Environmental Risks and Challenges Associated with Neonicotinoid Insecticides

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 52(6), С. 3329 - 3335

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2018

Neonicotinoid use has increased rapidly in recent years, with a global shift toward insecticide applications as seed coatings rather than aerial spraying. While the of can lessen amount overspray and drift, near universal prophylactic neonicotinoid on major agricultural crops led to widespread detections environment (pollen, soil, water, honey). Pollinators aquatic insects appear be especially susceptible effects neonicotinoids current research suggesting that chronic sublethal are more prevalent acute toxicity. Meanwhile, evidence clear consistent yield benefits from remains elusive for most crops. Future decisions will benefit weighing crop versus environmental impacts nontarget organisms considering whether there environmentally benign alternatives.

Язык: Английский

---

A global-scale expert assessment of drivers and risks associated with pollinator decline

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 5(10), С. 1453 - 1461

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

A critical review on the potential impacts of neonicotinoid insecticide use: current knowledge of environmental fate, toxicity, and implications for human health

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 22(6), С. 1315 - 1346

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2020

The review examines literature relevant to environmental fate, transformation, and toxicity, human exposure health risks of neonicotinoid insecticides.

Язык: Английский

---

The insect apocalypse, and why it matters

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(19), С. R967 - R971

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

---

Pesticide residues in honey bees, pollen and beeswax: Assessing beehive exposure

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 241, С. 106 - 114

Опубликована: Май 23, 2018

Язык: Английский

---

Neonicotinoid exposure disrupts bumblebee nest behavior, social networks, and thermoregulation

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 362(6415), С. 683 - 686

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2018

Trouble at the hive Neonicotinoid pesticides cause mortality and decline in insect pollinators. One repeatedly noted effect is a reduction bee colony size. However, mechanism behind this unclear. Crall et al. performed complex real-time monitoring of bumblebee behavior within their nests (see Perspective by Raine). exposure reduced nurse caretaking behaviors, which affected productivity harmed thermoregulation. These changes acted together to decrease viability, even when was nonlethal. Science , issue p. 683 ; see also 643

Язык: Английский

---

Neonicotinoid Residues in Fruits and Vegetables: An Integrated Dietary Exposure Assessment Approach

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 52(5), С. 3175 - 3184

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2018

Neonicotinoids have become the most widely used insecticides in world since introduced mid 1990s, yet extent of human exposure and health impacts is not fully understood. In this study, residues were analyzed seven neonicotinoids fruit vegetable samples collected from two cross-sectional studies: U.S. Congressional Cafeteria study (USCC) Hangzhou China (HZC) study. We then employed a relative potency factor method to integrate all each food sample using respective reference dose values as basis for summation. The findings compared with data published by Department Agriculture Pesticide Data Program (USDA/PDP). Imidacloprid thiamethoxam commonly detected fruits vegetables 66 51% detection HZC 52 53% USCC respectively. overall frequency USDA/PDP was much lower than those reported here or studies, imidacloprid being frequently neonicotinoid at 7.3%. high frequencies studies give us snapshot ubiquity use global agriculture make it clear that part dietary staple, possible implications individuals.

Язык: Английский

---

Widespread Occurrence of Pesticides in Organically Managed Agricultural Soils—the Ghost of a Conventional Agricultural Past?

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 55(5), С. 2919 - 2928

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2021

Pesticides are applied in large quantities to agroecosystems worldwide. To date, few studies assessed the occurrence of pesticides organically managed agricultural soils, and it is unresolved whether these pesticide residues affect soil life. We screened 100 fields under organic conventional management with an analytical method containing 46 (16 herbicides, 8 herbicide transformation products, 17 fungicides, seven insecticides). were found all sites, including 40 fields. The number was two times concentration nine higher compared Pesticide concentrations significantly decreased duration management. Even after 20 years agriculture, up 16 different present. Microbial biomass specifically abundance arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, a widespread group beneficial plant symbionts, negatively linked amount soil. This indicates that residues, addition abiotic factors such as pH, key factor determining microbial life agroecosystems. comprehensive study demonstrates hidden reality our results suggest they have harmful effects on

Язык: Английский

---

Trends in neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food and water in the United States, 1999–2015

Environmental Health, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2019

Neonicotinoids are a class of systemic insecticides widely used on food crops globally. These pesticides may be found in “off-target” items and persist the environment. Despite potential for extensive human exposure, there limited studies regarding prevalence neonicotinoid residues foods sold consumed United States. Residue data seven collected between 1999 2015 by US Department Agriculture’s Pesticide Data Program (PDP) were collated summarized year across various commodities, including fruit, vegetable, meat, dairy, grain, honey, baby food, as well water to qualitatively describe examine trends contamination frequency residue concentrations. The highest detection frequencies (DFs) neonicotinoids all commodities generally below 20%. Average DFs over entire study period, 1999–2015, domestic imported similar at 4.5%. For samples (both imported) imidacloprid was with overall 12.0%. However, higher observed specific commodity-neonicotinoid combinations such as: cherries (45.9%), apples (29.5%), pears (24.1%) strawberries (21.3%) acetamiprid; cauliflower (57.5%), celery (20.9%), (26.3%), cilantro (30.6%), grapes (28.9%), collard greens (24.9%), kale (31.4%), lettuce (45.6%), potatoes (31.2%) spinach (38.7%) imidacloprid. also detected organic (DF < 6%). Individual least 5% testing positive two or more included apples, celery, cherries. Generally, did not exceed Environmental Protection Agency tolerance levels. Increases both finished untreated from 2004 2011. Analysis PDP indicates that low levels present commonly-consumed fruits vegetables US. Trends suggest an increase use acetamiprid, clothianidin thiamethoxam replacements Given these findings, surveillance supply is warranted, biomonitoring assessment cumulative daily intake high risk groups, pregnant women infants.

Язык: Английский

---

Quantifying the impact of pesticides on learning and memory in bees

Journal of Applied Ecology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 55(6), С. 2812 - 2821

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2018

Abstract Most insecticides are insect neurotoxins. Evidence is emerging that sublethal doses of these neurotoxins affecting the learning and memory both wild managed bee colonies, exacerbating negative effects pesticide exposure reducing individual foraging efficiency. Variation in methodologies interpretation results across studies has precluded quantitative evaluation impacts needed to make recommendations for policy change. It not clear whether robust occur under acute regimes (often argued be more field‐realistic than chronic upon which many based), dosages, pesticides other neonicotinoids. Here we use meta‐analysis examine impact on performance proboscis extension‐based assays, paradigm most commonly used assess bees. We draw together 104 (learning) 167 (memory) estimated effect sizes a diverse range studies. detected significant (i) at field realistic (ii) application, (iii) neonicotinoid non‐neonicotinoid groups. also expose key gaps literature include critical lack non‐ Apis bees, larval (potentially one major routes), alternative paradigms. Policy implications . Procedures registration new within EU member states now typically require assessment risks pollinators if potential target crops attractive However, our provide evidence subtle, effects, consequences unlikely small‐scale prelicensing laboratory or trials, but can when landscape scale. Our findings highlight need long‐term postlicensing environmental safety monitoring as requirement licensing plant protection products.

Язык: Английский

---