Partner Switching and Metabolic Carbon Flux under Thermal Stress in the Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis DOI Creative Commons

Evan M. Heit

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2023

<p><strong>Reef corals depend heavily on their symbiotic relationship with dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae, which are primary source metabolic energy and hence allow them to survive in oligotrophic tropical seas. The between these two partners is exceptionally sensitive environmental change, however, global warming known induce dysbiosis (i.e., breakdown symbiosis) a process referred as ‘coral bleaching’. adaptive bleaching hypothesis posits that host may acquire new dominant Symbiodiniaceae species after event, either from shift relative abundance resident symbionts (‘shuffling’) or uptake environment (‘switching’), better equipping holobiont whole for regime. However, different symbiont types have nutritional implications coral, potentially limiting potential partner shuffling switching. Energy-rich carbon compounds primarily provided by coral glucose, glycerol, lipids. Yet, it poorly understood how climate change impacts this translocation identity influences response. This thesis, therefore, addressed topic, using sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana (‘Aiptasia’), globally adopted model system study cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis.</strong></p><p>First, I aimed quantify compare pools carbon-based metabolites under thermal stress symbiont, focusing total carbohydrates (Chapter 2). It was hypothesized (33 °C) would cause decline various metabolites, likely due decreased photosynthetic function host, combined elevated catabolism stress. Metabolites were measured range commercially available metabolite-specific assay kits. As predicted, at high temperature, glucose glycerol remained constant even increased controls. latter observation consistent gluconeogenesis synthesis likes glycerol) response demands temperatures. other hand, use metabolite an osmolyte moderator cellular While test-kit approach used here associated considerable amount inter-sample variability, nevertheless confirmed added previous observations gained much more expensive, technically complex metabolomics methods.</p><p>I then compared photosynthates Aiptasia low, control, temperature (15, 25, 33 oC), when colonized Breviolum minutum, only through Indo-Pacific region (the here), Durusdinium trenchii psygmophilum 3). D. thermally tolerant but opportunistic not typically Aiptasia, while often temperate sub-tropical species, including western Atlantic Ocean. B. minutum translocate photosynthate its control out-perform low temperatures, respectively. To test this, radiotracer (NaH14CO3) measure fixation translocation. Contrary expectations, anemones hosting bleached completely both population density controls, containing did bleach extensively those confirming reputation former ‘thermal generalist.’ With respect metabolism, performed similarly slightly out-performed across all though most benefit temperature. had major influence flux lessening impact bleaching. Specifically, facilitated proportionally higher rates symbiont-cell specific photosynthesis translocation, presumably reduced competition CO2, such heat-stressed continued receive similar amounts controls.</p><p>In summary, thesis demonstrates type metabolism symbiosis. Most interestingly, my findings highlight importance research processes underlie physiology generalists aid adaptation reef natural development tools conservation.</p>

Язык: Английский

Expression of glucose (GLUT) and glycerol (GLP) transporters in symbiotic and bleached Cassiopea xamachana (Bigelow, 1892) jellyfish DOI Creative Commons
Natalia Carabantes,

Maria Grosso-Becerra,

Patricia E. Thomé

и другие.

Marine Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 171(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Abstract Cassiopea xamachana is a tropical medusa that lives in symbiosis with dinoflagellate algae, serving as model organism for symbiotic studies. The necessary this to complete its life cycle. partners maintain metabolic exchange of organic molecules constitute an important source energy the animal host, free molecules, like glucose and glycerol, being primary source. This molecular can be facilitated by cellular internal membrane transport proteins, such Glucose transporters (GLUTs) Glycerol transport-like aquaglyceroporins (GLP-like), probably located at symbiosomal interface. present study was conducted October 2021, evaluating expression transporter coding genes GLUT3 , GLUT8 GLP9 (two genes) qPCR under conditions after loss symbionts. Symbiotic medusae donated from Xcaret Park, Mexico (20° 34′ 24.59″ N; -87° 07′ 5.40″ W) were sampled compared experimental decrease algal In agreement mobile molecule, our results showed higher transcription levels control bleached medusae. By contrast, aquaglyceroporin GLP9-1 GLP9-2, associated glycerol production lipid catabolism, compensate lower carbon due Our highlight importance transported symbiont host agree fuel association.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Octadecanoids as emerging lipid mediators in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis DOI Creative Commons
Craig E. Wheelock, Marina Tonetti Botana, Robert E. Lewis

и другие.

