The response of Arabidopsis to the apocarotenoid β-cyclocitric acid reveals a role for SIAMESE-RELATED 5 in root development and drought tolerance

PNAS Nexus, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(11)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023

Abstract New regulatory functions in plant development and environmental stress responses have recently emerged for a number of apocarotenoids produced by enzymatic or nonenzymatic oxidation carotenoids. β-Cyclocitric acid (β-CCA) is one such compound derived from β-carotene, which triggers defense mechanisms leading to marked enhancement tolerance drought stress. We show here that this response associated with an inhibition root growth affecting both cell elongation division. Remarkably, β-CCA selectively induced cycle inhibitors the SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR) family, especially SMR5, tip cells. Overexpression SMR5 gene Arabidopsis molecular physiological changes mimicked large part effects β-CCA. In particular, overexpressors exhibited increase not related stomatal closure. up-regulation expression strongly overlapped β-CCA–induced transcriptomic changes. Both led down-regulation many activators (cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases) concomitant genes water deprivation, cellular detoxification, biosynthesis lipid biopolymers as suberin lignin. This was correlated accumulation polyesters roots decrease nonstomatal leaf transpiration. Taken together, our results identify β-CCA–inducible drought-inducible key component stress-signaling pathway reorients metabolism multiple tolerance.

Язык: Английский

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Exogenous application of the apocarotenoid retinaldehyde negatively regulates auxin-mediated root growth

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 196(2), С. 1659 - 1673

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024

Abstract Root development is essential for plant survival. The lack of carotenoid biosynthesis in the phytoene desaturase 3 (pds3) mutant results short primary roots (PRs) and reduced lateral root formation. In this study, we showed that short-term inhibition PDS by fluridone suppresses PR growth wild type, but to a lesser extent auxin mutants Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Such an activity increased endogenous indole-3-acetic acid levels, promoted signaling, partially complemented auxin-deficient mutant, YUCCA 5 7 8 9 quadruple (yucQ). exogenous application retinaldehyde (retinal), apocarotenoid derived from β-carotene, fluridone-induced suppression growth, as well pds3 mutant. Retinal also auxin-induced growth. These suggest retinal may play role regulating modulating levels.

Язык: Английский

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Are carotenoids the true colors of crop improvement?

