Sex in aging matters: exercise and chronic stress differentially impact females and males across the lifespan

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Assessing sex as a biological variable is critical to determining the influence of environmental and lifestyle risks protective factors mediating behavior neuroplasticity across lifespan. We investigated differences in affective behavior, memory, hippocampal neurogenesis following short- or long-term exposure exercise chronic mild stress young aged mice. Male female mice were assigned control, running, rearing conditions for 1 month (young) 15 months (aged), then underwent behavioral test battery assess activity, memory. Stress into late-adulthood increased hyperactivity both sexes, enhanced anxiety-like depressive-like female, but not male, One running had no differential effects on males females. Running survival BrdU-labelled cells mice, spatial memory These findings highlight importance considering when how aging differently impacted by modifiable

Язык: Английский

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Stress-induced changes in the molecular processes underlying fear memories: implications for PTSD and relevant animal models

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Most of the fear literature on humans and animals tests healthy individuals. However, memories can differ between individuals those previously exposed to traumatic stress, such as a car accident, sexual abuse, military combat personal assault. Traumatic stress lead post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) which presents alterations in memories, an impairment extinction recall. PTSD-like animal models are single highly stressful experience laboratory, immobilization or single-prolonged stress. Some days later, model be tested procedures that help uncover molecular mechanisms memories. In this review, there discussed stress-induced patients with PTSD models. The focus is effects estradiol cortisol/corticosterone hormones different genes, FKBP prolyl isomerase 5 gene (FKBP5) - FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) polypeptide type I receptor (PAC1R), endocannabinoid (eCB) system tropomyosin kinase B (TrkB) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). conclusion greater emphasis should placed investigating PTSD, through direct testing use relevant

Язык: Английский

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Comparative perspectives on neuropeptide function and social isolation

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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What I was thinking/what I would do differently: Biological markers and mechanisms of mental health

Journal of Traumatic Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(5), С. 731 - 738

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

At the 39th meeting of International Society Traumatic Stress Studies, four leading scientists and clinicians were invited to reflect on their careers, focusing biological mechanisms markers traumatic stress. Dr. Raul Andero has contributed understanding how stress alters memory networks in brain, influencing development novel treatments. Tanja Jovanovic pioneered measurement mechanistic fear learning, bridging basic clinical research. Murray B. Stein scaled up lab observations large populations, refining field's Arieh Y Shalev shaped definition stress, pioneering longitudinal investigation integrating advanced computational methods identify individuals at risk. These panelists asked initial problems, ambitions, concerns, unexpected challenges, as well influence work, new research trajectories. Their insights provide valuable lessons about process content efforts have significantly our

Язык: Английский

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Generalization and extinction of platform-mediated avoidance in male and female rats

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024

Abstract Background Understanding the basis of anxiety-related disorders can be advanced by studying fear learning mechanisms implicated in transition from adaptive to maladaptive fear. Individuals with anxiety typically exhibit impaired extinction, pervasive avoidance, and overgeneralization While most research has examined deviations these characteristics isolation, their potential interactions remain understudied. Here, we introduce a modification platform-mediated avoidance task use it chart generalization, extinction using single procedure male female rats. Results In first experiment, demonstrated that rats readily acquire show gradient generalization two-day test, gradually reduce responding under extinction. second likewise exhibited successful learning, showed gradual defensive behaviors. Across both experiments, interesting sex differences emerged. The third experiment aimed at corroborating but they were subtler than expected prior separate experiments. Finally, present an open-source automated system facilitate processing DeepLabCut SimBA output obtain reliable results for scoring freezing behavior. Conclusions modified effectively probe procedure. Our behavioral approach offers researchers efficient reproducible method quantify behaviors darting

Язык: Английский

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The PAC1 receptor risk genotype does not influence fear acquisition, extinction, or generalization in no trauma/low trauma women

Biological Psychology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 108981 - 108981

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Women are known to have twice as much lifetime prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) men do. It has been reported that the risk genotype (CC) a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2267735) in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP-PAC1R) system is associated with PTSD and altered fear conditioning extinction women. Surprisingly, no previous work studied effect this SNP on conditioning, extinction, or generalization non-traumatized/low trauma load Here, two separate groups women underwent either two-day paradigm, one-day paradigm. Results showed significant differences between genotypes conditioned stimulus discrimination, during acquisition, generalization. These findings suggest previously processing impairments traumatized CC not consequence alone, but likely dependent interaction genetic exposure traumatic stressors.

Язык: Английский

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Neuroimaging evidence of disturbed self-appraisal in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 344, С. 111888 - 111888

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

The experience of self-hood in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is altered cognitively and somatically. Dysfunctional negative cognitions about the self are a central mechanism PTSD symptomatology treatment. However, while higher-order brain models disturbances self-appraisal (i.e., cognitive processes relating to evaluating self) have been examined other psychiatric disorders, it unclear how normative function during impaired PTSD. This paper presents PRISMA systematic review functional neuroimaging studies (n = 5), establish neurobiological account disturbed was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023450509). Self-appraisal linked disrupted activity core self-processing regions Default Mode Network (DMN); involved control emotion regulation, salience valuation. Because relatively under-studied, only small number could be included for review. Cross-study heterogeneity analytic approaches trauma-exposure history prohibited quantitative meta-analysis. proposes mechanistic neural dysfunctions may manifest clinically inform targeted selection appropriate treatment options. We present research agenda future work advance field.

Язык: Английский

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Sex Differences in Neural Circuits Underlying Fear Processing

Current topics in behavioral neurosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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