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Abstract Oxylipin signaling has been suggested as a potential mechanism for the inter-partner recognition and homeostasis regulation of cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis, which maintains ecological viability coral reefs. Here we assessed effects symbiosis symbiont identity on model cnidarian, sea anemone Exaiptasia diaphana, using mass spectrometry to quantify octadecanoid oxylipins (i.e., 18-carbon-derived oxygenated fatty acids). A total 84 octadecanoids were reported, distinct stereospecificity was observed synthesis R- S-enantiomers symbiont-free anemones free-living cultured dinoflagellate symbionts, respectively. Symbiont-derived 13(S)-hydroxy-octadecatetraenoic acid (13(S)-HOTE) linked 13(S)-lipoxygenase translocated host with 32-fold increase, suggesting it biomarker agonist receptors that regulate inflammatory transcription. Only native Breviolum minutum decreased abundance pro-inflammatory 9(R)-hydroxy-octadecadienoic (9(R)-HODE) in host. In contrast, non-native Durusdinium trenchii marked by higher autoxidation-derived octadecanoids, corroborating previous evidence cellular stress this association. The putative pathways reported here suggest foundational knowledge gaps can support bioengineering selective breeding more optimal host-symbiont pairings enhance resilience survival

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
The Influence of Symbiont Identity on the Proteomic and Metabolomic Responses of the Model Cnidarian Aiptasia to Thermal Stress DOI Creative Commons
Bobby Lust, J. L. Matthews, Clinton A. Oakley

и другие.

Environmental Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT We examined the effects of symbiont identity and heat stress on host metabolome proteome in cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis. Exaiptasia diaphana (‘Aiptasia’) was inoculated with its homologous (i.e., native) Breviolum minutum or a heterologous non‐native) ( Symbiodinium microadriaticum ; Durusdinium trenchii ) thermally stressed. Integrated analyses characterised thermal responses between symbioses, clear evidence enhanced nutritional deprivation cellular hosts harbouring symbionts following temperature stress. Host metabolomes were partially distinct at control temperature; however, caused anemones containing two to become more alike from those B. . While these patterns could be partly explained by innate symbiont‐specific differences, they may also reflect differences density, as under conditions D. attained 60% S. 15% density , elevated only –colonised bleached (60% loss). Our findings add growing literature that highlights physiological limits partner switching means adaptation global warming. However, we provide tentative for improved metabolic functioning after sustained

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Aquaporins and their role in plant-microbial systems DOI Creative Commons

T. R. Kudriashova,

Alexey A. Kryukov, Anastasia I. Gorenkova

и другие.

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(2), С. 238 - 247

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

Global losses of agricultural products from water scarcity could be greater than all other causes combined. Water deficiency in plants can result insufficient precipitation, elevated air temperatures, and factors that reduce the available soil. Most terrestrial are able to form symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Arbuscular mycorrhiza plays a key role mineral nutrition many plant species. transport is regulated primarily by aquaporins, transmembrane proteins. Aquaporins help save water, which an important component plant’s adaptation strategy scarcity. Some studies suggest fungi decrease expression aquaporin genes under drought conditions, reduces within host tissues conserves water. On hand, there little scientific evidence interaction mechanisms between during regulation. In addition, information different sources on functions species may contradictory. Plant aquaporins represented several subfamilies; their number varies for A more comprehensive study these transporters enhance our understanding assess how influence it. This review contains data history structure, localization, phylogeny, aquaporins. Advancing symbiotic system functioning contribute development biofertilizers based soil microorganisms uses Russian Federation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Physiology and metabolism of eukaryotic microalgae involved in aquatic photosymbioses DOI Creative Commons
Daniel P. Yee, Caroline Juéry, Gaëlle Toullec

и другие.

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 19, 2025

Summary Symbiosis between eukaryotic microalgae and heterotrophic hosts is a widespread, phylogenetically convergent, ecologically important phenomenon in aquatic ecosystems. Partners include taxonomically diverse interacting with multicellular or unicellular marine freshwater environments. While progress has been made recently, there are still major knowledge gaps on the microenvironmental conditions of hospite (e.g. nutrient CO 2 availability), algal carbon metabolism (production storage), cellular mechanisms carbohydrate export to host. This review aims provide current physiology symbiotic microalgae, highlight whether commonalities across different photosymbioses, identify new approaches technologies for disentangling photosymbiotic interactions at relevant temporal spatial scales.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Symbiont Identity Impacts the Microbiome and Volatilome of a Model Cnidarian-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis DOI Creative Commons
Maggie Wuerz, Caitlin A. Lawson, Clinton A. Oakley

и другие.

Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(7), С. 1014 - 1014

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

The symbiosis between cnidarians and dinoflagellates underpins the success of reef-building corals in otherwise nutrient-poor habitats. Alterations to symbiotic state can perturb metabolic homeostasis thus alter release biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). While BVOCs play important roles regulation signalling, how affects BVOC output remains unexplored. We therefore characterised suite that comprise volatilome sea anemone

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Host nutrient sensing is mediated by mTOR signaling in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis DOI Creative Commons
Philipp A. Voss, Sebastian G. Gornik, Marie R. Jacobovitz

и другие.

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(17), С. 3634 - 3647.e5

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

To survive in the nutrient-poor waters of tropics, reef-building corals rely on intracellular, photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts. Photosynthates produced by symbiont are translocated to host, and this enables form structural foundation most biodiverse all marine ecosystems. Although regulation nutrient exchange between partners is critical for ecosystem stability health, mechanisms governing how nutrients sensed, transferred, integrated into host cell processes largely unknown. Ubiquitous among eukaryotes, mechanistic target rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway integrates intracellular extracellular stimuli influence growth cell-cycle progression balance metabolic processes. A functional role mTOR integration was demonstrated various nutritional symbioses, a similar proposed coral-algal symbioses. Using endosymbiosis model Aiptasia, we examined both larvae adult polyps across stages symbiosis. We found that symbiosis enhances proliferation, using an Aiptasia-specific antibody, localized symbiosome membranes. activated symbiosis, while inhibition disrupts niche establishment altogether. Additionally, observed dysbiosis conserved response coral species. Our data confim plays pivotal integrating symbiont-derived metabolism stability, ultimately allowing symbiotic cnidarians thrive challenging environments.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
Membrane vectorial lipidomic features of coral host cells’ plasma membrane and lipid profiles of their endosymbionts Cladocopium DOI Creative Commons
Tatyana V. Sikorskaya, Ekaterina V. Ermolenko,

Taliya T. Ginanova

и другие.

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

Abstract The symbiotic relationships between coral animal host and autotrophic dinoflagellates are based on the mutual exchange tight control of nutritional inputs supporting successful growth. corals Sinularia heterospiculata Acropora aspera were cultivated using a flow-through circulation system supplying seawater during cold warm seasons year, then sorted into cells symbionts subjected to phylogenetic, morphological, advanced lipid analyses. Here we show, that lipidomes Cladocopium C1/C3 acroporide-specific hosted by corals, determined lipidomic features different thermosensitivity unique betaine- phospholipid molecular species. Phosphatidylserines ceramiaminoethylphosphonates not detected in predominantly localized inner leaflet S. plasma membrane. transmembrane distribution phosphatidylethanolamines changes possibly contributing mutualistic across this membrane complex provide with secure adaptive mechanism ecological benefits.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Transportome remodeling of a symbiotic microalga inside a planktonic host DOI Creative Commons
Caroline Juéry, Adrià Auladell, Zoltán Füssy

и другие.

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
An acidic microenvironment produced by the V-type ATPase of Euprymna scolopes promotes specificity during Vibrio fischeri recruitment DOI Creative Commons

Alexis C. Hargadon,

Joani W. Viliunas, Sabrina Koehler

и другие.

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024

Animals often acquire their microbial symbionts from the environment, but mechanisms underlying how specificity of association is achieved are poorly understood. We demonstrate that conserved proton pump, V-type ATPase (VHA), plays a key role in establishment model light-organ symbiosis between squid Euprymna scolopes and its bacterial partner, Vibrio fischeri. Recruitment V. fischeri surrounding seawater mediated by juvenile-specific ciliated fields on organ's surface. These epithelia produce acidic mucus containing antimicrobials with low-pH optima, creating chemical environment fostering specific recruitment provide evidence this critical landscape created activity VHA. VHA inhibition abolished epithelial-cell acidity, resulting increased pH inefficient symbiont colonization. Thus, provides mechanistic link host modulation microenvironmental immune function, selection symbionts, strategy for may govern other symbioses. Production an microenvironment juvenile host's epithelial promotes ambient environment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1