable geometry consistent apposition. Enamel maturation affects primarily outer enamel. Conventional drilling produced attenuated records due sample averaging. Caution should be taken when interpreting conventionally drilled enamel, which may bias reconstructions results show that innermost associated growth measurements can best recover primary turnover history. However, is still source signal attenuation accounted for. recommend micro-sampling inverse modeling workflow we demonstrate Misha’s data. While broader application approach would benefit more experiments, it facilitate quantitative interpretations movement/migration histories help answer individual life history such as human/animal seasonal subsistence reproductive patterns.

Язык: Английский

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Modern plants and sulfur isoscapes — A review, discussion, and construction of a pilot δ³⁴S isoscape for mobility and provenance studies

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(21)

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

RATIONALE Sulfur isotopes are increasingly used as mobility indicators in humans and animals biology, archaeology, forensics. However, there has been a lack of modern sulfur isotope baseline “isoscape” studies using plants animals, largely due to the possibility contamination S values by pollution. METHODS We collected from across 900‐km east–west transect British Columbia Canada measured their values. then random forest model determine which variables best explained data patterning produced isoscape for southern region Columbia. RESULTS see clear plant that relate geographical location rainfall. Our also shows this study area, it is unlikely significant influence anthropogenic pollution on δ 34 discuss use substrate isoscapes possible explanations often‐observed difference between animal same region, related differing sources compared amino acids human tissues. CONCLUSIONS found areas world where likely less widespread, produce should be an accurate studies. Using modelling, we have map can ecology, forensic archaeological

Язык: Английский

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Oxygen isotope studies of the largest West Siberian mammoth sites and implications for last glacial maximum climate reconstruction

Quaternary Science Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 343, С. 108938 - 108938

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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