Journal of Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
112(11), С. 2442 - 2450
Опубликована: Май 15, 2024
Abstract
Global
interest
and
investment
in
nature‐based
solutions
(NbS)
are
rapidly
increasing
because
of
the
potential
this
approach
to
concurrently
counter
biodiversity
loss,
provide
cost‐effective
measures
for
climate
change
adaptations,
maintain
natural
processes
that
underpin
human
health
wellbeing.
Recognition
is
growing
grasslands
many
regions
will
protect
carbon
stores
more
effectively
than
forests
warmer,
drier,
fire‐prone
conditions
future
while
also
serving
as
hotspots
biodiversity.
Yet
have
received
less
attention
their
NbS
potential.
Despite
wide‐ranging
goals
approach,
investments
focused
narrowly
on
using
plants
meet
pledges,
often
without
considering
plant
interactions
with
herbivores
abiotic
environment
jointly
control
ecosystem
functioning
success
solutions.
Here,
we
review
roles
large
small
vertebrate
invertebrate
play
ability
world's
solutions,
a
focus
wild
herbivore
impacts
storage.
Synthesis
.
Planning
holistic,
ecologically
informed
view
includes
role
interaction
allow
likely
achieve
successful,
sustainable
outcomes.
Earth system science data,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(11), С. 5227 - 5259
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023
Abstract.
Long-term
records
of
burned
area
are
needed
to
understand
wildfire
dynamics,
assess
fire
impacts
on
ecosystems
and
air
quality,
improve
forecasts.
Here,
we
fuse
multiple
streams
remote
sensing
data
create
a
24
year
(1997–2020)
dataset
monthly
as
component
the
fifth
version
Global
Fire
Emissions
Database
(GFED5).
During
2001–2020,
use
Moderate
Resolution
Imaging
Spectroradiometer
(MODIS)
MCD64A1
product
adjust
for
errors
commission
omission.
Adjustment
factors
estimated
based
region,
land
cover,
tree
cover
fraction,
using
spatiotemporally
aligned
from
Landsat
or
Sentinel-2.
Burned
in
croplands,
peatlands,
deforestation
regions
is
MODIS
active
detections.
Along-Track
Scanning
Radiometer
(ATSR)
Visible
Infrared
Scanner
(VIRS)
used
extend
time
series
back
1997.
The
global
annual
during
2001–2020
be
774
±
63
Mha
yr−1
5.9
0.5
%
ice-free
land.
declined
by
1.21
0.66
yr−1,
cumulative
decrease
24.2
13.2
over
20
years.
reduction
primarily
driven
fires
savannas,
grasslands,
croplands.
Forest,
peat,
did
not
exhibit
significant
long-term
trends.
GFED5
93
higher
than
MCD64A1,
61
GFED4s,
closer
agreement
with
products
higher-resolution
satellite
sensors.
These
may
reduce
discrepancies
between
emission
estimates
activity-based
atmospheric-based
approaches,
our
understanding
carbon
cycle
climate
system.
freely
accessible
at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7668423
(Chen
et
al.,
2023).
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(13)
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Deforestation
poses
a
global
threat
to
biodiversity
and
its
capacity
deliver
ecosystem
services.
Yet,
the
impacts
of
deforestation
on
soil
associated
services
remain
virtually
unknown.
We
generated
dataset
including
696
paired-site
observations
investigate
how
native
forest
conversion
other
land
uses
affects
properties,
biodiversity,
functions
with
delivery
multiple
The
forests
plantations,
grasslands,
croplands
resulted
in
higher
bacterial
diversity
more
homogeneous
fungal
communities
dominated
by
pathogens
lower
abundance
symbionts.
Such
conversions
also
significant
reductions
carbon
storage,
nutrient
cycling,
functional
rates
related
organic
matter
decomposition.
Responses
microbial
community
deforestation,
guilds,
were
predominantly
regulated
changes
pH
total
phosphorus.
Moreover,
we
found
that
functioning
warmer
wetter
is
especially
vulnerable
deforestation.
