The Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island as a determinant of gastric cancer risk

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Helicobacter pylori strains can be broadly classified into two groups based on whether they contain or lack a chromosomal region known as the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). Colonization of human stomach with PAI-positive is associated an increased risk gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, compared to colonization PAI-negative strains. The PAI encodes secreted effector protein (CagA) components type IV secretion system (Cag T4SS) that delivers CagA non-protein substrates host cells. Animal model experiments indicate Cag T4SS stimulate mucosal inflammatory response contribute development cancer. In this review, we discuss recent studies defining structural functional features mechanisms by which H. containing promote disease.

Язык: Английский

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Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: mechanisms and new perspectives

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Gastric cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) recognized as major etiological agent, affecting an estimated 50% of the world's population. There has been rapidly expanding knowledge molecular and pathogenetic mechanisms H. over decades. This review summarizes latest research advances to elucidate underlying infection in gastric carcinogenesis. Our investigation reveals complex network involving STAT3, NF-κB, Hippo, Wnt/β-catenin pathways, which are dysregulated caused by pylori. Furthermore, we highlight role inducing oxidative stress, DNA damage, chronic inflammation, cell apoptosis—key cellular events that pave way for Emerging evidence also suggests effect on tumor microenvironment its possible implications immunotherapy. synthesizes current identifies gaps warrant further investigation. Despite progress our previous development pylori-induced cancer, comprehensive pylori's is crucial advancement prevention treatment strategies. By elucidating these mechanisms, aim provide more in-depth insights study pylori-related cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Infiltration to infection: key virulence players of Helicobacter pylori pathogenicity

Infection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 52(2), С. 345 - 384

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Impact of the Helicobacter pylori Oncoprotein CagA in Gastric Carcinogenesis

Current topics in microbiology and immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 239 - 257

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Precision Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Its Drug Resistance

iLABMED, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori , a gram‐negative microaerophilic bacterium, is implicated in broad spectrum of upper gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, and even certain extragastric diseases. Its ability to colonize persist within the host driven by complex arsenal colonization virulence factors, underscoring intricate dynamics host–pathogen interactions. The clinical management H. remains challenging, primarily due absence commercially available vaccines increasing prevalence multidrug resistance. Accurate reliable detection methods are therefore critical for preventing infections, identifying antibiotic resistance, assessing treatment efficacy. Currently, both invasive non‐invasive diagnostic approaches employed, each with unique strengths limitations. This review provides comprehensive overview pathogenesis, strategies, therapeutic interventions, highlighting latest advancements technologies. By critically evaluating existing exploring innovative approaches, this aims support future progress effective globally prevalent pathogen.

Язык: Английский

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Helicobacter pylori and Arsenic Co-exposure Intensify Gastric Barrier Damage and Serum Metabolic Disorder

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107667 - 107667

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Remodeling of the gastric environment in Helicobacter pylori -induced atrophic gastritis

mSystems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori colonization of the human stomach is a strong risk factor for gastric cancer. To investigate H. -induced molecular alterations, we used Mongolian gerbil model carcinogenesis. Histologic evaluation revealed varying levels atrophic gastritis (a premalignant condition characterized by parietal and chief cell loss) in -infected animals, transcriptional profiling loss markers these types. We then assessed spatial distribution relative abundance proteins tissues using imaging mass spectrometry liquid chromatography with tandem spectrometry. detected striking differences protein content corpus antrum tissues. Four hundred ninety-two were preferentially localized to uninfected animals. The 91 was reduced exhibiting compared infected non-atrophic or tissues; included numerous metabolic functions. Fifty animals diffusely delocalized throughout gastritis; roles processing. corresponding alterations not ∆ cagT mutant (lacking Cag type IV secretion system activity). These results indicate that can cause normally as well diffuse delocalization corpus-specific proteins, resulting marked changes normal partitioning into distinct regions. IMPORTANCE A organized regions known antrum, which have different functions, types, gland architectures. Previous studies primarily histologic methods differentiate detect leading In this study, investigated report detection are but stomach. show stomachs pylori- induced precancerous specialized types) exhibit localization corpus. provide new insights associated development

Язык: Английский

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Hereditary Gastric Cancer Is Linked With Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer

World Journal of Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(4), С. 722 - 730

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024

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Infection of Helicobacter pylori contributes to the progression of gastric cancer through ferroptosis

Cell Death Discovery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Patients With Hereditary Gastric Cancer Linked to a Family History of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC)

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

_Helicobacter pylori_ (_H. pylori_), a bacteria which chronically infects the stomach of approximately half people in world, is risk factor for development gastric cancer (GC). However, detailed mechanism by _H. infection induces GC remains unclear. Intermittent injection CagA protein to its host cell, inhibits nuclear translocation BRCA1/BRCA2-the DNA repair proteins involved prominently breast development. Interestingly, hereditary and ovarian syndrome (HBOC) associated with Here, we aimed understand molecular link between infection, _BRCA1/2_ pathogenic variants (PVs), higher incidence HBOC families. To do so, this retrospective clinical observation study, checked database Japanese patients undergoing precision treatment using genomic medicine. Indeed, found families having germline (GPVs) (2.95 % vs. 0.78% (in non-HBOC families). Next we, that 96.1 infected received medicine examination advanced GC, > 16% had _gBRCA2_ PVs. Moreover, histological tumor tissue showed mucosa epithelial cells CagA-positive strains were lacking BRCA1. Further, expressing wildtype BRCA1/2 _Gan_ mice (a mouse model human GC), inhibited Thus, _gBRAC1/2_ PVs synergistically increase Our study thus highlights need early eradication pylori _infection family members prevent it indicates poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) inhibitors will be effective halting progression GCs _gBRCA1/2_

Язык: Английский

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