Tracking the global reduction of marine traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2021

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unparalleled global impacts on human mobility. In the ocean, ship-based activities are thought to have been impacted due severe restrictions movements and changes consumption. Here, we quantify map change marine traffic during first half of 2020. There were decreases 70.2% Exclusive Economic Zones but varied spatially temporally alignment with confinement measures. Global declines peaked April, a reduction occupancy 1.4% found across 54.8% sampling units. Passenger vessels presented more marked longer lasting decreases. A regional assessment Western Mediterranean Sea gave further insights regarding pace recovery long-term changes. Our approach provides guidance for large-scale monitoring progress potential effects vessel that may subsequently influence blue economy ocean health.

Язык: Английский

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Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 263, С. 109175 - 109175

Опубликована: Май 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on human–nature interactions: Pathways, evidence and implications

People and Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(3), С. 518 - 527

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2021

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the global response have dramatically changed people's lifestyles in much of world. These major changes, as well associated changes impacts on environment, can alter dynamics direct interactions between humans nature (hereafter human-nature interactions) far beyond those concerned with animals sources novel human infections. There may be a variety consequences for both people nature.Here, we suggest conceptual framework understanding how COVID-19 might affect interactions. This highlights three different, but not mutually exclusive, pathways: (a) opportunity, (b) capability (c) motivation.Through this framework, also that there are several feedback loops by which induced lead to further these such could persist over long term, including after it has ended.The pandemic, had most tragic consequences, viewed 'global natural experiment' provide unprecedented mechanistic insights into complex processes possible strategies manage them best effect. A free Plain Language Summary found within Supporting Information article.新型コロナウイルス感染症の流行（以降、「コロナ感染症」）や世界規模での感染症対策の実施は、人々のライフスタイルを劇的に変化させた。こうしたライフスタイルの変化やそれに伴う環境への影響の変化は、人間と自然との直接的な関わり合い（以降、「人と自然との相互作用」）のダイナミクスを、人畜共通感染症の文脈をはるかに超えた広い範囲で変化させる可能性がある。こうした人と自然の相互作用の変化は、人間と自然の双方に様々な影響をもたらすだろう。。本論文では、コロナ感染症が人と自然の相互作用のダイナミクスにどのような影響を与えるのかを理解するために有効な概念的枠組みを提案する。この枠組みは、人と自然の相互作用の変化が、（一）「機会」の変化、（二）「能力」の変化、（三）「動機」の変化という三つの異なる経路によってもたらされることを示している。またこの枠組みは、コロナ感染症によって引き起こされた人と自然の相互作用の変化が、複数のフィードバックを介して新たな相互作用の変化をもたらし、その影響はコロナ感染症が収束した後も長期にわたって持続し得ることも示唆している。コロナ感染症は極めて悲劇的な状況をもたらしたが、一方でこうした状況は人と自然の相互作用に関する「地球規模の自然実験」とみなすこともできる。この自然実験を利用することによって、人と自然の相互作用の複雑なプロセスとダイナミクスに関する新たな知見を獲得するとともに、この相互作用の適切な管理戦略を検討することができるだろう。.

Язык: Английский

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Nature and COVID-19: The pandemic, the environment, and the way ahead

AMBIO, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50(4), С. 767 - 781

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought profound social, political, economic, and environmental challenges to the world. virus may have emerged from wildlife reservoirs linked disruption, was transmitted humans via trade, its spread facilitated by economic globalization. arrived at a time when wildfires, high temperatures, floods, storms amplified human suffering. These call for powerful response that addresses social development, climate change, biodiversity together, offering an opportunity bring transformational change structure functioning of global economy. This biodefense can include "One Health" approach in all relevant sectors; greener agriculture minimizes greenhouse gas emissions leads healthier diets; sustainable forms energy; more effective international agreements; post-COVID development is equitable sustainable; nature-compatible trade. Restoring enhancing protected areas as part devoting 50% planet's land environmentally sound management conserves would also support adaptation limit contact with zoonotic pathogens. essential links between health well-being, biodiversity, could inspire new generation innovators provide green solutions enable live healthy balance nature leading long-term resilient future.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid behavioural response of urban birds to COVID-19 lockdown

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 288(1946), С. 20202513 - 20202513

