New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
224(4), С. 1544 - 1556
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2019
Biomass
and
area
ratios
between
leaves,
stems
roots
regulate
many
physiological
ecological
processes.
The
Huber
value
Hv
(sapwood
area/leaf
ratio)
is
central
to
plant
water
balance
drought
responses.
However,
its
coordination
with
key
functional
traits
poorly
understood,
prevents
developing
trait-based
prediction
models.
Based
on
theoretical
arguments,
we
hypothesise
that
global
patterns
in
of
terminal
woody
branches
can
be
predicted
from
variables
related
trait
spectra,
hydraulics
size
leaf
economics.
Using
a
compilation
1135
species-averaged
,
show
varies
over
three
orders
magnitude.
Higher
are
seen
short
small-leaved
low-specific
(SLA)
shrubs
low
Ks
arid
relative
tall
large-leaved
high-SLA
trees
high
moist
environments.
All
depend
climate
but
climatic
correlations
stronger
for
explanatory
than
.
Negative
isometry
found
suggesting
compensation
maintain
hydraulic
supply
leaves
across
species.
This
work
identifies
the
major
drivers
branch
sapwood/leaf
ratios.
Our
approach
based
widely
available
facilitates
development
accurate
models
above-ground
biomass
allocation
helps
predict
vegetation
responses
drought.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
26(1), С. 119 - 188
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2019
Abstract
Plant
traits—the
morphological,
anatomical,
physiological,
biochemical
and
phenological
characteristics
of
plants—determine
how
plants
respond
to
environmental
factors,
affect
other
trophic
levels,
influence
ecosystem
properties
their
benefits
detriments
people.
trait
data
thus
represent
the
basis
for
a
vast
area
research
spanning
from
evolutionary
biology,
community
functional
ecology,
biodiversity
conservation,
landscape
management,
restoration,
biogeography
earth
system
modelling.
Since
its
foundation
in
2007,
TRY
database
plant
traits
has
grown
continuously.
It
now
provides
unprecedented
coverage
under
an
open
access
policy
is
main
used
by
worldwide.
Increasingly,
also
supports
new
frontiers
trait‐based
research,
including
identification
gaps
subsequent
mobilization
or
measurement
data.
To
support
this
development,
article
we
evaluate
extent
compiled
analyse
emerging
patterns
representativeness.
Best
species
achieved
categorical
traits—almost
complete
‘plant
growth
form’.
However,
most
relevant
ecology
vegetation
modelling
are
characterized
continuous
intraspecific
variation
trait–environmental
relationships.
These
have
be
measured
on
individual
respective
environment.
Despite
coverage,
observe
humbling
lack
completeness
representativeness
these
many
aspects.
We,
therefore,
conclude
that
reducing
biases
remains
key
challenge
requires
coordinated
approach
measurements.
This
can
only
collaboration
with
initiatives.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
8(12)
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2018
Abstract
Distributed
environmental
mechanical
energy
is
rarely
collected
due
to
its
fluctuating
amplitudes
and
low
frequency,
which
usually
attributed
as
“random”
energy.
Considering
the
rapid
development
of
Internet
things
(IoT),
there
a
great
need
for
large
number
distributed
sustainable
power
sources.
Here,
natural
leaf
assembled
triboelectric
nanogenerator
(Leaf‐TENG)
designed
by
utilizing
green
an
electrification
layer
electrode
effectively
harvest
The
Leaf‐TENG
with
good
adaptability
has
maximum
output
≈45
mW
m
−2
,
capable
driving
advertising
LEDs
commercial
electronic
temperature
sensors.
Besides,
tree‐shaped
harvester
integrated
large‐area
This
work
provides
new
prospect
environmental‐friendly
sources
potential
applications
in
IoT
self‐powered
systems.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
231(2), С. 540 - 558
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2021
Despite
their
extent
and
socio-ecological
importance,
a
comprehensive
biogeographical
synthesis
of
drylands
is
lacking.
Here
we
synthesize
the
biogeography
key
organisms
(vascular
nonvascular
vegetation
soil
microorganisms),
attributes
(functional
traits,
spatial
patterns,
plant-plant
plant-soil
interactions)
processes
(productivity
land
cover)
across
global
drylands.
