Evidence for human milk as a biological system and recommendations for study design—a report from “Breastmilk Ecology: Genesis of Infant Nutrition (BEGIN)” Working Group 4

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117, С. S61 - S86

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Human milk contains all of the essential nutrients required by infant within a complex matrix that enhances bioavailability many those nutrients. In addition, human is source bioactive components, living cells and microbes facilitate transition to life outside womb. Our ability fully appreciate importance this relies on recognition short- long-term health benefits and, as highlighted in previous sections supplement, its ecology (i.e., interactions among lactating parent breastfed well context itself). Designing interpreting studies address complexity depends availability new tools technologies account for such complexity. Past efforts have often compared formula, which has provided some insight into bioactivity milk, whole, or individual components supplemented with formula. However, experimental approach cannot capture contributions ecology, interaction between these matrix, significance itself enhance outcomes interest. This paper presents approaches explore biological system functional implications components. Specifically, we discuss study design data collection considerations how emerging analytical technologies, bioinformatics, systems biology could be applied advance our understanding critical aspect biology.

Язык: Английский

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Safety Evaluation and Probiotic Potency Screening of Akkermansia muciniphila Strains Isolated from Human Feces and Breast Milk

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

Akkermansia muciniphila is considered a next-generation probiotic because of its immense potential to regulate disorders. We isolated 31 strains A. from feces or breast milk healthy people. After genome sequencing, assembly, and analysis, we selected six (AM01 AM06) for further exploration. first analyzed their general characteristics, including morphological description, growth physiological biochemical then confirmed genetic GC content, putative virulence factors, antibiotic resistance genes. next investigated the tolerance these artificial gastric intestinal fluids bile salts evaluate survival in digestive tract. Drug sensitivity tests were also conducted based on analysis genes strains. Furthermore, examined stability acute toxicity two (AM02 mice. Finally, safety AM06 was evaluated normal mice nude exhibited adaptability pH changes. Since AM02 AM03 showed more antibiotics than AM01 AM04 AM06, clinical application may be limited. Both genetically phenotypically stable safe mice, Considering all this together, strain exhibits great use as among IMPORTANCE In study, 30 different samples human feces, time an milk. This isolation verified existence microbes milk, which suggests that can vertically propagated mother infant participates formation early gut microbiome. systematically according FAO/WHO recommendation. has no factors nonpathogenic both Moreover, changes indicates desirable properties. Thus, propose candidate.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanism of 2′-fucosyllactose degradation by human-associated Akkermansia

Journal of Bacteriology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Among the first microorganisms to colonize human gut of breastfed infants are bacteria capable fermenting milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). One most abundant HMOs, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), may specifically drive bacterial colonization intestine. Recently, differential growth has been observed across multiple species

Язык: Английский

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Akkermansia biwaensis sp. nov., an anaerobic mucin-degrading bacterium isolated from human faeces

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 73(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

A bacterial strain, WON2089 T , was isolated from the faeces of healthy Japanese adults and is able to use mucin as sole carbon nitrogen source. Sequencing its 16S rRNA gene showed that has 98.0 94.4% similarity Akkermansia muciniphila Muc glycaniphila Pyt respectively, while phylogenetic tree analysis confirmed it belongs genus . The whole genome sequenced, which shares 84.5 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) 24.9 digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) with closest relative, A. Cells are non-motile, anaerobic oval-shaped (0.4–0.5×0.5–1.0 µm). strain Gram-stain-negative grows in temperature range 25–45 °C (optimum, 30–37 °C) pH 5.5–9.5 6.5–8.0). can utilize d -glucose, -mannitol, lactose -mannose, assessed by API20A strips. major cellular fatty acids C 15 : 0 anteiso, 3OH 18 1 ω9 c (55.5, 7.5 5.8 total acids, respectively). Based on sequencing, ANI, dDDH acid formation distinct previously reported species phenotypic, genetic characteristics, represents a novel name biwaensis sp. nov. proposed. type (= NBRC 115679 = DSM 114407 ).

Язык: Английский

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Akkermansia muciniphila and herbal medicine in immune-related diseases: current evidence and future perspectives

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Akkermansia muciniphila is considered the “paradigm for next-generation beneficial microorganisms” and has been reported to help alleviat immune-related diseases. Evidence shows that herbal medicine can treat disease by regulating abundance of A. . Recent studies have revealed a link between Here, we systematically reviewed association , medicine, diseases (including inflammatory bowel disease, human immunodeficiency virus, cancer immunotherapy, liver injury). We also summarize potential mechanisms action offer perspectives future studies.

