Pathogens and planetary change
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Emerging
infectious
diseases,
biodiversity
loss,
and
anthropogenic
environmental
change
are
interconnected
crises
with
massive
social
ecological
costs.
In
this
Review,
we
discuss
how
pathogens
parasites
responding
to
global
change,
the
implications
for
pandemic
prevention
conservation.
Ecological
evolutionary
principles
help
explain
why
both
pandemics
wildlife
die-offs
becoming
more
common;
land-use
loss
often
followed
by
an
increase
in
zoonotic
vector-borne
diseases;
some
species,
such
as
bats,
host
so
many
emerging
pathogens.
To
prevent
next
pandemic,
scientists
should
focus
on
monitoring
limiting
spread
of
a
handful
high-risk
viruses,
especially
at
key
interfaces
farms
live-animal
markets.
But
address
much
broader
set
disease
risks
associated
Anthropocene,
decision-makers
will
need
develop
comprehensive
strategies
that
include
pathogen
surveillance
across
species
ecosystems;
conservation-based
interventions
reduce
human–animal
contact
protect
health;
health
system
strengthening;
improvements
epidemic
preparedness
response.
Scientists
can
contribute
these
efforts
filling
gaps
data,
expanding
evidence
base
disease–driver
relationships
interventions.
This
Review
explores
relationship
between
diseases
connected
changes
Anthropocene.
Язык: Английский
Air sampling accurately captures circulating zoonotic viral diversity emerging from poultry live-animal markets
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Environmental
surveillance
has
emerged
as
a
pivotal
strategy
for
early
detection
of
pathogens
that
pose
threats
to
humans
(1)
but
not
been
utilized
zoonotic
agents.
In
Asia,
live-bird
markets
(LBMs)
are
key
human-animal
interfaces
virus
transmission
(2).
Traditional
sampling
strategies
time-consuming,
expensive,
threaten
animal
welfare
and
have
significant
occupational
biosafety
risks.
this
study,
we
assessed
the
performance
metagenomics
on
environmental
samples
(ES)
compared
traditional
poultry
swabs
detecting
avian
viral
in
LBMs
Cambodia.
ES,
including
air,
cage
swabs,
carcass
wash
water,
were
collected
alongside
throat
cloacal
from
domestic
chickens
ducks
across
twelve
visits
two
over
15-month
period.
Viral
nucleic
acids
extracted
sequenced
using
capture
probe-based
approach.
Our
results
show
ES
outperformed
highly
pathogenic
Influenza
A/H5N1,
circulating
clades
2.3.4.4b
2.3.2.1c,
which
found
environment
missed
by
multiple
occasions.
was
also
sensitive
40
other
viruses
pathogen
families
such
Astroviridae
,
Coronaviridae
Picornaviridae
Retroviridae
.
contigs
showed
high
similarity
those
further
highlighting
accuracy
findings
highlight
can
precisely
effectively
replicate
metagenomic
samples,
offering
broader
coverage
enhanced
pathogens.
This
robust
approach
could
be
mitigating
spillover,
controlling
at
LBMs,
enhancing
pandemic
preparedness
strategies.
Язык: Английский
Ingrained: Rice farming and the risk of zoonotic spillover, examples from Cambodia
One Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18, С. 100696 - 100696
Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024
Rice
cultivation
in
Southeast
Asia
is
a
One
Health
interface
intersecting
human,
animal,
and
environmental
health.
This
complexity
creates
potential
for
zoonotic
transmission
between
diverse
reservoirs.
Bats
harbor
viruses
like
Nipah;
mosquitoes
transmit
arboviruses;
rodents
spread
hantaviruses.
Domestic
animals—
including
pigs
with
influenza
dogs
rabies
aquatic
animals
can
also
pathogens.
Climate
change
urbanization
may
further
disrupt
rice
agro-ecologies.
paper
explores
animal
viral
reservoirs,
vectors,
historical
practices
associated
risk
farming.
land
use
changes
could
enhance
spillover.
Solutions
are
proposed,
surveillance
of
animals,
water,
air
to
detect
threats
before
major
outbreaks,
such
as
improved
biosecurity,
hygiene,
livestock
vaccinations.
Ecological
agricultural
interventions
together
reduce
from
Язык: Английский
Unveiling Disease X: Strategies for Tackling the New Frontier of Infectious Diseases
Zoonoses,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Disease
X
stands
as
a
symbol
for
subset
of
emerging
infectious
diseases
rising
to
prominence
significant
challenge
global
health
security.
This
comprehensive
review
delves
into
the
historical
context,
precise
definition,
and
illustrative
case
studies
disease
X,
including
notable
examples,
such
COVID-19,
SARS,
Ebola.