Опубликована: Март 10, 2021

Biodiversity is threatened by the growth of urban areas. However, it still poorly understood how animals can cope with and adapt to these rapid dramatic transformations natural environments. The COVID-19 pandemic provides us a unique opportunity unveil mechanisms involved in this process. Lockdown measures imposed most countries are causing an unprecedented reduction human activities, giving experimental setting assess effects our lifestyle on biodiversity. We studied birds' response population lockdown using more than 126 000 bird records collected citizen science project northeastern Spain. compared occurrence detectability birds during spring 2020 baseline data from previous years same areas dates. found that did not increase their probability lockdown, refuting hypothesis nature has recovered its space human-emptied we detectability, especially early morning, suggesting change birds’ daily routines quieter less crowded cities. Therefore, show high behavioural plasticity rapidly adjust novel environmental conditions, such as those COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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How does the beach ecosystem change without tourists during COVID-19 lockdown?

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 255, С. 108972 - 108972

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

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After the anthropause: Lockdown lessons for more‐than‐human geographies

Geographical Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 187(1), С. 69 - 77

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2021

The drastic reductions in human activities and mobilities associated with quarantines implemented to curb the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 was recently described as “the anthropause” by Christian Rutz colleagues. Field scientists argue that anthropause is a once‐in‐a‐lifetime opportunity for observation data collection world devoid anthropogenic disturbances, notably those from extractive industries travel. In this commentary, we unpack spatio‐temporal event, attending its geographies, histories, genealogies. There are multiple precursors events which have locally altered impacts on environment. We document ways COVID‐19 has brought into focus human–animal relations through an analysis practices scientists, publics, nonhuman animals themselves. Following Arundhati Roy, conclude advancing understanding pandemic “portal” rather than pause, identifying lockdown lessons post‐pandemic new normality.

Язык: Английский

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Indoor soundscapes at home during the COVID-19 lockdown in London – Part I: Associations between the perception of the acoustic environment, occupantś activity and well-being

Applied Acoustics, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 183, С. 108305 - 108305

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2021

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, as a result adoption worldwide lockdown measures, home environment has become place where all daily activities are taking for many people. In these changed social and acoustical contexts, we wanted to evaluate perception indoor acoustic in relation traditional new performed at home, i.e., relaxation, working from (WFH). Taking London case study, present paper presents results an online survey administered 464 workers January 2021. The utilized previously developed model assessment soundscapes describe affective responses environments perceptual space defined by

Язык: Английский

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Reduced human activity during COVID-19 alters avian land use across North America

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(39)

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in extraordinary declines human mobility, which, turn, may affect wildlife. Using records of more than 4.3 million birds observed by volunteers from March to May 2017–2020 across Canada and the United States, we found that counts 66 (80%) 82 focal bird species changed pandemic-altered areas, usually increasing comparison prepandemic abundances urban habitat, near major roads airports, counties where lockdowns were pronounced or occurred at same time as peak migration. Our results indicate activity affects many North America’s suggest could make spaces attractive reducing traffic mitigating disturbance transportation after emerge pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of rising temperatures and urbanisation on birds across different climate zones: A mechanistic perspective

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(9), С. 2399 - 2420

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Abstract Climate change and urbanisation are among the most pervasive rapidly growing threats to biodiversity worldwide. However, their impacts usually considered in isolation, interactions rarely examined. Predicting species' responses combined effects of climate urbanisation, therefore, represents a pressing challenge global biology. Birds important model taxa for exploring both behaviour physiology have been well studied urban non‐urban systems. This understanding should allow interactive rising temperatures be inferred, yet considerations these almost entirely lacking from empirical research. Here, we synthesise our current potential mechanisms that could affect how species respond with focus on avian taxa. We discuss motivate future in‐depth research this critically important, overlooked, aspect Increased pronounced consequence (through heat island effect) change. The biological impact warming systems will likely differ magnitude direction when interacting other factors typically vary between habitats, such as resource availability (e.g. water, food microsites) pollution levels. Furthermore, nature may cities situated different types, example, tropical, arid, temperate, continental polar. Within article, highlight drivers mechanistic birds, identify knowledge gaps propose promising avenues. A deeper behavioural physiological mediating provide novel insights into ecology evolution under help better predict population responses.

Язык: Английский

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