Review of the Applications of Micro/Nanorobots in Biomedicine

ACS Applied Nano Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(15), С. 17151 - 17192

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

The advancement of precision medicine in modern biomedicine has been significantly propelled by the emergence micro/nanorobots. combination micro/nanorobots and offers unique advantages holds attractive potential for applications. It effectively addresses challenges encountered traditional robots areas such as driving, sensing, intelligence other aspects, especially application cancer cardiovascular diseases, which is a hot field interdisciplinary research recent years. This review succinctly delineates analyzes advancements First, achievements years are systematically classified introduced from four perspectives: manufacturing design, drive control, biomedical degradation. In particular, in-depth discussions were conducted regarding solutions each stage. Second, based on latest results applications, development direction industrial applications key technical aspects that need to be paid attention emphasized. Finally, we discuss opportunities future, it expected will become more sophisticated capable performing multiple medical functions tasks. They implemented vivo assist doctors diagnosing treating diseases. shows significant medicine.

Язык: Английский

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A microscale soft lithium-ion battery for tissue stimulation

Nature Chemical Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 1(11), С. 691 - 701

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2024

Advances in the development of tiny devices with sizes below a few cubic millimeters require corresponding decrease volume driving power sources. To be minimally invasive, prospective sources biomedical must fabricated from soft materials. Previous endeavors droplet-based have produced promising miniature sources; however, rechargeable battery has remained out reach. Here we report microscale flexible lithium-ion droplet (LiDB) based on lipid-supported assembly droplets constructed biocompatible silk hydrogel. Capabilities such as triggerable activation, biocompatibility and biodegradability high capacity are demonstrated. We used LiDB to electrophoretic translocation charged molecules between synthetic cells mediate defibrillation pacing ex vivo mouse hearts. By inclusion magnetic particles enable propulsion, can function mobile energy courier. Our versatile will thereby variety applications.

Язык: Английский

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NIR‐II Fluorescent Thermophoretic Nanomotors for Superficial Tumor Photothermal Therapy

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2025

Abstract Peritumoral subcutaneous injection has been highly envisioned as an efficient yet low‐risk administration of photothermal agents for superficial tumor therapy. However, obstructed by complex tissue, the delivery injected to specific remains a critical issue. Herein, study reports polydopamine (PDA)‐encapsulated spherical core/shell nanomotor with fluorescent indocyanine green (ICG) immobilized on its PDA shell. Upon first near‐infrared (NIR‐I) irradiation, this motor can generate favorable heat, and meantime, emit robust ICG fluorescence in second window (NIR‐II). The heat turns into active agent able perform thermophoretic propulsion along irradiation direction while direct motors toward through real‐time NIR‐II imaging. These functions endow ability moving after being at peritumoral site, enabling enhanced therapy (PTT). results demonstrated herein suggest integrated nanorobotic tool PTT using administration, highlighting imaging‐directed propulsion.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Progress on Optical Micro/Nanomanipulations: Structured Forces, Structured Particles, and Synergetic Applications

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(9), С. 13264 - 13278

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2022

Optical manipulation has achieved great success in the fields of biology, micro/nano robotics and physical sciences past few decades. To date, optical is still witnessing substantial progress powered by growing accessibility complex light field, advanced nanofabrication developed understandings light-matter interactions. In this perspective, we highlight recent advancements micro/nanomanipulations cutting-edge applications, which can be fostered structured forces enabled with diverse auxiliary multiphysical field/forces particles. We conclude our vision ongoing futuristic directions, including heat-avoided heat-utilized manipulation, nonlinearity-mediated trapping metasurface/two-dimensional material based as well interface-based manipulation.

Язык: Английский

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Puffball‐Inspired Microrobotic Systems with Robust Payload, Strong Protection, and Targeted Locomotion for On‐Demand Drug Delivery

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(43)

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2022

Microrobots are recognized as transformative solutions for drug delivery systems (DDSs) because they can navigate through the body to specific locations and enable targeted release. However, their realization is substantially limited by insufficient payload capacity, unavoidable leakage/deactivation, strict modification/stability criteria drugs. Natural puffballs possess fascinating features that highly desirable DDSs, including a large fruitbody storing spores, flexible protective cap, environmentally triggered release mechanisms. This report presents puffball-inspired microrobotic system which incorporates an internal chamber loading quantities spatial separation, near-infrared-responsive top-sealing layer offering strong protection on-demand These microrobots (PIMs) display tunable capacities up high concentrations enhanced with minimal leakage. Upon near-infrared laser irradiation, rapid efficiency achieved. The PIMs also demonstrate translational motion velocities, switchable modes, precise locomotion under rotating magnetic field. work provides proof-of-concept DDS combines superior capability of unique characteristics puffballs, thereby illustrating versatile avenue development new generation delivery.

Язык: Английский

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