An amygdala-cortical circuit for encoding generalized fear memories.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Abstract Generalized learning is a fundamental process observed across species, contexts, and sensory modalities that enables animals to use past experiences adapt changing conditions. Evidence suggests the prefrontal cortex (PFC) extracts general features of an experience can be used multiple situations. The anterior cingulate (ACC), region PFC, implicated in generalized fear responses novel contexts. However, ACC’s role encoding contextual information poorly understood, especially under increased threat intensity promotes generalization. Here, we show synaptic plasticity within ACC signaling from amygdala inputs during are necessary for encountered did not encode specific training context, suggesting this threatening rather than information. Together with our previous work, results demonstrate about contexts encoded, part, ascending amygdala-cortical circuit, whereas descending projections drive exposure Our further schematic occur PFC after single-trial learning, typically attributed over many repeated episodes.

Язык: Английский

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Early-life stress induces persistent astrocyte dysfunction associated with fear generalisation

eLife, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Early-life stress can have lifelong consequences, enhancing susceptibility and resulting in behavioural cognitive deficits. While the effects of early-life on neuronal function been well-described, we still know very little about contribution non-neuronal brain cells. Investigating complex interactions between distinct cell types is critical to fully understand how cellular changes manifest as deficits following stress. Here, using male female mice report that induces anxiety-like behaviour fear generalisation an amygdala-dependent learning memory task. These were associated with impaired synaptic plasticity, increased neural excitability, astrocyte hypofunction. Genetic perturbation amygdala by either reducing calcium activity or network was sufficient replicate cellular, synaptic, Our data reveal a role astrocytes tuning emotionally salient provide mechanistic links stress, hypofunction,

Язык: Английский

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Inactivation of the CMAH gene and deficiency of Neu5Gc play a role in human brain evolution

Inflammation and Regeneration, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 45(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025

During human evolution, some genes were lost or silenced from the genome of hominins. These missing might be key to evolution humans' unique cognitive skills. An inactivation mutation in CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) was result natural selection. The CMAH protected our ancestors pathogens and reduced level N-glycolylneuraminic (Neu5Gc) brain tissue. Interestingly, low Neu5Gc promoted development tissue, which may have played a role evolution. As xenoantigen, been involved by affecting neural conduction, neuronal development, aging.

Язык: Английский

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Selenium deficiency impedes maturation of parvalbumin interneurons, perineuronal nets, and neural network activity

Redox Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 103548 - 103548

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Developmental changes in brain-wide fear memory networks

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 108037 - 108037

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Memory retrieval involves coordinated activity across multiple brain regions. Yet how the organization of memory networks evolves throughout development remains poorly understood. In this study, we compared whole-brain functional that are active during contextual fear recall in infant, juvenile, and adult mice. Our analyses revealed long-term change significantly postnatal development. Infant dense heterogeneous, whereas sparse have a small-world topology. While hippocampal subregions were highly connected nodes at all ages, cortex gained many connections Different matured different rates, but their developmental timing fell into three major categories: stepwise between two linear or inverted-U, with elevated connectivity juveniles. work highlights subset regions likely maintain important roles encoding, undergoes significant reorganization Together, these results provide blueprint for studying correlated cellular key areas distinctly regulates storage

Язык: Английский

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