Язык: Английский

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Association of breast milk microbiota and metabolites with neonatal jaundice

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition during early life, and existing research indicates that development jaundice in breastfed newborns may be linked to specific nutrients or bioactive substances present breast milk. However, association between microbiota small-molecule metabolites neonatal remains unproven. This study aimed investigate neonates relation metabolites. Based on conditions exclusive breastfeeding, we selected healthy without significant their mothers day 4 (96-120 h after birth) as control group, jaundiced group. samples were collected from both groups postnatal analyzed for using 16S rRNA gene sequencing an liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry techniques. A total 104 mother-child pairs included study, which 51 group other 53 Our results demonstrated there was no difference species composition diversity flora groups. At genus level, abundance Lactobacillus, Ackermannia, Bifidobacterium significantly higher than Metabolomics analysis revealed a 27 different two Notably, had elevated levels 24 metabolites, predominantly lipids family, including sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acid derivatives. suggests link contains beneficial bacteria lipid family compared with jaundice. offers new insights into relationship breastfeeding

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of Bifidobacterium bifidum growth and metabolism on whey protein phospholipid concentrate

Journal of Dairy Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) is a co-product generated during the manufacture of whey isolate. WPPC depleted simple sugars but contains numerous glycoconjugates embedded in milk fat globule membrane, suggesting this fraction may serve as carbon source for growth bifidobacteria commonly enriched breast fed infants. In work, we demonstrate that can sole Bifidobacterium bifidum, species common to breastfed infant and routinely used probiotic. Growth on fractions resulted expression key extracellular glycosyl hydrolases B. bifidum associated with catabolism glycoproteins. Interestingly, included induction fucosidase genes linked fucosylated human oligosaccharides even though glycan possesses little fucose. Additional studies revealed WPPC-glycan components N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine were required pre-activation toward rapid oligosaccharides. also sialidases which promoted consistent release sialic acid, well-known component bovine potential impacts gut microbial ecology host cognition. These suggest promising bioactive facilitate probiotic activity use formulas other synbiotic applications.

Язык: Английский

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Peptidoglycan isolated from the fruit of Lycium barbarum alleviates liver fibrosis in mice by regulating the TGF-β/Smad7 signaling and gut microbiota

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Microbial succession at weaning is guided by microbial metabolism of host glycans.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2025

Abstract The weaning transition from a milk-based to solid-food diet supports critical developmental changes the intestinal microbiome and immune system. However, specific microbial host features that influence succession at are not well understood. Here, we developed simple approach investigate complex dynamics of during by co-housing gnotobiotic mice colonized with defined pre-weaning community PedsCom adult-derived consortium OMM12. As expected, OMM12 recapitulated induced system maturation in mice. Unexpectedly, found microbes highest glycan utilization profiles were most adept colonizers Genomic analysis confirmed is deficient carbohydrate-active enzymes responsible for degrading host-derived glycans, including mucins, compared consortia. We validated role vivo demonstrating mucus-degrading commensal microbe Akkermansia muciniphila critically depends on metabolism mucin glycans colonization These findings highlight importance shaping communities suggest as novel targets modulate populations, introduce beneficial probiotics, enhance development weaning.

Язык: Английский

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In vitro competition with Bifidobacterium strains impairs potentially pathogenic growth of Clostridium perfringens on 2′-fucosyllactose

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Март 18, 2025

Fortifying infant formula with human milk oligosaccharides, such as 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), is a global trend. Previous studies have shown the inability of pathogenic gut microbes to utilize 2'-FL. However, present study demonstrates that type strain (JCM 1290T) Clostridium perfringens, pathobiont species often more prevalent and abundant in feces C-section-delivered infants, exhibits potentially growth on The expression genes for α-toxin, an activator NLRP3 inflammasome, ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, factor responsible progression gas gangrene, was significantly upregulated during 2'-FL assimilation compared lactose. colony-forming unit C. perfringens JCM 1290T markedly decreased when co-cultivated selected strains Bifidobacterium, taxon frequently detected breastfed gut. Moreover, co-cultivation, virulence-related genes, including gene perfringolysin O – another inflammasome were downregulated, while lactate oxidation upregulated. This can occur through two different mechanisms: direct competition between organisms, or cross-feeding lactose, released from by 1290T, Bifidobacterium. Attenuation α-toxin production Bifidobacterium observed varying extents 2'-FL-utilizing clinically isolated healthy infants. Our results warrant detailed vivo using animal models dysbiotic microbiota dominated various types further validate safety clinical interventions, particularly vulnerable preterm

Язык: Английский

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