Our
work
highlights
loss
managed
ecosystems
major
soils
their
Fundamental Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
3(2), С. 209 - 218
Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2022
Grassland
is
one
of
the
largest
terrestrial
biomes,
providing
critical
ecosystem
services
such
as
food
production,
biodiversity
conservation,
and
climate
change
mitigation.
Global
land-use
intensification
have
been
causing
grassland
degradation
desertification
worldwide.
As
primary
medium
for
energy
flow
biogeochemical
cycling,
carbon
(C)
cycling
most
fundamental
process
maintaining
services.
In
this
review,
we
first
summarize
recent
advances
in
our
understanding
mechanisms
underpinning
spatial
temporal
patterns
C
cycle,
discuss
importance
grasslands
regulating
inter-
intra-annual
variations
global
fluxes,
explore
previously
unappreciated
complexity
abiotic
processes
controlling
balance,
including
soil
inorganic
accumulation,
photochemical
thermal
degradation,
wind
erosion.
We
also
how
changes
could
alter
balance
by
modifying
water
budget,
nutrient
additional
plant
processes.
Further,
examine
why
increasing
aridity
improper
land
use
may
induce
significant
losses
stocks.
Finally,
identify
several
priorities
future
research,
improving
strengthening
monitoring
dynamics
integrating
ground
inventory,
flux
monitoring,
modern
remote
sensing
techniques,
selecting
appropriate
species
combinations
with
suitable
traits
strong
resistance
to
fluctuations,
which
would
help
design
sustainable
restoration
strategies
a
changing
climate.
Abstract.
Long-term
records
of
burned
area
are
needed
to
understand
wildfire
dynamics,
assess
fire
impacts
on
ecosystems
and
air
quality,
improve
forecasts.
Here
we
fuse
multiple
streams
remote
sensing
data
create
a
24-year
(1997–2020)
dataset
monthly
as
component
the
5th
version
Global
Fire
Emissions
Database
(GFED5).
During
2001–2020,
use
Moderate
Resolution
Imaging
Spectroradiometer
(MODIS)
MCD64A1
product
correct
for
errors
commission
omission.
Adjustment
factors
estimated
based
region,
land
cover,
tree
cover
fraction,
using
spatiotemporally
aligned
from
Landsat
or
Sentinel-2.
Burned
in
cropland,
peatland,
deforestation
regions
is
MODIS
active
detections.
Along
Track
Scanning
Radiometer
(ATSR)
Visible
Infrared
Scanner
(VIRS)
used
extend
time
series
back
1997.
annual
be
774
±
63
Mha
yr−1
during
2001–2020
5.9
0.5
%
ice-free
land.
declined
by
1.21
0.66
yr−1,
cumulative
decrease
24.2
13.2
over
20
years.
The
global
reduction
primarily
driven
decreases
within
savannas,
grasslands,
croplands.
Forest,
peat,
fires
did
not
exhibit
long-term
trends.
GFED5
93
higher
than
MCD64A1,
61
GFED4s,
closer
agreement
with
products
higher-resolution
satellite
sensors.
These
may
reduce
discrepancies
between
emission
estimates
top-down
bottom-up
approaches,
understanding
carbon
cycle
climate
system.
Humanities and Social Sciences Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024
Abstract
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)-driven
language
models
(chatbots)
progressively
accelerate
the
collection
and
translation
of
environmental
evidence
that
could
be
used
to
inform
planetary
conservation
plans
strategies.
Yet,
consequences
chatbot-generated
content
have
never
been
globally
assessed.
Drawing
on
distributive,
recognition,
procedural,
epistemic
dimensions
justice,
we
interviewed
analysed
30,000
responses
from
ChatGPT
ecological
restoration
expertise,
stakeholder
engagements,
techniques.
Our
results
show
more
than
two-thirds
chatbot’s
answers
rely
expertise
male
academics
working
at
universities
in
United
States,
while
largely
ignoring
low-
lower-middle-income
countries
(7%)
Indigenous
community
experiences
(2%).
A
focus
planting
reforestation
techniques
(69%)
underpins
optimistic
outcomes
(60%),
neglecting
holistic
technical
approaches
consider
non-forest
ecosystems
(25%)
non-tree
species
(8%).
