Ad Hoc Networks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 173, С. 103815 - 103815
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Язык: Английский
Fuel, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 351, С. 128913 - 128913
Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
110
The Lancet Global Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. e306 - e316
Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023
The reduction of maternal mortality and the promotion health wellbeing are complex tasks. This Series paper analyses distal proximal determinants health, as well exposures, risk factors, micro-correlates related to mortality. also examines relationship between these gradual shift over time from a pattern high low (a phenomenon described transition). We conducted two systematic reviews literature we analysed publicly available data on indicators Sustainable Development Goals, specifically, estimates prepared by international organisations, including UN World Bank. considered 23 frameworks depicting multifactorial process, with superdeterminants that broadly affect women's before, during, after pregnancy. explore role social individual characteristics, health-system features in production wellbeing. argues preventable deaths millions women each decade not solely due biomedical complications pregnancy, childbirth, postnatal period, but tangible manifestations prevailing persistent inequities global socioeconomic development. underscores need for broader, multipronged actions improve accelerate sustainable reductions For who have or postpartum complications, system provides crucial opportunity interrupt chain events can potentially end death. Ultimately, expanding sector ecosystem mitigate tailoring configuration systems counter detrimental effects eco-social forces, though increased access quality-assured commodities services, essential reduce
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
82
Journal of International Business Studies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract Climate change and the associated issue of curbing carbon emissions have risen on agenda policymakers worldwide. However, global coordination matters such as harmonized regulation has been subject to significant political frictions, large intergovernmental transfers needed finance transition developing economies proven hard raise. Recently, there considerable responses climate from private sector, with stakeholders placing more pressure firms, financial markets mobilizing increasingly capital towards reduction negative externalities. We argue that although multinational enterprises (MNEs) a major contributor problem, they can be an important part solution – unique features enable them play role in fight against change. MNEs extensive efficient internal for governance, financing, technology, which circumvent country-specific frictions action heterogeneous regulation, corruption, lack technology. analyze how different public incentive mechanisms could designed leverage MNEs’ features, realign their incentives, engage potential decarbonizing economy. Lastly, we discuss challenges, opportunities, future research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(6)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Recent international agreements have strengthened and expanded commitments to protect restore native habitats for biodiversity protection ("area-based conservation"). Nevertheless, conservation is hindered because how such should be implemented has been strongly debated, which can lead suboptimal habitat decisions. We argue that, despite the debates, there are three essential principles area-based conservation. These related geographic coverage, amount, connectivity. They emerge from evidence while large areas of nature important must protected, or restoration multiple small patches also critical global conservation, particularly in regions with high land use. contend that many initiatives expected coming decades follow we identify, regardless ongoing debates. Considering importance maintenance ecosystem services, suggest this would bring widespread societal benefits.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(7), С. e28851 - e28851
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
Microplastics (MPs) have been identified as a major potential threat to the biota and human health. Despite exponential increase in MP research worldwide, few studies focused on extensive Amazon biome. To assess priorities, present study reviewed summarized available scientific knowledge MPs Amazon, addition analyzing population waste-management data, evaluate sources of hydrographic system. Poor sanitation conditions are main source for vast basin, and, consequently, adjacent ocean. Secondary predominated, mostly fibers (96% debris), composed polyamide (32%). Mean concentrations ranged from 0.34 38.3 particles.individual−1 biota, 5 476,000 particles.m−3 water, 492.5 1.30848 × 107 sediment, values close comparison with those found areas profoundly affected by anthropogenic pollution. were widespread range Amazonian environments species, negative effects probably occurring at various ecological levels. However, limited research, methodological constraints, flaws lack standardization, combined continental dimensions hampers collection fundamental needed reliably impacts implement effective mitigation measures. There is an urgent need expand data region, improving local infrastructure, training deploying researchers.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Acta Amazonica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 54(spe1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT Amazonia (defined herein as the Amazon basin) is home to greatest concentration of biodiversity on Earth, providing unique genetic resources and ecological functions that contribute ecosystem services globally. The lengthy complex evolutionary history this region has produced heterogeneous landscapes riverscapes at multiple scales, altered geographic connections among populations, impacted rates adaptation, speciation, extinction. In turn, ecologically diverse Amazonian biotas promoted further diversification, species coexistence, coevolution, with accumulating over tens millions years. Important events in included: (i) late Cretaceous early Paleogene origin major rainforest plant animal groups; (ii) Eocene-Oligocene global cooling rainforests contracting tropical latitudes separating Atlantic coastal rainforests; (iii) Miocene uplift central northern Andes separated Pacific rainforests, spurred formation mega-wetlands western Amazon, contributed modern transcontinental River; (iv) Neogene Panamanian Isthmus facilitated Great American Biotic Interchange; (v) Pleistocene climate oscillations followed by Pleistocene-Holocene human colonization megafaunal extinctions; (vi) era widespread anthropogenic deforestation, defaunation, transformations regional climates. conservation requires decade-scale investments into documentation monitoring leverage existing scientific capacity, strategic habitat planning allow continuity processes now future.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Communications Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024
Abstract The Amazon is the largest continuous tropical forest in world and plays a key role global carbon cycle. Human-induced disturbances climate change have impacted balance. Here we conduct comprehensive synthesis of existing state-of-the-art estimates contemporary land fluxes using set bottom-up methods (i.e., dynamic vegetation models bookkeeping models) top-down inversion (atmospheric model) over Brazilian whole Biogeographical domain. Over biogeographical region methodologies suggest small average sink 2010-2020, contrast to source simulated by (2010-2018). However, these are not significantly different from one another when accounting for their large individual uncertainties, highlighting remaining knowledge gaps, urgent need reduce such uncertainties. Nevertheless, both agreed that has been net during recent extremes south-eastern was study period (2010-2020). Overall, our results point increasing human-induced (deforestation degradation wildfires) reduction old-growth drought.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
The rich biodiversity of Amazonia is shaped geographically and ecologically by its rivers their cycles seasonal flooding. Anthropogenic effects, such as deforestation, infrastructure development extreme climatic events, threaten the ecological processes sustaining Amazonian ecosystems. In this Review, we explore coupled evolution associated with terrestrial seasonally flooded environments, integrating geological, climatic, genetic evidence. fluvial environments are highly heterogeneous, drainage system historically dynamic continually evolving; a result, discharge, sediment load strength barriers to biotic dispersal has changed through time. Ecological affinities taxa, rearrangements variations in riverine landscape caused past climate changes have mediated high diversity found modern-day Amazonia. connected history region's provides fundamental information for mitigating current future impacts. However, incomplete knowledge about species taxonomy, distributions, habitat use, interactions occurrence patterns limits our understanding. Partnerships Indigenous peoples local communities, who close ties land natural resources, key improving generation dissemination, enabling better impact assessments, monitoring management systems at risk from evolving pressures. features biodiverse range organisms habitats. This Review explores geological characteristics role shaping region.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
CATENA, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 250, С. 108730 - 108730
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 387(6738)
Опубликована: Март 6, 2025
Understanding the capacity of forests to adapt climate change is pivotal importance for conservation science, yet this still widely unknown. This knowledge gap particularly acute in high-biodiversity tropical forests. Here, we examined how Americas have shifted community trait composition recent decades as a response changes climate. Based on historical trait-climate relationships, found that, overall, studied functional traits show shifts less than 8% what would be expected given observed However, recruit assemblage shows 21% relative expectation. The most diverse Earth are changing but at rate that fundamentally insufficient track change.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1