The Therapeutic Potential of Myo-Inositol in Managing Patients with Respiratory Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(5), С. 2185 - 2185

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Respiratory diseases are major health concerns worldwide. Chronic respiratory (CRDs) the third leading cause of death worldwide and some most common chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, occupational lung diseases, hypertension. Despite having different etiology characteristics, these share several features, such as a persistent inflammatory state, oxidative stress, impaired mucociliary clearance, increased alveolar surface tension. CRDs not curable; however, various forms treatment, that help restore airway patency reduce shortness breath, can improve daily life for people living with conditions. In this regard myo-inositol may represent valid therapeutic adjuvant approach due to its properties. Being redox balancer, an inflammation modulator, and, importantly, component surfactant, it function counteract symptoms associated recently evidenced in patients COPD, COVID-19, bronchiectasis. The aim review is evaluate potential role supplementation management diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond the present: current and future perspectives on the role of infections in pediatric PCD

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder affecting motile cilia, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and increased susceptibility respiratory infections. These infections contribute long-term complications such as bronchiectasis lung function decline. This review explores both the acute impact of in children with PCD, while highlighting multiple contributors infection susceptibility. The also evaluates emerging personalized approaches gene mRNA therapy that hold promise for restoring ciliary reducing burden pediatric PCD. Acute have significant on morbidity driving progressive airway remodeling. While current treatment strategies focus managing directly, therapies targeting inflammation causes improving outcomes. Future advances medicine could further enhance therapeutic this population.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial fusion protein: a new therapeutic target for lung injury diseases

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Mitochondria are essential organelles responsible for cellular energy supply. The maintenance of mitochondrial structure and function relies heavily on quality control systems, including biogenesis, fission, fusion. Mitochondrial fusion refers to the interconnection two similar mitochondria, facilitating exchange DNA, metabolic substrates, proteins, other components. This process is crucial rescuing damaged mitochondria maintaining their normal function. In mammals, involves sequential steps: outer membrane fusion, regulated by mitofusin 1 2 (MFN1/2), inner mediated optic atrophy (OPA1). Dysfunction in has been implicated development various acute chronic lung injuries. Regulating dynamics, improving effective strategies mitigating tissue damage. study reviews expression regulatory mechanisms proteins injuries different etiologies, explores relationship with injury diseases, offers a theoretical foundation developing novel therapeutic approaches targeting injury.

Язык: Английский

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Intermittent hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced miRNAs inhibit expression of IRF and interferon genes but activate NF-κB and expression of pulmonary fibrosis markers in human small airway epithelial cells

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 123569 - 123569

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prolonged airway explant culture enables study of health, disease, and viral pathogenesis

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(17)

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

In vitro models play a major role in studying airway physiology and disease. However, the native lung’s complex tissue architecture nonepithelial cell lineages are not preserved these models. Ex vivo could overcome limitations, but methods for long-term maintenance of ex have been established. Here, we describe to culture human large explants, small precision-cut lung slices at least 14 days. Human explants recapitulate genotype-specific electrophysiology; characteristic epithelial, endothelial, stromal, immune populations; model viral infection after days culture. These also maintain mouse, rabbit, pig tracheal explants. Notably, intact can be cryopreserved, thawed, used generate viable with recovery function postthaw. studies highlight broad applications their use as translational intermediates between studies.

Язык: Английский

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Non–Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in Adults

JAMA, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

Importance Non–cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition caused by permanent bronchial dilatation and inflammation characterized daily cough, sputum, recurrent exacerbations. Approximately 500 000 people in the US have non-CF bronchiectasis. Observations Non-CF may be associated with prior pneumonia, infection nontuberculous mycobacteria or tuberculosis, genetic conditions (eg, α 1 -antitrypsin deficiency, primary ciliary dyskinesia), autoimmune diseases rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, immunodeficiency syndromes common variable immunodeficiency). Up to 38% of cases are idiopathic. According data, include gastroesophageal reflux disease (47%), asthma (29%), obstructive pulmonary (20%). The prevalence increases substantially age (7 per 100 individuals 18-34 years vs 812 those ≥75 years) more women than men (180 95 000). Diagnosis confirmed noncontrast chest computed tomography showing dilated airways often airway thickening mucus plugging. Initial diagnostic evaluation involves blood testing (complete cell count differential); immunoglobulin quantification (IgG, IgA, IgE, IgM); sputum cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, fungi; prebronchodilator postbronchodilator spirometry. Treatment includes clearance techniques; nebulization saline loosen tenacious secretions; regular exercise, participation rehabilitation, both. Inhaled bronchodilators (β-agonists antimuscarinic agents) inhaled corticosteroids indicated patients who disease. Exacerbations bronchiectasis, which typically present increased cough worsened fatigue, progressive decline function decreased quality life. should treated oral intravenous antibiotics. Individuals 3 exacerbations annually benefit from long-term antibiotics colistin, gentamicin) macrolides azithromycin). Lung transplant considered severely impaired function, frequent exacerbations, Among mortality higher severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comorbidities, such as Conclusions Relevance that causes production. Management treatment techniques, acute consideration annually.

Язык: Английский

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Importance of sputum and computed tomography assessments of airway neutrophil inflammation and mucus plugging in bronchiectasis management

ERJ Open Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(3), С. 01111 - 2024

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Sputum myeloperoxidase quantification and computed tomography scoring of mucus plugs in central airways deepen understanding relationships between airway neutrophilic inflammation, plugging disease severity patients with bronchiectasis https://bit.ly/3YHP4dF.

Язык: Английский

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Bronchiectasis: A Clinical Review of Inflammation

Respiratory Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 244, С. 108179 - 108179

Опубликована: Май 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Design of the SPIROMICS Study of Early COPD Progression: SOURCE Study

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Journal of the COPD Foundation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(5), С. 444 - 459

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The biological mechanisms leading some tobacco-exposed individuals to develop early-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood. This knowledge gap hampers development of disease-modifying agents for this prevalent condition.

Язык: Английский

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Water Sorption and Structural Properties of Human Airway Mucus in Health and Muco-Obstructive Diseases

Biomacromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(3), С. 1578 - 1591

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Muco-obstructive diseases change airway mucus properties, impairing mucociliary transport and increasing the likelihood of infections. To investigate sorption properties nanostructures in health disease, we investigated samples from patients cell cultures (cc) healthy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed mucin monomers with typical barbell structures, where globule to spacer volume ratio was highest for CF mucin. Accordingly, synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) more pronounced globules suggested shorter carbohydrate side chains longer COPD Quartz crystal microbalance dissipation (QCM-D) analysis presented water isotherms three types human mucus, where, at high relative humidity, had content compared cc-CF healthy (HAM). The higher hydration is consistent observation mucins. At low no dehydration-induced glass transition observed diseased suggesting remained a rubbery state. However, dialyzed cc-HAM, sorption–desorption hysteresis (typically glassy state) appeared, that small molecules present suppress transition.

Язык: Английский

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