This
analysis
highlights
how
biases
AI-driven
knowledge
production
can
reinforce
Western
science,
overlooking
diverse
sources
perspectives
regarding
research
practices.
In
fast-paced
domain
generative
AI,
safeguard
mechanisms
are
needed
ensure
these
expanding
chatbot
developments
incorporate
just
principles
addressing
pace
scale
worldwide
crisis.
SOIL,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(2), С. 441 - 450
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024
Abstract.
Particulate
organic
carbon
(POC)
and
mineral-associated
(MAOC),
which
are
two
primary
components
of
the
soil
(C)
reservoir,
have
different
physical
chemical
properties
as
well
biochemical
turnover
rates.
Microbial
necromass
entombment
is
a
mechanism
for
MAOC
formation
from
fast-decaying
plant
substrates,
whereas
POC
typically
considered
product
structural
litter
via
fragmentation.
However,
emerging
evidence
shows
that
microbial
by-products
derived
labile
C
substrates
can
enter
pool.
To
date,
it
still
unclear
to
what
extent
dissolved
pool
how
affects
subsequent
long-term
(SOC)
storage.
Our
study
here,
through
13C-labeling
experiment
in
10
soils
5
grassland
sites
modeling
analysis,
showed
up
12.29
%
isotope-labeled
glucose
(i.e.,
C)
was
detected
In
addition,
glucose-derived
correlated
with
13C-MBC
(microbial
biomass
carbon)
fraction
clay
silt,
suggesting
flow
dependent
on
interactions
between
processes.
The
analysis
ignoring
MBC
significantly
underestimated
sequestration
by
53.52
across
soils.
results
emphasize
mineral-regulated
process,
besides
residues,
significant
contributor
POC,
acting
vital
component
SOC
dynamics.
Restoration Ecology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
31(5)
Опубликована: Май 11, 2023
In
times
of
unprecedented
climate
change,
ecological
restoration
efforts
have
a
strong
focus
on
forests
for
the
purpose
carbon
sequestration.
Grasslands,
in
contrast,
remain
relatively
neglected
global
policies.
Concurrently,
we
are
midst
biodiversity
crisis—it
is
estimated
that
1
million
species
globally
threatened
with
extinction.
Here,
present
analyses
from
central
Europe
and
southern
Brazil
show
majority
our
endangered
plant
fact
found
open
ecosystems.
Using
Germany
as
an
example,
could
reduce
extinction
risk
by
up
to
82%
if
restore
open,
grassy
This
also
holds
true
Brazil,
where
grassland
constitute
single
largest
share
species,
but
ecosystems
continue
be
systematically
We
further
expand
argument
include
role
can
play
mitigating
change.
posit
ramping
may
not
only
best
bet
bend
curve
loss,
it
will
make
critical
contribution
resilience
dynamic
decades
come.
It
time
receive
higher
priority
policy.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
242(2), С. 727 - 743
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023
Poales
are
one
of
the
most
species-rich,
ecologically
and
economically
important
orders
plants
often
characterise
open
habitats,
enabled
by
unique
suites
traits.
We
test
six
hypotheses
regarding
evolution
assembly
in
closed
habitats
throughout
world,
examine
whether
diversification
patterns
demonstrate
parallel
evolution.
sampled
42%
species
obtained
taxonomic
biogeographic
data
from
World
Checklist
Vascular
Plants
database,
which
was
combined
with
open/closed
habitat
scored
experts.
A
dated
supertree
constructed.
integrated
spatial
phylogenetics
regionalisation
analyses,
historical
biogeography
ancestral
state
estimations.
Diversification
result
dynamic
evolutionary
processes
that
vary
across
lineages,
time
space,
prominently
tropical
southern
latitudes.
Our
results
reveal
recurrent
trait
transitions
species-rich
families
Poaceae
Cyperaceae.
Smaller
display
divergent
trajectories.
The
have
achieved
global
dominance
via
notable,
spatially
phylogenetically
restricted
divergences
into
strictly
habitats.