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 237(6), С. 1946 - 1950

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Carotenoids are isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic organisms and several heterotrophic microorganisms. In plants, carotenoids play key roles as pigments structural components of the apparatus, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, mediators plant–animal interactions. Moreover, they precursors bioactive apocarotenoids, such β-cyclocitral (β-cc), zaxinone (Zax), β-apo-11-carotenoids, plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) strigolactones (SLs; Fig. 1a), which regulate growth, development, stress response, biotic interactions (Ramel et al., 2012; Wang 2019; Moreno 2021b; Jia 2022). mammals, act vitamin A antioxidants, make them essential human diet. fact, deficiency (VAD) is still a severe global health problem major reason for blindness childhood mortality (Olson, 1996; Giuliano 2003; Zheng 2020). Therefore, enhancing carotenoid content, in particular provitamin carotenoids, has been one preferred targets genetic engineering, resulting biofortified cereals, fruits, tubers, including rice, tomato, potato. However, continuous increase food demand growing world population, accompanied climate change that negatively impacts agricultural production, makes it necessary to develop novel strategies simultaneous improvement tolerance, yield, nutritional value crops. Here, we briefly discuss how engineering LYCOPENE β-CYCLASE (LCYB) can be promising strategy crop beyond biofortification. After finding PHYTOENE SYNTHASE (PSY) rate-limiting enzyme pathway (Bird & Ray, 1991; Bramley 1992; Fray 1995), PSY became target dwarf phenotype observed upon constitutive overexpression tomato (Fray 1995) led exclusion promoters these kinds approaches. By contrast, tissue-specific started widely used (Shewmaker 1999; Ye 2000; Paine 2005; Diretto 2007). The further biosynthesis, converts lycopene into β-carotene or, combination with ε-cyclase (LCYE), α-carotene, dividing two branches (Fig. 1a). It was previously shown LCYB from plants or bacteria modifies content. Interestingly, growth developmental phenotypes were not reported any generated transgenic (Ronen D'Ambrosio 2004; Wurbs 2007; Apel Bock, 2009; Shi 2015). because β-carotene, ABA precursors, papers investigated content on its enhancement expression biosynthetic genes, is, ζ-Carotene Desaturase LCYB, tobacco, sweet Enhanced reflected physiological advantages, improved under high salt drought conditions, but normal conditions (Shi 2015; Li 2017; Kang 2018). Almost decade ago, study Daucus carota (carrot) showed first time gene might have positive impact conditions. This overexpressing silencing DcLCYB1 resulted bigger smaller carrot roots, respectively (Moreno 2013). Later work advantageous tobacco grown controlled 2016). Despite phenotypic changes, question remained open: does carotenogenic trigger phenotypes? answer lie role common precursor important molecules (ABA SLs), apocarotenoid regulators, β-cc Zax. These different functions photoprotection, architecture, tolerance. seems possible level their (β-carotene), also enhanced. increased negative effect (Busch 2002). discrepancy explained whole assumption caused redirection flux toward an other and, importantly, depletion geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) pool feeds biosynthesis gibberellins (GAs), chlorophylls tocopherols, besides carotenoids. Considering biological compounds, side effects expected. For instance, reduced GA lead phenotypes, case 1995; Busch induced genes (PSY), MEP (DXS), GGPP (GGPPS), (GA20ox KS), chlorophyll (CHL) pathways, GAs (GA1 GA4), chlorophylls, 1a,b) emergence series enhanced leaf area height, early flowering longer internodes, redesigning architecture. modification taller stems less leaves, transgene, together higher carotenoid, xanthophyll efficiency fluctuating light giving rise 23% 32% biomass seed 1c,d). addition, lines photoprotection tolerance salinity H2O2 2021a). may related upregulation transcription factors, bZIP12, NAC002, SCL14, GIF3, GRF1, involved Altogether, results suggest expressing control promoter positively influence physiology, simultaneously, LCYBs sources advantages (Mi Overexpression daffodil, bacterium Pantoea ananatis (formerly Erwinia uredovora) three cultivars changes hormone contents shoots leading partitioning, light, shelf life 2a,b) revealed specific ones depend origin overexpressed integration compartment gene, nucleus plastid. stronger profiles eightfold fruits (orange color; 2b), than bacterial Consistent increments, levels seven nonhydroxylated β-apocarotenoids, retinal recently identified root regulator (Dickinson 2021), between five- 50-fold. Besides having isoprenoid-derived ABA, GA, cytokinins, homeostasis auxins, jasmonic (JA), JA-Ile 2a), response. JA, JA-Ile, and/or IAA enhance Arabidopsis, white clover (Sharma 2013; Yoshida 2014; Kazan, Shani Hazman Zhang Although mechanisms underlying abiotic LCYB-overexpressing fully understood, at least abovementioned contribute primary metabolites triggered unexpected lines. An example fruit osmoprotectants, glucose, fructose, trehalose, myo-inositol, accumulation ornithine putrescine, together, extend (Perez-Vicente 2002; Valero 2019). summary, increasing beneficial modulating hormones, osmoprotectants 2020, 2021a; Kossler 2021; Mi being tool biofortification, composition alternative improving productivity resilience. We plead exploring this option crops, particularly cereals endosperm (which contains low pigments) yield would very interesting investigate tissues. Would activity roots (or β-cyclocitric acid)? affect content? give tolerance? And those rhizospheric interactions? Answering questions metabolic will significantly our knowledge formation crops security. thankful Dr Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion Yagiz Alagoz helpful comments. apologize colleagues whose could cited due space constraints. None declared. JCM took photographs, prepared figures, wrote manuscript SA-B edited provided feedback There no new data letter.

Язык: Английский

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The OsTIL1 lipocalin protects cell membranes from reactive oxygen species damage and maintains the 18:3‐containing glycerolipid biosynthesis under cold stress in rice

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117(1), С. 72 - 91

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

SUMMARY Lipocalins constitute a conserved protein family that binds to and transports variety of lipids while fatty acid desaturases (FADs) are required for maintaining the cell membrane fluidity under cold stress. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether plant lipocalins promote FADs integrity Here, we identified role OsTIL1 lipocalin in FADs‐mediated glycerolipid remodeling Overexpression CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene edition experiments demonstrated positively regulated stress tolerance by protecting from reactive oxygen species damage enhancing activities peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase, which was confirmed combined with rigidifier dimethyl sulfoxide or H 2 O scavenger thiourea. overexpression induced higher 18:3 content, 18:3/18:2 (18:2 + 18:3)/18:1 ratios than wild type whereas mutant showed opposite. Furthermore, lipidomic analysis led contents 18:3‐mediated glycerolipids, including galactolipids (monoglactosyldiacylglycerol digalactosyldiacylglycerol) phospholipids (phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl choline, ethanolamine, serine inositol) RNA‐seq enzyme linked immunosorbent assay analyses indicated enhanced transcription abundance four ω‐3 ( OsFAD3‐1/3‐2 , 7 8 ) These results reveal an important oxidative stress, providing good candidate improving rice.

Язык: Английский

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Root Breeding in the Post-Genomics Era: From Concept to Practice in Apple

Plants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(11), С. 1408 - 1408

Опубликована: Май 26, 2022

The development of rootstocks with a high-quality dwarf-type root system is popular research topic in the apple industry. However, precise breeding still challenging, mainly because buried deep underground, roots have complex life cycle, and on architecture has progressed slowly. This paper describes ideas for domestication wild resources application key genes. primary goal this to combine existing rootstock molecular summarize methods precision breeding. Here, we reviewed germplasm, genome, genetic available explain how might be used modern In particular, proposed ‘from genotype phenotype’ theory summarized difficulties future processes. Lastly, genetics governing diversity associated regulatory mechanisms were elaborated optimize rootstocks.

Язык: Английский

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