The
discussion
then
transitions
an
examination
potential
origins
with
particular
focus
on
zoonotic
pathways
influence
environmental
factors.
concludes
suite
proposed
strategies
aimed
at
prevention
containment
emphasizing
critical
role
vigilant
surveillance,
swift
response
mechanisms,
necessity
fostering
international
cooperation.
Язык: Английский
The Evolution and Epidemiology of H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus After 20 Years in Dogs
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2024
ABSTRACT
The
H3N2
canine
influenza
virus
(CIV)
emerged
from
an
avian
reservoir
in
Asia
around
2004.
As
the
has
now
been
circulating
entirely
among
dogs
for
20
years,
we
here
update
our
understanding
of
evolution
its
new
host.
a
host-switched
virus,
CIV
will
also
reveal
any
host-adaptive
changes
arising
during
thousands
infections
within
host,
and
analysis
showed
that
evolved
at
constant
rate.
was
first
introduced
into
North
America
2015
Korea,
specifically
examined
epidemiology
since
then,
including
local
outbreaks,
regional
die-outs,
repeated
reintroduction
Asia.
appears
endemic
only
China
after
dying
out
South
Korea
2017.
Virus
lineages
appear
to
have
seeded
most
recent
US
outbreaks
–
with
2
or
3
introductions
past
years.
Combining
clinical
reports,
diagnostic
testing
data,
viral
genomes
show
spreads
rapidly
kennels
shelters
different
regions
likely
locally
all
those
animals
become
infected
immune.
overall
epidemic
therefore
requires
longer-distance
dispersal
initiate
locations.
Patterns
spread
USA
may
select
viruses
adapted
dense
populations,
which
lack
properties
required
efficient
long-distance
transfers
other
dog
populations
would
keep
prolonged
circulation.
IMPORTANCE
Viruses
occasionally
jump
hosts
cause
epidemics
widely
due
movement
humans
animals,
their
viruses,
profound
consequences
global
health.
emergence
companion
provides
model
disease
dynamics
evolution.
arose
provide
many
opportunities
human
exposure.
transmission
is
dominated
by
fast-moving
animal
kennels,
while
sustaining
more
distant
populations.
Viral
Americahas
sustained
few
years
time
dies
out.
epidemiological
evolutionary
this
structured
host
population
shows
how
acute
respiratory
pathogen
can
emerge
population.
Язык: Английский
Complete genomes of DNA viruses in faecal samples from small terrestrial mammals in Spain
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024
Abstract
Viromics
studies
are
allowing
us
to
understand
not
only
the
enormous
diversity
of
virosphere,
but
also
potential
threat
posed
by
emerging
viruses.
Regarding
latter,
main
concern
lies
in
monitoring
presence
RNA
viruses,
zoonotic
some
DNA
on
which
we
have
focused
present
study,
should
be
highlighted.
For
this
purpose,
analysed
160
faecal
samples
from
14
species
belonging
three
orders
small
terrestrial
mammals
(i.e.
Rodentia,
Lagomorpha
and
Eulypotyphla
).
This
allowed
identify
a
total
25
complete
or
near-complete
genomes
families
Papillomaviridae,
Polyomaviridae,
Adenoviridae,
Circoviridae
Genomoviridae
,
18
could
considered
new
types.
Our
results
provide
significant
increase
number
viruses
European
origin
with
databases,
at
clearly
under-represented
compared
Язык: Английский
Complete Genomes of DNA Viruses in Fecal Samples from Small Terrestrial Mammals in Spain
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(12), С. 1885 - 1885
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2024
Viromics
studies
are
allowing
us
to
understand
not
only
the
enormous
diversity
of
virosphere,
but
also
potential
threat
posed
by
emerging
viruses.
Regarding
latter,
main
concern
lies
in
monitoring
presence
RNA
viruses,
zoonotic
some
DNA
on
which
we
have
focused
present
study,
should
be
highlighted.
For
this
purpose,
analyzed
160
fecal
samples
from
14
species
small
terrestrial
mammals,
9
them
belonging
order
Rodentia.
This
allowed
identify
a
total
25
complete
or
near-complete
genomes
families
Papillomaviridae,
Polyomaviridae,
Adenoviridae,
Circoviridae,
and
Genomoviridae,
18
could
considered
new
types.
Our
results
provide
significant
increase
number
viruses
European
origin
with
databases,
at
under-represented
compared
In
addition,
characterization
whole
is
relevance
for
further
study
evolutionary
forces
governing
virus
adaptation,
such
as
recombination,
may
play
an
important
role
cross-species
transmission.
Язык: Английский