Environmental Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2011,
Номер
13(5), С. 1192 - 1204
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2011
The
coral
reef
benthos
is
primarily
colonized
by
corals
and
algae,
which
are
often
in
direct
competition
with
one
another
for
space.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
coral-associated
Bacteria
different
from
the
surrounding
seawater
at
least
partially
species
specific
(i.e.
same
bacterial
on
species).
Here
we
extend
these
microbial
to
four
of
major
ecological
functional
groups
algae
found
reefs:
upright
encrusting
calcifying
fleshy
turf
compare
results
communities
reef-building
Montastraea
annularis.
It
was
using
16S
rDNA
tag
pyrosequencing
algal
genera
harbour
characteristic
communities,
were
generally
more
diverse
than
those
corals.
While
majority
related
known
heterotrophs,
consuming
carbon-rich
mucus,
algal-associated
harboured
a
high
percentage
autotrophs.
autotrophic
Cyanobacteria
may
be
important
nitrogen
cycling
algae.
There
also
rich
diversity
photosynthetic
eukaryotes
associated
including
protists,
diatoms,
other
microalgae.
Together,
observations
support
hypothesis
reefs
vast
landscape
distinctive
holobiont
concept
benthic
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
112(8), С. 2307 - 2313
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2015
The
genetic
enhancement
of
wild
animals
and
plants
for
characteristics
that
benefit
human
populations
has
been
practiced
thousands
years,
resulting
in
impressive
improvements
commercially
valuable
species.
Despite
these
benefits,
manipulations
are
rarely
considered
noncommercial
purposes,
such
as
conservation
restoration
initiatives.
Over
the
last
century,
humans
have
driven
global
climate
change
through
industrialization
release
increasing
amounts
CO
2
,
shifts
ocean
temperature,
chemistry,
sea
level,
well
frequency
storms,
all
which
can
profoundly
impact
marine
ecosystems.
Coral
reefs
highly
diverse
ecosystems
suffered
massive
declines
health
abundance
a
result
other
direct
anthropogenic
disturbances.
There
is
great
concern
high
rates,
magnitudes,
complexity
environmental
overwhelming
intrinsic
capacity
corals
to
adapt
survive.
Although
it
important
address
root
causes
changing
climate,
also
prudent
explore
potential
augment
reef
organisms
tolerate
stress
facilitate
recovery
after
Here,
we
review
risks
benefits
improvement
natural
commercial
stocks
noncoral
systems
advocate
series
experiments
determine
feasibility
developing
coral
with
enhanced
tolerance
acceleration
naturally
occurring
processes,
an
approach
known
(human)-assisted
evolution,
while
at
same
time
initiating
public
dialogue
on
this
approach.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
8
Опубликована: Март 7, 2017
The
symbiotic
association
between
the
coral
animal
and
its
endosymbiotic
dinoflagellate
partner
Symbiodinium
is
central
to
success
of
corals.
However,
an
array
other
microorganisms
associated
with
(i.e.,
Bacteria,
Archaea,
Fungi
viruses)
have
a
complex
intricate
role
in
maintaining
homeostasis
corals
Symbiodinium.
Corals
are
sensitive
shifts
surrounding
environmental
conditions.
One
most
widely
reported
responses
stressful
conditions
bleaching.
During
this
event,
expel
cells
from
their
gastrodermal
tissues
upon
experiencing
extended
seawater
temperatures
above
thermal
threshold.
An
stressors
can
also
destabilize
microbiome,
resulting
compromised
health
host,
which
may
include
disease
mortality
worst
scenario.
exact
mechanisms
by
microbiome
supports
increases
resilience
poorly
understood.
Earlier
studies
microbiology
proposed
probiotic
hypothesis,
wherein
dynamic
relationship
exists
microorganisms,
selecting
for
holobiont
that
best
suited
prevailing
Here,
we
discuss
microbial-host
relationships
within
holobiont,
along
potential
roles
health.
We
propose
term
BMC
(Beneficial
Microorganisms
Corals)
define
(specific)
symbionts
promote
This
concept
analogous
Plant
Growth
Promoting
Rhizosphere
(PGPR),
has
been
explored
manipulated
agricultural
industry
inhabit
rhizosphere
directly
or
indirectly
plant
growth
development
through
production
regulatory
signals,
antibiotics
nutrients.
Additionally,
effects
on
corals,
suggesting
strategies
use
knowledge
manipulate
reversing
dysbiosis
restore
protect
reefs.
developing
using
consortia
as
"probiotics"
improve
resistance
after
bleaching
events
and/or
such
human-assisted
acclimation/adaption
shifting
The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
11(6), С. 1483 - 1499
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2017
Abstract
Marine
Rhodobacteraceae
(Alphaproteobacteria)
are
key
players
of
biogeochemical
cycling,
comprise
up
to
30%
bacterial
communities
in
pelagic
environments
and
often
mutualists
eukaryotes.
As
‘Roseobacter
clade’,
these
‘roseobacters’
assumed
be
monophyletic,
but
non-marine
have
not
yet
been
included
phylogenomic
analyses.
Therefore,
we
analysed
106
genome
sequences,
particularly
emphasizing
gene
sampling
its
effect
on
phylogenetic
stability,
investigated
relationships
between
marine
versus
habitat,
evolutionary
origin
genomic
adaptations.
Our
analyses,
providing
no
unequivocal
evidence
for
the
monophyly
roseobacters,
indicate
several
shifts
habitats
that
occurred
independently
were
accompanied
by
characteristic
changes
content
orthologs,
enzymes
metabolic
pathways.
Non-marine
gained
high-affinity
transporters
cope
with
much
lower
sulphate
concentrations
lost
genes
related
reduced
sodium
chloride
organohalogen
their
habitats.
required
fucoidan
desulphonation
synthesis
plant
hormone
indole
3-acetic
acid
compatible
solutes
ectoin
carnitin.
However,
neither
plasmid
composition,
even
though
typical
family,
nor
degree
oligotrophy
shows
a
systematic
difference
Rhodobacteraceae.
We
suggest
operational
term
group’
strains.
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2014,
Номер
78(4), С. 573 - 587
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2014
SUMMARY
Members
of
the
Roseobacter
clade
are
equipped
with
a
tremendous
diversity
metabolic
capabilities,
which
in
part
explains
their
success
so
many
different
marine
habitats.
Ideas
on
how
this
evolved
and
is
maintained
reviewed,
focusing
recent
evolutionary
studies
exploring
timing
mechanisms
ecological
diversification.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
100(19), С. 8315 - 8324
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2016
Endozoicomonas
bacteria
are
emerging
as
extremely
diverse
and
flexible
symbionts
of
numerous
marine
hosts
inhabiting
oceans
worldwide.
Their
range
from
simple
invertebrate
species,
such
sponges
corals,
to
complex
vertebrates,
fish.
Although
widely
distributed,
the
functional
role
within
their
host
microenvironment
is
not
well
understood.
In
this
review,
we
provide
a
summary
currently
recognized
global
distribution.
Next,
potential
roles
Endozoicomonas,
particularly
in
light
recent
microscopic,
genomic,
genetic
analyses,
discussed.
These
analyses
suggest
that
typically
reside
aggregates
tissues,
have
free-living
stage
due
large
genome
sizes,
show
signs
local
adaptation,
participate
host-associated
protein
carbohydrate
transport
cycling,
harbour
high
degree
genomic
plasticity
proportion
transposable
elements
residing
genomes.
This
review
will
finish
with
discussion
on
methodological
tools
employed
study
interactions
future
avenues
for
studying
host-microbial
symbioses.
