Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
42(6)
Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2022
Stereospondyls
underwent
a
global
radiation
in
the
Early
Triassic,
including
an
abundance
of
small-bodied
taxa,
which
are
otherwise
rare
throughout
Mesozoic.
Lapillopsidae
is
one
such
clade
and
presently
known
only
from
Australia
India.
This
clade's
phylogenetic
position,
initially
interpreted
as
micropholid
dissorophoids
later
early
diverging
stereospondyls,
remains
uncertain.
Although
latter
interpretation
now
widely
accepted,
lapillopsids'
specific
relationship
to
other
Triassic
clades
unresolved;
particular,
recent
work
suggested
that
nests
within
Lydekkerinidae.
Here
we
describe
Rhigerpeton
isbelli,
gen.
et
sp.
nov.,
based
on
partial
skull
lower
Fremouw
Formation
Antarctica
diagnosed
by
combination
features
shared
with
at
least
some
lapillopsids,
longitudinal
ridge
dorsal
surface
tabular,
not
found
lapillopsids
but
lydekkerinids,
retention
pterygoid
denticles
parachoanal
tooth
row
(as
Lydekkerina,
for
example).
A
series
analyses
confirm
lapillopsid
affinities
R.
isbelli
provide
conflicting
results
regarding
polyphyly
and/or
paraphyly
Lydekkerinidae
respect
lapillopsids.
The
position
Temnospondyli
highly
sensitive
taxon
sampling
predominantly
temnospondyls.
occurrence
brings
documented
temnospondyl
diversity
more
line
historically
well-sampled
portions
southern
Pangea,
robust
biogeographic
comparisons
remain
hindered
inability
resolve
many
historic
Antarctic
records
finer
taxonomic
scales
needed
biostratigraphy.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
614(7946), С. 102 - 107
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
Living
amphibians
(Lissamphibia)
include
frogs
and
salamanders
(Batrachia)
the
limbless
worm-like
caecilians
(Gymnophiona).
The
estimated
Palaeozoic
era
gymnophionan-batrachian
molecular
divergence1
suggests
a
major
gap
in
record
of
crown
lissamphibians
prior
to
their
earliest
fossil
occurrences
Triassic
period2-6.
Recent
studies
find
monophyletic
Batrachia
within
dissorophoid
temnospondyls7-10,
but
absence
pre-Jurassic
period
caecilian
fossils11,12
has
made
relationships
batrachians
affinities
tetrapods
controversial1,8,13,14.
Here
we
report
geologically
oldest
stem
caecilian-a
lissamphibian
from
Late
epoch
Arizona,
USA-extending
by
around
35
million
years.
These
fossils
illuminate
tempo
mode
early
morphological
functional
evolution,
demonstrating
delayed
acquisition
musculoskeletal
features
associated
with
fossoriality
living
caecilians,
including
dual
jaw
closure
mechanism15,16,
reduced
orbits17
tentacular
organ18.
provenance
these
Pangaean
equatorial
origin
for
implying
that
biogeography
reflects
conserved
aspects
function
physiology19,
combination
vicariance
patterns
driven
plate
tectonics20.
reveal
is
unique
alongside
are
shared
batrachian
temnospondyls,
providing
new
compelling
evidence
supporting
single
temnospondyls.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
119(30)
Опубликована: Июль 11, 2022
Salamanders
are
an
important
group
of
living
amphibians
and
model
organisms
for
understanding
locomotion,
development,
regeneration,
feeding,
toxicity
in
tetrapods.
However,
their
origin
early
radiation
remain
poorly
understood,
with
fossil
stem-salamanders
so
far
represented
by
larval
or
incompletely
known
taxa.
This
poor
record
also
limits
the
Lissamphibia
(i.e.,
frogs,
salamanders,
caecilians).
We
report
fossils
from
Middle
Jurassic
Scotland
representing
almost
entire
skeleton
enigmatic
stem-salamander
Marmorerpeton.
use
computed
tomography
to
visualize
high-resolution
three-dimensional
anatomy,
describing
morphologies
that
were
characterized
including
braincase,
scapulocoracoid,
lower
jaw.
these
data
context
a
phylogenetic
analysis
intended
resolve
relationships
stem-salamanders,
representation
outgroups
alongside
imaging
extant
species.
Marmorerpeton
is
united
Karaurus,
Kokartus,
others
Jurassic-Lower
Cretaceous
Asia,
providing
evidence
robustly
built
neotenous
stem-salamanders.
These
taxa
display
morphological
specializations
similar
cryptobranchid
"giant"
salamanders.