These
areas
have
long
evolutionary
history,
are
centers
diversification
for
many
plant
lineages
include
important
diversity
hotspots.
This
captures
strikingly
high
portion
variation
in
leaf
functional
observed
globally.
Part
this
associated
with
large
response
effect
traits
shrubs
encroaching
dryland
grasslands.
Aridity
its
interplay
interacting
species
largely
shape
patterns
interactions,
patterns.
also
drives
composition
biocrust
communities
productivity,
which
shows
geographical
variation.
We
finish
our
review
by
discussing
major
research
gaps,
include:
studying
regular
patterns;
establishing
large-scale
field
surveys
assessing
individual-level
trait
measurements;
knowing
whether
impacts
interactions
on
biodiversity
predictable;
how
elevated
CO2
modulates
future
aridity
conditions
productivity.
Journal of Vegetation Science,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
30(2), С. 161 - 186
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2019
Abstract
Aims
Vegetation‐plot
records
provide
information
on
the
presence
and
cover
or
abundance
of
plants
co‐occurring
in
same
community.
data
are
spread
across
research
groups,
environmental
agencies
biodiversity
centers
and,
thus,
rarely
accessible
at
continental
global
scales.
Here
we
present
sPlot
database,
which
collates
vegetation
plots
worldwide
to
allow
for
exploration
patterns
taxonomic,
functional
phylogenetic
diversity
plant
community
level.
Results
version
2.1
contains
from
1,121,244
plots,
comprise
23,586,216
species
their
relative
collected
between
1885
2015.
We
complemented
each
plot
by
retrieving
climate
soil
conditions
biogeographic
context
(e.g.,
biomes)
external
sources,
calculating
community‐weighted
means
variances
traits
using
gap‐filled
trait
database
TRY.
Moreover,
created
a
tree
50,167
out
54,519
identified
plots.
first
maps
richness
key
traits.
Conclusions
The
availability
offers
new
avenues
analysis
scale.
Nature Ecology & Evolution,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
6(1), С. 36 - 50
Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2021
Abstract
Plant
functional
traits
can
predict
community
assembly
and
ecosystem
functioning
are
thus
widely
used
in
global
models
of
vegetation
dynamics
land–climate
feedbacks.
Still,
we
lack
a
understanding
how
land
climate
affect
plant
traits.
A
previous
analysis
six
observed
two
main
axes
variation:
(1)
size
variation
at
the
organ
level
(2)
leaf
economics
balancing
persistence
against
growth
potential.
The
orthogonality
these
suggests
they
differently
influenced
by
environmental
drivers.
We
find
that
persist
dataset
17
across
more
than
20,000
species.
dominant
joint
effect
soil
on
trait
variation.
Additional
independent
effects
also
most
traits,
whereas
almost
exclusively
for
Variation
correlates
well
with
latitudinal
gradient
related
to
water
or
energy
limitation.
In
contrast,
is
better
explained
interactions
fertility.
These
findings
have
potential
improve
our
biodiversity
patterns
predictions
change
impacts
biogeochemical
cycles.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
233(5), С. 2017 - 2035
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2021
Summary
Biodiversity
today
has
the
unusual
property
that
85%
of
plant
and
animal
species
live
on
land
rather
than
in
sea,
half
these
tropical
rainforests.
An
explosive
boost
to
terrestrial
diversity
occurred
from
c
.
100–50
million
years
ago,
Late
Cretaceous
early
Palaeogene.
During
this
interval,
Earth‐life
system
was
reset,
biosphere
expanded
a
new
level
productivity,
enhancing
capacity
environments.
This
biodiversity
coincided
with
innovations
flowering
biology
evolutionary
ecology,
including
their
flowers
efficiencies
reproduction;
coevolution
animals,
especially
pollinators
herbivores;
photosynthetic
capacities;
adaptability;
ability
modify
habitats.
The
rise
angiosperms
triggered
macroecological
revolution
drove
modern
secular,
prolonged
shift
new,
high
levels,
series
processes
we
name
here
Angiosperm
Terrestrial
Revolution.
