The Transmitter, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Neuron, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 112(13), С. 2091 - 2111
Опубликована: Май 15, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Development, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 151(4)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
ABSTRACT The generation of neurons in the developing neocortex is a major determinant size. Crucially, increase cortical neuron numbers primate lineage, notably upper-layer neurons, contributes to increased cognitive abilities. Here, we review evolutionary changes affecting apical progenitors ventricular zone and focus on key germinal constituting foundation neocortical neurogenesis primates, outer subventricular (OSVZ). We summarize characteristic features OSVZ its stem cell type, basal (or outer) radial glia. Next, concentrate primate-specific human-specific genes, expressed OSVZ-progenitors, ability which amplify these by targeting regulation cycle ultimately underlies neurons. Finally, address likely differences development between present-day humans Neanderthals that are based amino acid substitutions proteins operating progenitors.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(13)
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
The molecular basis for cortical expansion during evolution remains largely unknown. Here, we report that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling promotes the self-renewal and of radial glial (RG) cells. Furthermore, FGF-ERK induces bone morphogenic protein 7 ( Bmp7 ) expression in RG cells, which increases length neurogenic period. We demonstrate ERK Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) mutually inhibit each other provide evidence is elevated cells development evolution. propose mammalian cortex, notably human, driven by ERK-BMP7-GLI3R pathway participates a positive feedback loop through antagonizing SHH signaling. also relatively short period mice partly due to mouse receiving higher antagonizes
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024
Humans evolved an extraordinarily expanded and complex cerebral cortex, associated with developmental gene regulatory modifications
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
National Science Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(8)
Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is essential for higher-level cognitive functions. How epigenetic dynamics participates in PFC development and aging largely unknown. Here, we profiled epigenomic landscapes of rhesus monkey PFCs from prenatal to stages. chromatin states, including higher-order structure, interaction histone modifications are coordinated regulate stage-specific gene transcription, participating distinct processes neurodevelopment. Dramatic changes signals occur around the birth stage. Notably, genes involved neuronal cell differentiation layer specification pre-configured by bivalent promoters. We identified a cis-regulatory module transcription factors (TFs) associated with basal radial glia development, which was large brain size primates. These TFs include GLI3, CREB5 SOX9. Interestingly, (bRG)-associated cis-element module, such as SRY SOX9, enriched sex differentiation. Schizophrenia-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms more super enhancers (SEs) than typical enhancers, suggesting that SEs play an important role neural network wiring. A element DBN1 identified, critical proliferation synaptic neuron loss distal H3K27me3 signal hallmarks aging, abnormal expression aging-related transposon activation, respectively. Collectively, our findings shed light on mechanisms underlying primate aging.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Cortical interneurons generated from ganglionic eminence via a long-distance journey of tangential migration display evident cellular and molecular differences across brain regions, which seeds the heterogeneous cortical circuitry in primates. However, whether such regional specifications are intrinsically encoded or gained through interactions with local milieu remains elusive. Here, we recruit 685,692 cerebral cortex subcortex including within developing human macaque species. Our integrative comparative analyses reveal that less transcriptomic alteration is accompanied by interneuron subdivisions, contrast to dramatic changes observed migration, mostly characterize specification for different destinations species divergence. Moreover, in-depth survey temporal regulation illustrates developmental dynamics cell types, e.g., employment CRH primate during late-fetal stage distinguishes their postnatal emergence mice, our entropy quantifications manifest diversities gradually increase along ages cortices. Overall, depict spatiotemporal features appended interneurons, providing new proxy understanding relationship between diversity functional progression. How gain Here authors telencephalons humans macaques shared distinct programs regulating arealization interneurons.