Neurons for infant social behaviors in the mouse zona incerta
Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
385(6707), С. 409 - 416
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2024
Understanding
the
neural
basis
of
infant
social
behaviors
is
crucial
for
elucidating
mechanisms
early
and
emotional
development.
In
this
work,
we
report
a
specific
population
somatostatin-expressing
neurons
in
zona
incerta
(ZI
Язык: Английский
Translaminar synchronous neuronal activity is required for columnar synaptic strengthening in the mouse neocortex
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Synchronous
neuronal
activity
is
a
hallmark
of
the
developing
mouse
primary
somatosensory
cortex.
While
patterns
synchronous
in
cortical
layer
2/3
have
been
well
described,
source
robust
still
unknown.
Using
novel
microprism
preparation
and
vivo
2-photon
imaging
neonatal
mice,
we
show
that
organized
barrel
columns
across
layers.
Monosynaptic
rabies
tracing
slice
electrophysiology
experiments
reveal
pyramidal
neurons
receive
significant
5
inputs
during
first
postnatal
week,
silencing
synaptic
outputs
results
reduction
spontaneous
activity,
abnormal
sensory-evoked
disrupted
4-layer
connectivity.
Our
demonstrate
translaminar
5-layer
connectivity
plays
an
important
role
synchronizing
column
to
ensure
strengthening
connections,
supporting
formation
canonical
organization
Язык: Английский
Elexacaftor–Tezacaftor–Ivacaftor Improves Sinonasal Outcomes in Young Children With Cystic Fibrosis
International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 2, 2025
ABSTRACT
Background
Severe
chronic
rhinosinusitis
(CRS)
is
a
near
universal
manifestation
of
cystic
fibrosis.
Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor
(ETI)
an
oral,
small
molecule,
highly
effective
Cystic
Fibrosis
Transmembrane
Conductance
Regulator
(CFTR)
corrector–potentiator
drug.
In
people
with
fibrosis
age
>
12
years,
ETI
improves
sinonasal
symptoms,
endoscopy
findings,
polyp
size,
and
radiologic
findings.
This
study
evaluates
changes
in
CRS
children
ages
6–12
years
newly
started
on
ETI.
Methods
was
prospective,
three
center,
pre–post
11
6–11
Study
endpoints
included
the
SN‐5
health
survey,
Sniffin’
Kids
olfaction
test,
sinus
computerized
tomography
(CT)
scan,
nasal
mucus
sampling
for
full‐length
16S
rRNA
sequencing
microbiome
analysis.
visits
were
conducted
before
at
median
9
months
after
treatment
initiation.
Results
lead
to
improvement
scores
findings
CRS.
Olfaction
below
normal
baseline
did
not
improve.
The
dominated
by
typically
commensal
organisms
most
participants.
Additionally,
Staphylococcus
aureus
found
five
participants
six
treatment.
Conclusions
symptoms
age.
improve
this
group,
suggesting
that
olfactory
dysfunction
associated
CF
established
early
life.
younger
cohort
pediatric
patients
presented
abundant
only
very
rare
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
or
Язык: Английский
Soft Materials and Devices Enabling Sensorimotor Functions in Soft Robots
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 31, 2025
Sensorimotor
functions,
the
seamless
integration
of
sensing,
decision-making,
and
actuation,
are
fundamental
for
robots
to
interact
with
their
environments.
Inspired
by
biological
systems,
incorporation
soft
materials
devices
into
robotics
holds
significant
promise
enhancing
these
functions.
However,
current
systems
often
lack
autonomy
intelligence
observed
in
nature
due
limited
sensorimotor
integration,
particularly
flexible
sensing
actuation.
As
field
progresses
toward
soft,
flexible,
stretchable
materials,
developing
such
becomes
increasingly
critical
advanced
robotics.
Despite
rapid
advancements
individually
devices,
combined
applications
enable
capabilities
emerging.
This
review
addresses
this
emerging
providing
a
comprehensive
overview
that
functions
robots.
We
delve
latest
development
technologies,
actuation
mechanism,
structural
designs,
fabrication
techniques.
Additionally,
we
explore
strategies
control,
artificial
(AI),
practical
application
across
various
domains
as
healthcare,
augmented
virtual
reality,
exploration.
By
drawing
parallels
aims
guide
future
research
robots,
ultimately
adaptability
unstructured
Язык: Английский
Early-life maturation of the somatosensory cortex: sensory experience and beyond
Frontiers in Neural Circuits,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024
Early
life
experiences
shape
physical
and
behavioral
outcomes
throughout
lifetime.
Sensory
circuits
are
especially
susceptible
to
environmental
physiological
changes
during
development.
However,
the
impact
of
different
types
early
experience
often
evaluated
in
isolation.
In
this
mini
review,
we
discuss
specific
effects
postnatal
sensory
experience,
sleep,
social
isolation,
substance
exposure
on
barrel
cortex
Considering
these
concurrent
factors
will
improve
understanding
etiology
atypical
perception
many
neuropsychiatric
neurodevelopmental
disorders.
Язык: Английский
More Than a Small Brain: The Importance of Studying Neural Function during Development
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
44(48), С. e1367242024 - e1367242024
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
The
nervous
system
contains
complex
circuits
comprising
thousands
of
cell
types
and
trillions
connections.
Here,
we
discuss
how
the
field
“developmental
systems
neuroscience”
combines
molecular
genetic
perspectives
developmental
neuroscience
with
(typically
adult-focused)
functional
perspective
neuroscience.
This
combination
approaches
is
critical
to
understanding
a
handful
cells
eventually
produce
wide
range
behaviors
necessary
for
survival.
Functional
circuit
development
typically
lags
behind
neural
connectivity,
leading
intermediate
stages
activity
that
are
either
not
seen
in
adults
or,
if
present,
considered
pathophysiological.
Developmental
examines
these
activity,
mapping
out
phases
inflection
points
function
understand
behavior
emerge
across
development.
Beyond
typical
development,
this
approach
provides
invaluable
insight
into
pathophysiology
neurodevelopmental
disorders
by
identifying
when
diverges
between
health
disease.
We
argue
will
identify
important
periods
reveal
novel
therapeutic
windows
treatment,
set
stage
answer
fundamental
questions
about
brain
Язык: Английский
Hebbian Optocontrol of Cross-Modal Disruptive Reading in Increasing Acoustic Noise in an Adult with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Case Report
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(12), С. 1208 - 1208
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
Acoustic
noise
is
known
to
perturb
reading
for
good
readers,
including
children
and
adults.
This
external
acoustic
interfering
at
the
multimodal
areas
in
brain
causes
difficulties
reducing
writing
performances.
Moreover,
it
that
people
with
developmental
coordination
disorder
(DCD)
dyslexia
have
deficits
even
absence
of
noise.
The
goal
this
study
investigate
effects
additional
on
an
adult
DCD
dyslexia.
Indeed,
as
vision
main
source
information
during
reading,
a
noisy
internal
visual
crowding
has
been
observed
many
cases
readers
dyslexia,
mirror
or
duplicated
images
words
are
perceived
by
these
observers,
simultaneously
primary
images.
Here,
we
show
when
increasing
superimposed,
disruptive
threshold
about
50
60
dBa
reached,
depending
type
young
but
not
control.
More
interestingly,
report
can
be
controlled
Hebbian
mechanisms
linked
pulse-modulated
lighting
erases
confusing
An
improvement
12
then
two
types
noises,
showing
potential
utility
optocontrol
managing
adults
Язык: Английский