Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
variants
of
concern
(VOCs)
have
been
key
drivers
new
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic
waves.
To
better
understand
variant
epidemiologic
characteristics,
here
we
apply
a
model-inference
system
to
reconstruct
SARS-CoV-2
transmission
dynamics
in
South
Africa,
country
that
has
experienced
three
VOC
waves
(i.e.
Beta,
Delta,
and
Omicron
BA.1)
by
February
2022.
We
estimate
quantities
each
the
nine
African
provinces
during
March
2020
2022,
while
accounting
for
changing
detection
rates,
infection
seasonality,
nonpharmaceutical
interventions,
vaccination.
Model
validation
shows
estimated
underlying
rates
parameters
(e.g.
infection-detection
rate
infection-fatality
risk)
are
line
with
independent
epidemiological
data
investigations.
In
addition,
retrospective
predictions
capture
trajectories
beyond
model
training
period.
These
detailed,
validated
estimates
thus
enable
quantification
both
immune
erosion
potential
transmissibility
major
VOCs,
is,
BA.1.
findings
help
elucidate
COVID-19
inform
future
public
health
planning.
Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
377(6608), С. 890 - 894
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022
The
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
Omicron
variant
of
concern
comprises
several
sublineages,
with
BA.2
and
BA.2.12.1
having
replaced
the
previously
dominant
BA.1
BA.4
BA.5
increasing
in
prevalence
worldwide.
We
show
that
large
number
sublineage
spike
mutations
leads
to
enhanced
angiotensin-converting
enzyme
(ACE2)
binding,
reduced
fusogenicity,
dampening
plasma
neutralizing
activity
elicited
by
infection
or
seven
clinical
vaccines
relative
ancestral
virus.
Administration
a
homologous
heterologous
booster
based
on
Wuhan-Hu-1
sequence
markedly
increased
antibody
titers
breadth
against
BA.1,
BA.2,
BA.2.12.1,
BA.4,
across
all
evaluated.
Our
data
suggest
although
sublineages
evade
polyclonal
responses
primary
vaccine
series,
boosters
may
provide
sufficient
protection
Omicron-induced
disease.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
55(10), С. 2085 - 2096
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023
Abstract
Several
studies
have
utilized
a
lipid
nanoparticle
delivery
system
to
enhance
the
effectiveness
of
mRNA
therapeutics
and
vaccines.
However,
these
nanoparticles
are
recognized
as
foreign
materials
by
body
stimulate
innate
immunity,
which
in
turn
impacts
adaptive
immunity.
Therefore,
it
is
crucial
understand
specific
type
immune
response
triggered
nanoparticles.
This
article
provides
an
overview
immunological
body,
explores
how
activate
system,
examines
adverse
effects
immunogenicity-related
development
pathways
associated
with
Finally,
we
highlight
explore
strategies
for
regulating
immunogenicity
Cell Host & Microbe,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
32(3), С. 315 - 321.e3
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024
COVID-19
vaccines
have
recently
been
updated
to
specifically
encode
or
contain
the
spike
protein
of
SARS-CoV-2
XBB.1.5
subvariant,
but
their
immunogenicity
in
humans
has
yet
be
fully
evaluated
and
reported,
particularly
against
emergent
viruses
that
are
rapidly
expanding.
We
now
report
administration
an
monovalent
mRNA
vaccine
booster
(XBB.1.5
MV)
previously
uninfected
individuals
boosted
serum
virus-neutralizing
antibodies
significantly
not
only
(27.0-fold
increase)
EG.5.1
(27.6-fold
also
key
emerging
such
as
HV.1,
HK.3,
JD.1.1,
JN.1
(13.3-
27.4-fold
increase).
Individuals
infected
by
Omicron
subvariant
had
highest
overall
neutralizing
titers
(ID
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2023
Abstract
Human
diseases,
particularly
infectious
diseases
and
cancers,
pose
unprecedented
challenges
to
public
health
security
the
global
economy.
The
development
distribution
of
novel
prophylactic
therapeutic
vaccines
are
prioritized
countermeasures
human
disease.
Among
all
vaccine
platforms,
viral
vector
offer
distinguished
advantages
represent
prominent
choices
for
pathogens
that
have
hampered
control
efforts
based
on
conventional
approaches.
Currently,
remain
one
best
strategies
induction
robust
humoral
cellular
immunity
against
diseases.
Numerous
viruses
different
families
origins,
including
vesicular
stomatitis
virus,
rabies
parainfluenza
measles
Newcastle
disease
influenza
adenovirus
poxvirus,
deemed
be
vectors
differ
in
structural
characteristics,
design
strategy,
antigen
presentation
capability,
immunogenicity
protective
efficacy.
This
review
summarized
overall
profile
strategies,
progress
advance
steps
taken
address
barriers
deployment
these
vaccines,
simultaneously
highlighting
their
potential
mucosal
delivery,
application
cancer
as
well
other
key
aspects
concerning
rational
vaccines.
Appropriate
accurate
technological
advances
would
consolidate
position
a
leading
approach
accelerate
breakthroughs
facilitate
rapid
response
emergencies.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
219(10)
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2022
Rapid
recognition
of
SARS-CoV-2-infected
cells
by
resident
T
in
the
upper
airway
might
provide
an
important
layer
protection
against
COVID-19.
Whether
parenteral
SARS-CoV-2
vaccination
or
infection
induces
nasal-resident
specific
for
distinct
proteins
is
unknown.
We
isolated
from
nasal
mucosa
COVID-19
vaccinees
who
either
experienced
after
(n
=
34)
not
16)
and
analyzed
their
phenotype,
specificity,
function,
persistence.
Nasal-resident
SARS-CoV-2-specific
CD8+
CD4+
were
detected
almost
exclusively
breakthrough
infection.
Importantly,
Spike-specific
primed
did
suppress
induction
other
proteins.
The
cell
responses
persisted
≥140
d,
with
minimal
sign
waning.
These
data
highlight
importance
viral
challenge
formation
antiviral
immunity
at
site
primary
further
define
immunological
features
hybrid
immunity.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(709)
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023
An
inhalable
platform
for
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
therapeutics
would
enable
minimally
invasive
and
lung-targeted
delivery
a
host
of
pulmonary
diseases.
Development
mRNA
has
been
limited
by
poor
transfection
efficiency
risk
vehicle-induced
pathology.
Here,
we
report
an
polymer-based
vehicle
therapeutic
mRNAs
to
the
lung.
We
optimized
biodegradable
poly(amine-
co
-ester)
(PACE)
polyplexes
using
end-group
modifications
polyethylene
glycol.
These
achieved
high
throughout
lung,
particularly
in
epithelial
antigen-presenting
cells.
applied
this
technology
develop
mucosal
vaccine
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
found
that
intranasal
vaccination
with
spike
protein–encoding
induced
potent
cellular
humoral
adaptive
immunity
protected
susceptible
mice
from
lethal
viral
challenge.
Together,
these
results
demonstrate
translational
potential
PACE
lungs.