Our
demonstrates
stem-group
affinities
larger
sample
species
than
previously
recognized,
highlighting
unappreciated
diversity
cautioning
against
single
(e.g.,
Karaurus)
as
exemplars
anatomy.
findings,
combined
knowledge
near-complete
skeletal
anatomy
Mamorerpeton,
advance
our
evolutionary
changes
on
salamander
stem-lineage
provide
salamanders
origins
Batrachia
Lissamphibia.
Albanerpetontids
are
an
extinct
clade
of
superficially
salamander-like
lissamphibians
that
range
from
the
Middle
Jurassic
(Bathonian)-Early
Pleistocene
and
have
a
primarily
Laurasian
distribution.
The
best
Cenozoic
record
for
is
in
Europe,
where
two
species
type
genus
AlbanerpetonEstes
&
Hoffstetter,
1976
occur
over
40
localities
early
Oligocene-Early
age
Austria,
Czech
Republic,
France,
Germany,
Hungary,
Italy,
Serbia.
From
post-evaporitic
Messinian
(5.41-5.33
Ma
or
latest
Miocene)
succession
at
Moncucco
Torinese,
Piedmont
Basin,
northwestern
here
we
describe
isolated
albanerpetontid
jaws
vertebrae
referable
to
A.
pannonicumVenczel
Gardner,
2005.
This
Italian
occurrence
extends
temporal
pannonicum
Early
Pliocene
back
into
Miocene
it
narrows
gap
between
its
European
congener,
inexpectatumEstes
(early
Oligocene-late
Miocene).
Communications Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
5(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022
Abstract
Fossil
material
in
amber
from
Myanmar
can
provide
important
insights
into
mid-Cretaceous
forest
ecosystems.
However,
has
been
receiving
increased
international
attention
due
to
reported
links
between
mining
and
the
ongoing
humanitarian
crisis
northern
Myanmar,
as
well
legal
issues
associated
with
its
exportation.
Here,
we
conduct
a
bibliometric
analysis
of
publications
(1990–2021)
demonstrate
how
research
interest
is
explicitly
linked
major
political,
legal,
economic
changes.
An
authorship
networks
for
on
inclusions
reveals
current
practices
have
excluded
researchers
field.
In
addition,
trade
fossil
falls
‘grey-zone’
which
continues
be
exploited.
This
case
study
vividly
demonstrates
that
systemic
changes,
alongside
an
awareness
inequitable
amongst
broader
scientific
allied
communities,
are
urgently
needed
curb
illegal
palaeontology.
Teeth
are
present
in
most
clades
of
vertebrates
but
have
been
lost
completely
several
times
actinopterygian
fishes
and
amniotes.
Using
phenotypic
data
collected
from
over
500
genera
via
micro-computed
tomography,
we
provide
the
first
rigorous
assessment
evolutionary
history
dentition
across
all
major
lineages
amphibians.
We
demonstrate
that
is
invariably
caecilians
salamanders,
teeth
more
than
20
frogs,
a
much
higher
occurrence
edentulism
any
other
vertebrate
group.
The
repeated
loss
anurans
associated
with
specialized
diet
small
invertebrate
prey
as
well
shortening
lower
jaw,
it
not
correlated
reduction
body
size.
Frogs
an
unparalleled
opportunity
for
investigating
molecular
developmental
mechanisms
convergent
tooth
on
large
phylogenetic
scale.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2022
Abstract
We
here
report
on
a
well-preserved
juvenile
lizard
specimen
in
Albian
amber
(ca.
110
mya)
from
the
Hkamti
site
(Myanmar).
This
new
taxon
is
represented
by
an
articulated
skull
and
anterior
portion
of
trunk,
including
pectoral
girdle
forelimbs.
The
scleral
ossicles
eyelid
are
also
visible,
exhibits
pristine
detail
integument
(of
both
head
body).
In
combined
molecular
morphological
analysis,
it
was
consistently
recovered
as
scincoid
(Scinciformata),
sister
to
Tepexisaurus
+
Xantusiidae.
However,
phylogenetic
position
should
be
interpreted
with
caution
holotype
immature
individual.
explored
possibility
miscoding
ontogenetically
variable
characters
running
alternative
analyses
which
these
were
scored
missing
data
for
our
taxon.
With
exception
one
tree,
Amphisbaenia,
Pan-xantusiid.
Moreover,
we
cannot
rule
out
that
represents
separate
lineage
uncertain
position,
case
many
Jurassic
Cretaceous
taxa.
Nonetheless,
this
fossil
offers
rare
opportunity
glimpse
external
appearance
group
lizards
during
Early
Cretaceous.
