The distribution of global tidal marshes from earth observation data

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 28, 2023

ABSTRACT Aim Tidal marsh ecosystems are heavily impacted by human activities, highlighting a pressing need to address gaps in our knowledge of their distribution. To better understand the global distribution and changes tidal extent, identify opportunities for conservation restoration, it is critical develop spatial base occurrence. Here, we globally consistent map year 2020 at 10-m resolution. Location Global Time period Major taxa studied marshes Methods location world’s applied random forest classification model earth observation data from 2020. We trained with reference dataset developed support mapping coastal ecosystems, predicted between 60°N 60°S. validated using standard accuracy assessment methods, final having an overall score 0.852. Results estimate extent be 52,880 km 2 (95% CI: 32,030 59,780 ) distributed across 120 countries territories. centred temperate Arctic regions, nearly half occurring Northern Atlantic (45%) region. At national scale, over third (18,510 ; 11,200 – 20,900) occurs within USA. Main conclusions Our analysis provides most detailed on date shows that occur more greater proportion coastline than previous studies. fills major gap regarding baseline needed measuring estimating value terms ecosystem services

Язык: Английский

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Above- and Belowground Biomass Carbon Stock and Net Primary Productivity Maps for Tidal Herbaceous Marshes of the United States

Remote Sensing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(6), С. 1697 - 1697

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Accurate assessments of greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration in natural ecosystems are necessary to develop climate mitigation strategies. Regional national-level require high-resolution data be available for large areas, increasing the need remote sensing products that quantify stocks fluxes. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides guidelines how flux using land cover change biomass stock information. Net primary productivity (NPP), uptake, storage vegetation, can also used model net export from an ecosystem (net balance). While NPP map terrestrial available, there currently no conterminous United States (CONUS) or maps tidal herbaceous marshes. In this study, we peak soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) values, derived Landsat 8 composites, five other indices, plus a categorical variable CONUS region (Pacific Northwest, California, Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, South Atlantic-Gulf, Everglades), spatially explicit aboveground marshes (i.e., palustrine estuarine marshes) first time. Tidal marsh conversion factors, root-to-shoot ratios, turnover rates, were compiled literature convert total (above- belowground) NPP. An extensive search rates produced sparse values; therefore, informed assumption rate one crop per year all Due lack data, is identical map. reality, it probable varies by region, given seasonal length differences; however, best information This study identifies gaps scientific knowledge, support future studies addressing data. Across CONUS, average was 848 g C m−2 (871 838 marshes), based median 1, expected mean annual similar (e.g., y−1). Peak lowest Florida Everglades highest California regions. These fine-scale national wetlands, spanning CONUS. estimates regional- national-scale emissions, as well resource management coastal part nature-based solution efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerating Elevation Gain Indicates Land Loss Associated with Erosion in Mississippi River Deltaic Plain Tidal Wetlands

Estuaries and Coasts, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(7), С. 2106 - 2118

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Abstract In recent years, the Mississippi River Deltaic Plain (MRDP) has experienced highest rates of wetland loss in USA. Although process vertical drowning been heavily studied coastal wetlands, less is known about relationship between elevation change and land wetlands that are experiencing lateral erosion contribution to MRDP. We quantified relationships ten submerging tidal found that, despite significant loss, trajectories seven study sites were positive. Furthermore, we observed an acceleration gain preceding conversion from vegetated marsh open water. To identify regional contributions 159 Approximately half persistently losing land, 82% these vulnerable erosion, identifying as a dominant mechanism this region. Notably, while also gaining elevation, with exhibited accelerating gain. Together, data illustrate (1) MRDP, (2) accelerated indicator (3) consideration within context critical for providing accurate vulnerability assessments.

Язык: Английский

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Elevation-based probabilistic mapping of irregularly flooded wetlands along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast

Remote Sensing of Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 287, С. 113451 - 113451

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Epochal turns: Uncomfortable insights, uncertain outlooks

Sustainable Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(4), С. 2347 - 2362

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Abstract The perfect storm of converging political, security, environmental and social crises enforces an epochal turn. Necessarily increasing defensive expenditures for health climate damage compensation combine with adaptation increased security spending to drive already sluggish economic growth rates into negative territory. result will by accelerating degrowth, end just‐in‐time production concepts, higher resource cost, new dependencies on metal exporters (some them as nasty Putin's Russia), decreasing median incomes. Without significant U‐turns tax distribution policies, funds be lacking address the challenges. Rather than promising easy ways out crises, stopping drivers, focussing well‐being instead growth, exploring a dignified life within need political priorities.

Язык: Английский

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