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to acute tissue damage that disrupts the microenvironmental homeostasis of spinal cord, inhibiting cell survival and function, thereby undermining treatment efficacy. Traditional stem therapies have limited success in SCI, due difficulties maintaining inducing sustained differentiation into neural lineages. A new solution may arise from controlling fate cells by creating an appropriate mechanical microenvironment. In this study, response complex (MRSCC) is created as innovative therapeutic strategy for utilizing 3D bioprinting technology gelatin microcarriers (GM) loaded with mesenchymal (MSCs). GM creates optimal microenvironment MSCs growth paracrine activity. Meanwhile, allows accurate control spatial pore architecture characteristics construct encourage neuroregeneration. The MRSCC found activate Piezo1 channel prevent excessive nuclear translocation YAP, increasing neural‐related gene expression MSCs. Transplanting rats injuries boosts sensory motor recovery, reduces inflammation, stimulates regeneration neurons glial cells. offers a engineering can promote repair.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2025
ABSTRACT Objective We have established a comprehensive sample handling protocol designed for the multiscale assessment of epileptogenic tissue. This aims to identify novel therapeutic targets and enhance diagnosis stratification patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, thereby optimizing their treatment anti-seizure medications surgical interventions. Methods Patients focal recommended treatment, are recruited after detailed multidisciplinary preoperative evaluation at Epilepsy Center Kuopio University Hospital in Finland. A day before resective surgery, undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including advanced methodologies. During each piece resected tissue is placed under oxygenation on ice-cold artificial cerebral spinal fluid-solution. The pieces then immediately transported laboratory, assessed by neuropathologist, sliced both clinical research. Two adjacent slices provided research sent Eastern Results developed provides opportunity characterization from same patient using emerging imaging, electrophysiology, molecular biology technologies. optimized conditions preserving alive electrophysiological measurements simultaneously making possible ex vivo studies multi-omics acquisition, electron microscopy, histology, MRI. Our enables mapping functional readouts structural alterations human goal integrate multimodal data co-register tissues within whole brain’s MRI space. approach localization zones refine identifying abnormalities global connectivity patterns. Significance successfully systematic collection analysis data. elucidate structural, functional, characteristics that render epileptogenic, enhancing subsequent care epilepsy. Key points Introducing assess epileptogenicity levels. integrating technology properties obtain patient-specific Correlation predict pathology
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Neuroscience Bulletin, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024
Abstract Human’s robust cognitive abilities, including creativity and language, are made possible, at least in large part, by evolutionary changes to the cerebral cortex. This paper reviews biology evolution of mammalian cortical radial glial cells (primary neural stem cells) introduces concept that a genetically step wise process, based on core molecular pathway already use, is process has molded neurogenesis. The mechanism, which been identified our recent studies, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7)-GLI3 repressor form (GLI3R)-sonic hedgehog (SHH) positive feedback loop. Additionally, I propose basis for dwarfism, exemplified lissencephalic mouse originated from larger gyrencephalic ancestor, an increase SHH signaling glia, antagonizes ERK-BMP7 signaling. Finally, that: (1) not key regulator primate expansion folding; (2) human do generate neocortical interneurons; (3) human-specific genes may be essential most expansion. hope this review assists colleagues field, guiding research address gaps understanding development evolution.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
Mammalian brains vary in size, structure, and function, but the extent to which evolutionarily novel cell types contribute this variation remains unresolved. Recent studies suggest there is a primate-specific population of striatal inhibitory interneurons, TAC3 interneurons5. However, has not yet been detailed analysis spatial phylogenetic distribution population. Here, we profile single gene expression developing pig (an ungulate) ferret (a carnivore), representing 94 million years divergence from primates, assign newborn neurons initial classes first specified during development. We find that class interneurons represents an ancestral also deployed towards cortex ferret. In adult mouse, uncover rare expressing Tac2, ortholog TAC3, ventromedial striatum, prompting reexamination mouse interneuron by targeted enrichment their precursors. conclude conserved across Boreoeutherian mammals, with Th subset expresses Tac2. This study suggests telencephalic are largely evolution, neuronal mammalian brain change through redistribution fate refinement, rather than derivation precursors early
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3