The Impact of the Tumor Microenvironment on Macrophage Polarization in Cancer Metastatic Progression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(12), С. 6560 - 6560

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2021

Rather than primary solid tumors, metastasis is one of the hallmarks most cancer deaths. Metastasis a multistage event in which cells escape from tumor survive circulation and disseminate to distant sites. According Stephen Paget's "Seed Soil" hypothesis, metastatic capacity determined not only by internal oncogenic driving force but also external environment cells. Throughout body, macrophages are required for maintaining tissue homeostasis, even milieu. To fulfill these multiple functions, polarized inflammation status (M1-like) anti-inflammation (M2-like) maintain balance between regeneration. However, cell-enforced tumor-associated (TAMs) (a high M2/M1 ratio status) associated with poor prognosis such as ovarian cancer. In fact, clinical evidence has verified that TAMs, representing up 50% mass, exert both protumor immunosuppressive effects promoting through secretion interleukin 10 (IL10), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), VEGF, expression PD-1 consumption arginine inhibit T cell anti-tumor function. underlying molecular mechanisms microenvironment favors reprogramming TAMs establish premetastatic niche remain controversial. this review, we examine latest investigations during development, microenvironmental factors involved macrophage polarization, TAM-mediated metastasis. We hope dissect critical roles metastasis, potential applications TAM-targeted therapeutic strategies treatment discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Tumor-draining lymph nodes: At the crossroads of metastasis and immunity

Science Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(63)

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2021

Early engagement of the lymphatic system by solid tumors in peripheral, nonlymphoid tissues is a clinical hallmark cancer and often forecasts poor prognosis. The significance lymph node metastasis for distant spread, however, has been questioned large-scale dissection trials likely prevalence direct hematogenous metastasis. Still, an emerging appreciation immunological role tumor-draining renewed interest its basic biology, metastatic progression, antitumor immunity, patient outcomes. In this review, we discuss our current understanding early mechanisms through which engage transport condition nodes, these changes both potential implications immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

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NOREVA: enhanced normalization and evaluation of time-course and multi-class metabolomic data

Nucleic Acids Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 48(W1), С. W436 - W448

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2020

Abstract Biological processes (like microbial growth & physiological response) are usually dynamic and require the monitoring of metabolic variation at different time-points. Moreover, there is clear shift from case-control (N=2) study to multi-class (N>2) problem in current metabolomics, which crucial for revealing mechanisms underlying certain process, disease metastasis, etc. These time-course metabolomics have attracted great attention, data normalization essential removing unwanted biological/experimental variations these studies. However, no tool (including NOREVA 1.0 focusing only on studies) available effectively assessing performance method time-course/multi-class metabolomic data. Thus, was updated version 2.0 by (i) realizing evaluation both data, (ii) integrating 144 methods a recently proposed combination strategy (iii) identifying well-performing comprehensively largest set normalizations (168 total, significantly larger than those 24 1.0). The significance this update extensively validated case studies benchmark datasets. All all, distinguished its capability method(s) makes it an indispensable complement other tools. can be accessed https://idrblab.org/noreva/.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic Reprogramming in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10

Опубликована: Март 31, 2020

Metabolic reprogramming is an emerging hallmark of cancer cells, in which cells exhibit distinct metabolic phenotypes to fuel their proliferation and progression. The significant advancements made the area make possible new strategies for overcoming malignant cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer. Triple-negative associated with high histologic grade, aggressive phenotype, poor prognosis. Even though patients benefit from standard chemotherapy, they still face recurrence rates are more likely develop resistance chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, there urgent need explore vulnerabilities novel therapeutic drugs improve clinical outcomes patients. may provide promising targets treatment In this paper, we primarily discuss how reprogram phenotype that stromal microenvironment survive under nutrient-poor conditions. Considering metastasis chemoresistance main contributors mortality patients, also focus on role adaption mediating tumors.

Язык: Английский

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Optimization of metabolomic data processing using NOREVA

Nature Protocols, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 17(1), С. 129 - 151

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2021

Язык: Английский

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